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Immunohistochemical Profile of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 in Gastric Cancer in Rwanda

Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第11期12卷 336-346页

作者： Elisée Hategekimana Déogratias Ruhangaza Christian Hansen Emile Musoni Belson Rugwizangoga Kelsey Hammel Rosen Daniel Gustavo Djibril Mbarushimana Theoneste Nizeyimana Theogene Twagirumugabe Jules Ndoli Felicité Mukamana Christian Ngarambe Emmanuel Habimana callie weber Department of Pathology University Teaching Hospital of Butare Huye Rwanda Department of Pathology Butaro District Hospital Burera Rwanda Department of Pathology Community Hospital of the Monteley Peninsula California USA University Teaching Hospital of Kigali Department of Pathology University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Department of Pathology Baylor College of Medicine Texas USA University Teaching Hospital of Butare Department of Anesthesia University of Rwanda Huye Rwanda Department of Ophthalmology University Teaching Hospital of Butare Huye Rwanda Department of Surgery University Teaching Hospital of Butare Huye Rwanda Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Teaching Hospital of Butare Huye Rwanda Administration Department Bioventures for Global Health Seattle USA

Background: Of the cancers diagnosed in Rwanda, stomach cancer is one of the most encountered. In fact, Rwanda belongs to the region where it is most incident in Africa. Most of the patients present with advanced disease. Studies showed that some gastric cancers overexpress Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2/neu) protein and can be treated with Herceptin/Tras-tuzumab. This targeted therapy improves survival in patients with advanced disease. We conducted a study on Immunohistochemical profile of HER2/neu in gastric adenocarcinomas at two main Rwandan tertiary centers. Methodology: We tested for HER2/NEU in gastric adenocarcinomas diagnosed at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) and University Teaching Hospital of Butare (CHUB). Demographic and pathologic parameters were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for HER2/neu using c-erb/HER-2/neu (clone SP3) Rabbit Monoclonal antibody was done. Using the guidelines established by Hoffman et al., the agreed score between 2 Rwandan pathologists and 1 USA pathologist was considered each time. Data were entered and statistically analyzed using SPSS 22. Descriptive statistical analysis method was used. P-value calculated with Chi-square analysis for positive vs negative and equivocal negative to correlate HER2/neu overexpression with other variables across both hospitals. Results: A total of 286 cases were tested. HER2/neu overexpression (score 3+ or positive) was found in 29 cases (10.1%). 8 cases (2.8%) were equivocal negative (score 2+) while 249 cases (87.1%) were negative (score 0 and 1+). Conclusion: HER2/neu is overexpressed in a subset of gastric cancers in Rwanda, a phenomenon that has been reported in other areas of the world. Testing for HER2/neu could identify patients who would get a targeted treatment with Herceptin.

关键词： Gastric Cancer Rwanda HER2 Immunohistochemistry

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Size-dependent locomotory performance creates a behaviorally mediated prey size refuge in the marine snail Olivella sem istriata:a study in the natural habitat

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 57-62页

作者： callie A.VEELENTURF Winfried S.PETERS Biology Department Purdue University Fort WayneFort WayneIN 46805USA Goldring-Gund Marine Biology Station Playa GrandeSanta CruzGuanacasteCosta Rica School of Biological Sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

The effects of the variability of individual prey locomotory performance on the vulnerability to predation are poorly understood,partly because individual performance is difficult to determine in natural *** gain insights into the role(s)of individual variation in predatory relationships,we study a convenient model system,the neotropical sandy beach gastropod Olivella semistriata and its main predator,the carnivorous snail Agaronia *** largest size class of *** is known to be missing from ***'s spectrum of subdued prey,although the predator regularly captures much larger individuals of other *** resolve this conundrum,we analyzed predation attempts in the *** *** attacked *** of all sizes,large prey specimens usually escaped by'sculling',an accelerated,stepping mode of *** semistriata performed sculling locomotion regardless of size,but sculling velocities determined in the natural environment increased strongly with ***,growth in size as such does not establish a prey size refuge in which *** is safe from ***,a behaviorally mediated size refuge is created through the size-dependence of sculling *** together,this work presents a rare quantitative characterization in the natural habitat of the causal sequence from the size-dependence of individual performance,to the prey size-dependent outcome of predation attempts,to the size bias in the predator's prey spectrum.

关键词： Escape response Prey size refuge Locomotory performance Predator-prey size ratio Olivella semistriata Agaronia propatula

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Vegetation change as related to terrain factors at two glacier forefronts, Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第1期17卷 1-15页

作者： callie B.LAMBERT Lynn M・RESLER Yang SHAO David R.BUTLER Department of Geography Virginia Tech220 Stanger StreetBlacksburgVA24061USA Texas State University Department of GeographySan MarcosTX 78666USA

Glacier recession is a globally occurring trend. Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especially using geospatial technologies. Here, vegetation change at two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park, Montana, *** quantified through remote sensing analysis,fieldwork validation, and statistical ***, we assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of landcover change at the two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park and determined the role of selected biophysical terrain factors(elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, and surficial geology) on vegetation change(from nonvegetated to vegetated cover) at the deglaciated *** imagery of the study locations in 1991, 2003,and 2015 were classified and validated using visual interpretation. Model results revealed geographic differences in biophysical correlates of vegetation change between the study areas, suggesting that terrain variation is a key factor affecting spatialtemporal patterns of vegetation change. At Jackson Glacier forefront, increases in vegetation over some portion or all of the study period were negatively associated with elevation, slope angle, and consolidated bedrock. At Grinnell Glacier forefront,increases in vegetation associated negatively with elevation and positively with solar *** geospatial and field approaches to the study of vegetation change in recently deglaciated terrain are recommended to understand and monitor processes and patterns of ongoing habitat change in rapidly changing mountain environments.

关键词： Land cover change Physical geography Glacial forefronts Vegetation change Glacier National Park Terrain factors

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Endosomal trafficking defects in patient cells with KIAA1109 biallelic variants

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第1期6卷 56-67页

作者： Megan S.Kane callie J.Diamonstein Natalie Hauser John F.Deeken John E.Niederhuber Thierry Vilboux Inova Translational Medicine Institute Inova Health SystemFairfaxVAUnited States Department of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUnited States Department of Public Health Sciences University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUnited States Department of Oncology and Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUnited States

The uncharacterized gene KIAA1109 has recently been associated with a congenital neurological malformation disorder that variably presents with arthrogryposis,craniofacial and/or cardiac *** have identified two additional patients with compound heterozygous KIAA1109 variants presenting with the same neurological *** mechanism whereby KIAA1109 loss of function causes this spectrum of disorders was the primary focus of our *** hypothesized that KIAA1109 function could be conserved relative to the fly gene tweek and examined endocytosis and endosome recycling in patient ***,we examined the structure of the cytoskeleton and cilia based on functional overlap with endocytosis and several known etiologies for neuronal migration *** primary dermal fibroblasts from one patient and a healthy donor,we performed immunofluorescence and endocytosis assays to examine the endosomal,cytoskeletal,and ciliary cellular *** found notable abnormalities in endosomal trafficking and endosome recycling *** also observed changes in the actin cytoskeleton and cilia structural *** conclude that the function of KIAA1109 in humans may indeed overlap with the function of the Drosophila ortholog,resulting in perturbations to endosomal trafficking and the actin *** alterations have ripple effects,altering many pathways that are critical for proper neuronal migration and embryonic development.

关键词： Cilia Endocytosis KIAA1109 Neurological malformation Vesicular trafficking

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A preliminary analysis of the response of an avian community to silvicultural treatments in the southern Cumberland Plateau, Alabama, USA

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第3期1卷 126-129页

作者： Yong WANG Adrian ALESAK Zachary FELIX callie Jo SCHWEITZER Center for Forestry and Ecology Department of Plant and Soil ScienceAlabama A&M UniversityNormalAlabamaUSA Ecology and Management of Southern Appalachian Hardwoods Southern Research StationForest Service of the Department of AgricultureNormalAlabamaUSA

We simulated a shelterwood forest regeneration treatment by reducing basal area,and monitored the response of an avian community in oak–hickory forest on the southern Cumberland Plateau,northern Alabama,*** used five treatments:control(no removal),clear-cut(100%removal),and 25,50,and 75%removal of basal *** mapping was used to quantify bird community between mid-April and July of both 2002 and *** variables were recorded at each *** residual basal area and canopy cover showed three distinct conditions after treatment:closed canopy,open forest,and *** microclimate varied among treatments:air temperature was highest in clear-cut plots and lowest in control plots,whereas soil moisture had the opposite pattern.A total of 71 bird species were detected,with 36 of them defending *** density,species richness,and Shannon diversity index differed among the treatments;the relationship between these bird community indices and the level of basal area removal was quadratic,lowest in the clear-cut plots and highest in the intermediate *** species richness was similar among the control,25,50,and 75%removal treatments,species composition *** richness difference among treatments became smaller in the second year post-treatment(2003)with an increase in bird density and richness occurring in the clear-cut plots.

关键词： avian community biodiversity Cumberland Plateau forestry silviculture

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Responses of early-successional songbirds to a two-stage shelterwood harvest for oak forest regeneration

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Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 253-263页

作者： Eric L.Margenau Yong Wang callie J.Schweitzer BrANDie K.Stringer Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Alabama A&M University West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit School of Natural Resources West Virginia University Southern Research Station United States Forest Service

Background: The early stage of forest succession following disturbance is characterized by a shift in songbird composition as well as increased avian richness due to increased herbaceous growth in the forest understory. However, regeneration of woody species eventually outcompetes the herbaceous understory, subsequently shifting vegetation communities and decreasing availability of vital foraging and nesting cover for disturbance-dependent birds, ultimately resulting in their displacement. These early stages following forest disturbance, which are declining throughout the eastern United States, are ephemeral in nature and birds depend on such disturbances for nesting and other purposes throughout their ***: We investigated the use of a two-stage shelterwood method to manage long-term persistence of seven early successional songbirds over a 13-year period in an upland hardwood forest within the southern end of the midCumberland Plateau in the eastern United ***: Canopy and midstory gaps created after initial harvest were quickly exploited by tree growth and canopy cover returned to these areas, accelerating the displacement of early-successional species. Woody stem densities increased substantially following stage two harvest as advanced tree regeneration combined with the re-opening of the overstory layer increased resource competition for early-successional plants in the understory. Carolina Wren(Thryothorus ludovicianus), Eastern Towhee(Pipilo erythrophthalmus), Indigo Bunting(Passerina cyanea), and Yellowbreasted Chat(Icteria virens) were characterized by immediate increases following initial harvest in 2001; while the American Goldfinch(Spinus tristis), Prairie Warbler(Setophaga discolor), and White-eyed Vireo(Vireo griseus) did not show an immediate response. Stage two harvest in 2011 rejuvenated vegetation which benefitted focal species, with six of seven species showing increases in densities between 2010 and ***: The two-stag

关键词： Early-successional forests Mid-Cumberland Plateau Silviculture Shelterwood Songbird community

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解锁水危机的新技能

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WTO经济导刊 2018年第4期 45-46页

作者： callie Stinson 世界经济论坛水项目

全球水危机和卫生问题已经不是一个新话题了。每一次世界水日,我们都在回顾我们日益熟悉的、令人顿时从眼前的生活中清醒的统计数据:到2050年,全球用水供应与用水需求之间的鸿沟将扩大到40%。我们还需要为水资源基础设施建设投入数十亿... 详细信息

全球水危机和卫生问题已经不是一个新话题了。每一次世界水日,我们都在回顾我们日益熟悉的、令人顿时从眼前的生活中清醒的统计数据:到2050年,全球用水供应与用水需求之间的鸿沟将扩大到40%。我们还需要为水资源基础设施建设投入数十亿美元。45亿的人口仍旧无法获得安全管理的卫生服务。水危机的现实已经连续7年在各项潜在影响方面名列全球各项危机之首。

关键词：水危机第四次工业革命区块链

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Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among central retinal artery occlusion patients:A case series-HORA study report No.3

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Journal of Acute Disease 2021年第4期10卷 147-149页

作者： Sunny,Chi Lik Au callie,Ka Li Ko Department of Ophthalmology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology Tung Wah Eastern HospitalHong KongChina

Introduction:COVID-19 patients are susceptible to hypercoagulability,thromboembolic,and vasculitis state;central retinal artery occlusion(CRAO)could be caused by hyperviscosity syndrome,thromboembolic accidents,and *** case reports are correlating CRAO with COVID-19 *** case series aims to reveal the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among CRAO patients under the COVID-19 ***:Medical records of all CRAO patients who attended our tertiary referral hospital,during COVID-19 local outbreak(March to November 2020),were *** tract samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by the validated Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 *** patients were able to cooperate,oropharyngeal saliva samples were ***,nasopharyngeal and deep throat swabs were taken by registered ***:A total of 15 CRAO patients(7 males,8 females)were identified during the 9-month study *** mean age was 72.1-years(range 45-88 year).None of the patients were infected by SARS-CoV-2 before their CRAO disease *** patients had a history of CRAO over the contralateral *** patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 up to their last follow-up(mean 255.4 days,range 152-341 days).Without any COVID-19 positive case,correlation statistical tests on SARS-CoV-2 infection and CRAO were not ***:Some of the presumed COVID-19 related CRAO cases may be just coincident with at-risk patients,as COVID-19 is prevalent across the *** in-depth research,with adjustment to known confounding risk factors,is needed to establish a genuine correlation.

关键词： COVID-19 Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Retinal artery occlusion Central retinal artery occlusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

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黄土高原蔡家川林场森林质量评价

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林业科学 2010年第9期46卷 7-13页

作者：王乃江张文辉同金霞范少辉陆元昌 callie Jo Schweitzer 西北农林科技大学林学院西部环境与生态教育部重点实验室杨凌712100 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所北京100091 国际竹藤网络中心北京100102 美国农业部林务局南方站阿拉巴马州35762

在综合考虑林分结构、群落演替特征和林地生产力水平的基础上,应用层次分析方法,以陕西延安市黄龙山林业局蔡家川林场为例,构建天然次生林森林质量评价模型和指标体系,得到油松林、辽东栎林、白桦林、油松-辽东栎混交林、油松-白桦混交... 详细信息

在综合考虑林分结构、群落演替特征和林地生产力水平的基础上,应用层次分析方法,以陕西延安市黄龙山林业局蔡家川林场为例,构建天然次生林森林质量评价模型和指标体系,得到油松林、辽东栎林、白桦林、油松-辽东栎混交林、油松-白桦混交林和辽东栎-白桦混交林的综合质量评分值。结果表明:采用森林结构、演替趋势和林地生产力3大类8个评价指标(郁闭度、物种丰富度、均匀度、枯枝落叶厚度、乔木蓄积量、灌草生物量、幼苗数量及优势种幼树幼苗与乔木数量之比)可以较为全面地反映该地区次生林质量状况,森林结构对森林质量影响较大,群落演替状况次之,林地生产力影响较小,评价指标对森林质量的贡献值由大到小依次为林分郁闭度0.3562,枯枝落叶厚度0.2116,优势种幼树幼苗与乔木数量之比0.1305,均匀度0.1058,乔木蓄积量0.0826,物种丰富度0.0644,幼苗数量0.0372,灌草生物量0.0118;天然林保护工程实施10多年来,蔡家川林场林分综合得分值28.0～92.2,接近一半的森林处于较好水平,质量差和较差的林分极少,油松、辽东栎及油松-辽东栎天然次生林质量相对较好,林分综合得分值65～73,而白桦林、辽东栎-白桦混交林和油松-白桦混交林的林分质量较差,综合评分值均低于60.00;该评价方法操作简单,可以解决森林质量评价中的量化问题,评价模型和指标体系可以在黄土高原其他地区的次生林质量评价中借鉴和应用。

关键词：森林质量评价层次分析法次生林黄土高原

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网络时代,分手也难

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新东方英语（中英文版） 2014年第11期 38-41页

作者： callie Schweitzer Lily

网络时代，分手不再是两个人的事情，而变成了一种公开的关系脱离。首先，社交媒体中发布的照片、文字不再与那个人相关，之前的“秀恩爱”也变得有些空洞和讽刺：之后，社交网络中的每一位“观众”会慢慢发现这种变化，逐渐参悟两人分... 详细信息

网络时代，分手不再是两个人的事情，而变成了一种公开的关系脱离。首先，社交媒体中发布的照片、文字不再与那个人相关，之前的“秀恩爱”也变得有些空洞和讽刺：之后，社交网络中的每一位“观众”会慢慢发现这种变化，逐渐参悟两人分手的事实。个人信息的分享使幸福时刻更加甜蜜，却也让心碎时刻更加沉重。

关键词：网络时代个人信息社交网络公开

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