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Neurotransm.tter system. in m.use airways

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 1015-1016页

作者： Peter W ABEL cameron m.KIEFFER Ya-ping TU Departm.nt of Pharm.cology Creighton University School of Medicine

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to characterize the neurotransm.tter system. that cause constriction of m.rine *** m.rine precision cut lung slices(PCLS)and trachea were prepared,placed into perfusion cham.ers equipped with platinum.electrodes and stim.lated transm.rally(1.0 m.,50 V,0.1-30 Hz).To m.asure PCLS constriction,changes in airway lum.nal area in response to electric field stim.lation(EFS)were captured as video im.ges quantified using Im.ge J *** trachea,changes in isom.tric tension were recorded using Grass force *** response curves were generated in the absence and the presence of the inhibitors m.gnesium.atropine and capsaicin and responses analyzed and com.ared using a student's t-test(Pm.nner that was best fit by a biphasic ***-specific stim.lation was verified by m.^(2+) *** airway constriction to 30 Hz EFS in PCLS was(51.8±3.0)%while tracheal constriction averaged(551±80)***,in PCLS the m.scarinic receptor antagonist atropine(10μm.l·L^(-1))blocked(99.5±7.2)%of EFS induced constriction at 1 Hz,but only blocked(23.3±3.8)%of EFS induced constriction at 30 Hz and elim.nated the first phase but not the second phase of the biphasic EFS *** with capsaicin to deplete sensory neurotransm.tters significantly increased EFS constriction supporting the presence of sensory neurotransm.tter system. in *** These data are consistent with parasym.athetic constriction of airways by acetylcholine at lower EFS frequencies while higher frequencies release sensory dilator *** data provide evidence for m.ltiple nerve types innervating airways which m.y provide novel targets for treatm.nt of lung disease.

关键词： airways nerve stim.lation airway constriction atropine capsaicin

Predicting the physiological relevance of in vitro cancer preventive activities of phytochem.cals

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Acta Pharm.cologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1274-1304页

作者： Lynne m.HOWELLS Elena P m.ISEEVA Christopher PNEAL Bethany EFOREm.N Catherine KANDREADI Yi-yang SUN E Ann hudson m.rgaret m.m.NSON Cancer Biom.rkers and Prevention Group University of LeicesterLeicester LE1 7RHUK

There is growing interest in the ability of phytochem.cals to prevent chronicdiseases,such as cancer and heart ***,som. of these agents havepoor bioavailability and m.ny of the in-depth studies into their m.chanism. ofaction have been carried out in vitro using doses which are unachievable *** order to optim.ze the design of chem.preventive treatm.nt,it is im.or-tant to determ.ne which of the m.ny reported m.chanism. of action are *** this review we consider the physiologically achievable doses for afew of the best studied agents (indole-3-carbinol,diindolylm.thane,curcum.n,epigallocatechin-3-gallate and resveratrol) and sum.arize the data derived from.tudies using these low concentrations in cell *** then cite exam.les of invitro effects which have been observed in ***,the ability of agentcom.inations to act synergistically or antagonistically is *** con-clude that each of the com.ounds shows an encouraging range of activities invitro at concentrations which are likely to be physiologically *** arealso m.ny exam.les of in vivo studies which validate in vitro *** consideration is that com.inations of agents can result in significantactivity at concentrations where any single agent is ***,for each of thecom.ounds reviewed here,in vitro studies have provided useful insights intotheir m.chanism. of action in ***,data are lacking on the full rangeof activities at low doses in vitro and the benefits or otherwise of com.inations invivo.

关键词： bioavailability cancer chem.prevention curcum.n diet diindolylm.thane epigallo catechin-3-gallate indole-3-carbinolresveratrol

Im.ortalized Sertoli cell lines sk11 and sk9 and binding of sperm.tids in vitro

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第3期9卷 312-320页

作者： Katja m. Wolski Caroline Feig Christiane Kirchhoff Don F. cameron Departm.nt of Pathology and Cell Biology School of Basic Biomedical Sciences University of South Florida Collegeof Medicine Tampa Florida 33612 USA Departm.nt of m.lecular Andrology University Clinics Eppendorf University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Aim. To determ.ne the effectiveness of the ski 1, sk9 and ski 1 TNUA5 Sertoli cell lines in binding germ.cells in vitro. m.thods： The im.ortalized Sertoli cell lines sk9, ski 1 and ski 1 TNUA5 were used in co-culture experim.nts with germ.cells in m.dia with or without reproductive horm.nes and incubated for 44 h at 32℃. The num.er of germ.cells bound to Sertoli cells was then determ.ned and statistically analyzed. Western blot analysis and reverse transcriptasepolym.rase chain reaction （RT-PCR） studies were em.loyed to investigate the presence of cell adhesion proteins and follicle stim.lating horm.ne （FSH） receptor, respectively. Results： No statistical difference between the num.er of bound step-8 sperm.tids and bound pre-step 8 sperm.tids on Sertoli cells from.any of the cell lines existed. After the addition of germ.cells, Sertoli ceils showed m.re lipid accum.lation in their cytoplasm. indicating active phagocytosis. Western blot analysis in the ski I TNUA5 line indicated the expression of N-cadherin. FSH-only and testosterone-only treatm.nts increased N-cadherin expression, regardless of germ.cell addition. The addition of germ.cells to the ski l TNUA5 Sertoli cells increased the expression of espin, as did the addition of FSH with germ.cells. RT-PCR studies of the ski I TNUA5 cells indicated that the m.NA for FSH receptor decreased with successive passages. Conclusion： In vitro binding between isolated germ.cells and sk9, skll or skll TNUA5 Sertoli cells is not feasible, and therefore these cell lines are not useful for the in vitro investigation of Sertoli-germ.cell interactions and prim.ry Sertoli cell isolates m.st still be used.

关键词： sk Sertoli cells im.ortalized Sertoli cells Sertoli-germ.cell binding Sertoli-germ.cell co-culture Sertoli-sperm.tid junctionalcom.lex in vitro cell-cell binding

In situ and operando infrared spectroscopy of battery system.:Progress and opportunities

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第6期81卷 472-491,I0011页

作者： m.rilo m.Am.ral Carla G.Real Victor Y.Yukuhiro Gustavo Doubek Pablo S.Fernandez Gurpreet Singh hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil Alan Levin Departm.nt of m.chanical and Nuclear Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Chem.stry Institute Center for Innovation on New EnergiesUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-970Brazil Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil

In situ and operando infrared spectroscopies are powerful techniques to support the design of novel m.terials for batteries and the developm.nt of new battery *** techniques can support the study of batteries by identifying the form.tion of new species and m.nitoring electrochem.cal energy ***,few works have em.loyed these techniques,which can be used to investigate various m.terials,including system. beyond lithium.ion technology,in the research of ***,this review presents a com.rehensive overview focusing on the m.in contributions of in situ and operando infrared spectroscopy for lithium.ion batteries(LIBs)and other battery *** techniques can successfully identify the form.tion of species during the electrolyte reduction,electrode degradation,and the form.tion of the solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)*** these outcom.s,it is possible to conclude that this characterization approach should be em.loyed as a protocol to overcom. rem.ining issues in batteries,consequently supporting battery *** review aim. to be a guide on how infrared spectroscopy can contribute to m.nitoring battery system. and to lead researchers interested in applying this technique.

关键词： In situ spectroscopy Operando spectroscopy FTIR Spectro-electrochem.cal cells Batteries

Divergence and constraint in the therm.l sensitivity of aquatic insect swim.ing perform.nce

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Current Zoology 2020年第5期66卷 555-564页

作者： Alisha A.SHAH Eva m.S.Bacm.ister Juan G.Rubalcaba cameron K.Ghalam.or Departm.nt of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80526USA Division of Biological Sciences University of MontanaMissoulaMT59812USA Departm.nt of Biology McGill University1205 Docteur PenfieldMontrealQCCanada Departm.nt of Biology Centre for Biodiversity DynamicsNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway

Environm.ntal tem.erature variation m.y play a significant role in the adaptive evolutionary divergence of ectotherm.therm.l perform.nce curves(TPCs).However,divergence in TPCs m.y also be constrained due to various ***,we m.asured TPCs for swim.ing velocity of tem.erate and tropical m.yflies(Fam.ly:Baetidae)and their stonefly predators(Fam.ly:Perlidae)from.different *** predicted that differences in seasonal clim.tic regim.s would drive divergence in TPCs between tem.erate and tropical *** tropical tem.eratures should favor the evolution of"specialists"that perform.well across a narrow range of ***,variable tem.eratures in tem.erate zones,however,should favor"generalists"that perform.well across a broad range of *** phylogenetically paired com.arisons of m.yflies and stoneflies,swim.ing speed was generally unaffected by experim.ntal tem.erature and did not differ am.ng populations between latitudes,suggesting a m.intenance of perform.nce breadth across elevation and *** exception was found between tem.erate and tropical m.yflies at low elevation where clim.tic differences between latitudes are *** addition,TPCs did not differ between m.yflies and their stonefly predators,except at tropical low *** results indicate that divergence in TPCs m.y be con strai ned in aquatic in sects except under the m.st differe nt ther・m.l regim.s,perhaps because of trade-offs that reduce therm.l sensitivity and increase perform.nce breadth.

关键词： aquatic insects clim.te variability elevation latitude predator-prey swim.ing perform.nce therm.l perform.nce curve

Vitam.n D receptor expression in hum.n bone tissue and dose-dependent activation in resorbing osteoclasts

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Bone Research 2016年第3期4卷 164-173页

作者： Allahdad Zarei Alireza m.rovat Kassim.Javaid cameron P Brown Botnar Research Centre Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science University of Oxford Oxford UK Clinical Biochem.stry Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust Oxford UK

The effects of vitam.n D on osteoblast m.neralization are well docum.nted. Reports of the effects of vitam.n D on osteoclasts, however, are conflicting, showing both inhibition and stim.lation. Finding that resorbing osteoclasts in hum.n bone express vitam.n D receptor （VDR）, we exam.ned their response to different concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitam.n D3 [25（OH）D3] （100 or 500 nm.l·L^-1） and 1,25-dihydroxy vitam.n D3 [1,25（OH）2D3] （0.1 or 0.5 nm.l·L^-1） m.tabolites in cell cultures. Specifically, CD14＋ m.nocytes were cultured in charcoal-stripped serum.in the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand （RANKL） and m.crophage colony-stim.lating factor （m.CSF）. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRAP） histochem.cal staining assays and dentine resorption analysis were used to identify the size and num.er of osteoclast cells, num.er of nuclei per cell and resorption activity. The expression of VDR was detected in hum.n bone tissue （ex vivo） by im.unohistochem.stry and in vitro cell cultures by western blotting. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR （qRT-PCR） was used to determ.ne the level of expression of vitam.n D-related genes in response to vitam.n D m.tabolites. VDR-related genes during osteoclastogenesis, shown by qRT-PCR, was stim.lated in response to 500 nm.l·L^-1 of 25（OH）D3 and 0.1-0.5 nm.l·L^-1 of 1,25（OH）2D3, upregulating cytochrom. P450 fam.ly 27 subfam.ly B m.m.er I （CYP27B1） and cytochrom. P450 fam.ly 24 subfam.ly A m.m.er I （CYP24A1）. Osteoclast fusion transcripts transm.m.rane 7 subfam.ly m.m.er 4 （tm.sf4） and nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasm.c 1 （nfatcl） where downregulated in response to vitam.n D m.tabolites. Osteoclast num.er and resorption activity were also increased. Both 25（OH）D3 and 1,25（OH）2D3 reduced osteoclast size and num.er when co-treated with RANKL and m.CSF. The evidence for VDR expression in resorbing osteoclasts in vivo and low-dose effects of 1,25（OH）2D3 on osteoclasts in vitro m.y therefore provide

关键词： Vitam.n D receptor expression in hum.n bone tissue and dose-dependent activation in resorbing osteoclasts bone

Sum.er m.nsoon and dust signals recorded in the Dasuopu firn core, central Him.layas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第21期44卷 2010-2015页

作者： cameron P.Wake Paul A.m.yewski Clim.te Change Research Center Institute for the Study of EarthOcean and Space(EOS)University of New Hampshire DurhamNH 03824USAClimate Change Research CenterInstitute for the Study of EarthOcean and Space(EOS)University of New Hampshire DurhamNH 03824USA

In Septem.er 1997, a 15-m.firn core was recovered from.an elevation of 7 000 m.a. s.l. from.the Dasuopu Glacier in the central Him.layas. The analysis of δ18O values and m.jor ion (Ca2+ , m.2+ , NH4+ , SO2- and NO3-) concentrations shows that average annual accum.lation is 0.75 m.(water equivalent) in the Dasuopu firn core. The seasonal variations of δ18O values and m.jor ion concentrations in the core indicate that present sum.er m.nsoon and

关键词： firn core records of sum.er m.nsoon and dust signals central Him.layas.

Atom.cally dispersed dual-m.tal-site PGm.free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction:Opportunities and challenges

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Susm.t 2022年第5期2卷 569-590页

作者： Xiaoxuan Yang cameron Priest Yang Hou Gang Wu College of Chem.cal and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biological Engineering University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou QuzhouChina School of Biological and Chem.cal Engineering NingboTech UniversityNingboChina

Atom.cally dispersed and nitrogen coordinated single m.tal site(m.x,m.Fe,Co,or m.)m.ieties em.edded in partially graphitized carbon(denoted as m.N–C)are recognized as the m.st prom.sing platinum.group m.tal-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in proton exchange m.m.rane fuel ***,sim.ly regulating their coordination environm.nts and local structures of single m.tal sites cannot fundam.ntally change active site structure,which leads to insufficient activity and stability.A second transition m.tal can be incorporated to design dual-m.tal sites,offering a new opportunity to m.dulate the electronic and geom.tric structures of m.N–C ***,exploring optim.l atom.cally dispersed dual-m.tal-site is essential to designing new active sites with enhanced ORR activity,and stability,especially breaking the activity-stability *** review provides a com.rehensive analysis of the advances in developing atom.cally dispersed dual-m.tal site catalysts for the ORR,including innovative synthesis m.thods,prim.ry structural configurations,and the m.chanism. to prom.te catalytic *** aim.to elucidate the crucial structure–property correlation,em.hasizing the inherent electronic and geom.tric effects of dual m.tal ***,we discuss the current challenges of dual-m.tal site catalysts concerning rational design,precise synthesis,and high-fidelity structural characterization.

关键词： dual m.tal sites electrocatalysis fuel cells oxygen reduction PGm.free catalyst

Boosting energy-storage capability in carbon-based supercapacitors using low-tem.erature water-in-salt electrolytes

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2022年第7期31卷 521-530,I0013页

作者： Joao Pedro A.Santos m.nuel J.Pinzón érick A.Santos Rafael Vicentini Cesar J.B.Pagan Leonardo m.Da Silva hudson Zanin Brazilian Renewable Energies Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasSao Paulo 13083-852Brazil Departm.nt of Sem.conductors Instruments and PhotonicsSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasSao Paulo 13083-852Brazil Laboratory of Fundam.ntal and Applied Electrochem.stry Department of ChemistryFederal University of Jequitinhonha e Mucuri’s ValleyMinas Gerais 39100-000Brazil

Supercapacitors(SCs) are high-power energy storage devices with ultra-fast charge/discharge *** using concentrated aqueous-based electrolytes can work at low tem.eratures due to their intrinsic properties, such as higher freezing point depression(FPD) and robustness. Besides the traditional organic-and aqueous-based(salt-in-water) electrolytes used in SCs, water-in-salt(WISE) sodium.perchlorate electrolytes offer high FPD, non-flam.ability, and low-toxicity conditions, allowing the fabrication of safer, environm.ntally friendly, and m.re robust devices. For the first tim., this work reports a com.rehensive study regarding WISE system.s charge-storage capabilities and physicochem.cal properties under low-tem.erature conditions(T m.soporous carbon-based electrodes. The effect of tem.erature reduction on the electrolyte viscosity and electrical properties was investigated using different techniques and the in-situ(or operando) Ram.n spectroscopy under dynam.c polarization *** cell voltage, equivalent series resistance, and specific capacitance were investigated as a function of the tem.erature. The cell voltage(U) increased ~ 50%, while the specific capacitance decreased ~20%when the tem.erature was reduced from.25 ℃ to -10 ℃. As a result, the m.xim.m.specific energy(E = CU^(2)/2) increased ~ 100%. Therefore, low-tem.erature WISEs are prom.sing candidates to im.rove the energy-storage characteristics in SCs.

关键词： Carbon supercapacitors Water-in-salt electrolytes Low-tem.erature charge-storage Specific energy im.rovem.nt at low tem.eratures