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Hierarchical control Strategy for Load Regulation Based on Stackelberg Game Theory considering Randomness

cSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 929-941页

作者： Tingyu Jiang Ping Ju c.Y.chung Yuzhong Gong college of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong CF624China department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada cSEE IEEE

demand response has been recognized as a valuable functionality of power systems for mitigating power *** paper proposes a hierarchical control strategy among the distribution system operator(DSO),load aggregators(las),and thermostatically controlled loads(TcLs);the strategy includes a scheduling layer and an executive layer to provide load *** the scheduling layer,the DSO(leader)offers compensation price(cP)strategies,and the las(followers)respond to cP strategies with available regulation power(ARP)*** of the DSO and las are modeled according to their behaviors during the load regulation *** game is adopted to capture interactions among the players and leader and to obtain the optimal strategy for each participant to achieve ***,considering inevitable random factors in practice,e.g.,renewable generation and behavior of users,two different stochastic models based on sample average approximation(SAA)and parameter modification are formulated with improved scheduling *** the executive layer,distributed TcLs are triggered based on strategies determined in the scheduling layer.A self-triggering method that does not violate user privacy is presented,where TcLs receive external signals from the LA and independently determine whether to alter their operation *** simulations are performed on the modified IEEE-24 bus system to verify effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： demand response hierarchical control load regulation self-triggering method Stackelberg game

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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： J.Penas A.Bembibre D.cortina-Gil L.Martin A.Reija c.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Laboratorio laser de Aceleracion y Aplicaciones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y Dpto.de Didactica de la Matematica y de las ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular(I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are *** assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration multi-shot operation proton source target assembly

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Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： Mery L.SUNI Giovana P.VADILLO césar ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA Letty SALINAS M.Estela PONcE Paul M.RAMSAY Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru department of chemical and Biological Sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

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Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.debele Soheila Khalili christos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea calvillo Shi-Jie cao Frederic coulon Jill L.Edmondson David Fletcher Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai Guo Matthew c.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann Giuliano Maselli Locosselli Shelagh K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli christopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones Global centre for clean Air Research(GcARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK department of Psychiatry and Nuffield department of Primary care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA departments of Architecture&civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate ***,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air *** many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are *** systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their *** screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main *** GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling ***,several other GBGI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RcP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and cfb to cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current GBGI in the *** the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future *** global GBGI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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The Drought of Amazonia in 2023-2024

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American Journal of climate change 2024年第3期13卷 567-597页

作者： Jose A. Marengo Ana P. cunha Jhan-carlo Espinoza Rong Fu Jochen Schöngart Juan c. Jimenez Mabel c. costa Joao M. Ribeiro Sly Wongchuig Siyu Zhao National center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters/cEMAdeN So Jos dos Campos Brazil UNESP/cEMAdeN So Jos dos Campos Brazil Graduate School of International Studies Korea University Seoul South Korea Institut des Gosciences de lEnvironnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Dvelopement (IRD) Saint Martin dHeres France Instituto de Investigacin sobre la Enseanza de las Matemticas (IREM PUcP) Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per Lima Peru department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA departament of Environmental Dynamics Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia (INPA) Manaus Brazil Global change Unit (GcU) of the Image Processing Laboratory (IPL) Universitat de Valncia Estudi General (UVEG) Paterna Spain Laboratoire detudes en Gophysique et Ocanographie Spatiales (LEGOS) Universit de Toulouse CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3 Toulouse France

The Amazon basin has experienced an extreme drought that started in the austral summer of 2022-23 and extends into 2024. This drought started earlier than other previous droughts. Although some rain fell during the austral summer, totals remained below average. Higher temperatures during austral winter and spring 2023, which affected most of central South America, then aggravated drought conditions. This coincided with an intense El Niño and abnormally warm tropical North Atlantic Ocean temperatures since mid-2023. decreased rainfall across the Amazon basin, negative anomalies in evapotranspiration (derived from latent heat) and soil moisture indicators, as well as increased temperatures during the dry-to-wet transition season, September-October-November (SON) 2023, combined to delay the onset of the wet season in the hydrological year 2023-24 by nearly two months and caused it to be uncharacteristically weak. SON 2023 registered a precipitation deficit of the order of 50 to 100 mm/month, and temperatures +3˚c higher than usual in Amazonia, leading to reduced evapotranspiration and soil moisture indicators. These processes, in turn, determined an exceptionally late onset and a lengthening of the dry season, affecting the 2023-2024 hydrological year. These changes were aggravated by a heat wave from June to december 2023. Drought-heat compound events and their consequences are the most critical natural threats to society. River levels reached record lows, or dried up completely, affecting Amazonian ecosystems. Increased risk of wildfires is another concern exacerbated by these conditions.

关键词： El Niño SST in the Tropical Atlantic Amazon Drought River Levels Heatwave Dry Season Length

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Refractive outcomes after V4c Toric collamer lens implantation over 1y of follow-up

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1322-1330页

作者： Humberto carreras-Díaz Josefina Reñones de Abajo María del Rosario carreras-Díaz Amalia Lorente-Velázquez Vithas Eurocanarias Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35004Spain University Hospital of Girona Doctor Josep Trueta Gerona 17007Spain departament of Optometry and Vision Faculty of Optics and OptometryComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain

AIM:To evaluate refractive outcomes and corneal astigmatism changes after Toric implantable collamer lens with a central port(V4c T-IcL)implantation over 1y of ***:A retrospective study was performed including 50 eyes of 50 patients that underwent V4c T-IcL ***(UDVA)and corrected(cDVA)distance visual acuities,refraction,refractive and corneal astigmatism changes and corneal coupling correction were evaluated preoperatively,1 and 12mo *** analysis was used for astigmatism *** of adjustment(cAdj)was calculated for corneal coupling ***:The mean UDVA achieved was 0.03 logMAR at 1mo and remained unchanged throughout the whole follow-up(P=0.193).At the last visit,84%of the eyes achieved a cDVA of 0.00 logMAR or *** spherical equivalent refraction(SEQ),96%of eyes were ranges of±1.00 D and 84%of them within±0.50 ***,94%of eyes had a remaining refractive cylinder within±1.00 D and 78%of them within±0.50 ***,SEQ and refractive cylinder,remain stable over the postoperative follow-up(P=1.000 and P=0.660,respectively).In terms of surgically induced astigmatism(SIA),no statistically significant differences were found over the follow-up(P=0.102)and under correction was found with a correction index lower than the unit at each visit.A keratometric astigmatism induced of 0.59±0.53(vector mean:0.26×73º)D was reached at the last *** significant changes in terms of corneal astigmatism orientation were reported over post-surgery visits(P=0.129 and P=0.097 at 1 and 12mo respectively).No clinical significance was found for cAdj on with-the-rule *** postoperative complications resulting from the surgery were ***:Refractive outcomes suggest that the V4c T-IcL implantation for correction of myopic astigmatism was satisfactory in terms of effectiveness,safety,and stability during 1y of *** astigmatism induced by the incision around 0.5 D is achieved

关键词： V4c Toric collamer lens corneal astigmatism surgically induced astigmatism corneal coupling

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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期 91-98页

作者： J.Pe?as A.Bembibre D.cortina-Gil L.Martín A.Reija c.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio Láser de Aceleración y Aplicaciones RIAIDT Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas y Dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las ciencias Experimentales Universidad de Salamanca Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are introduced. The assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser irradiations. The automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target, which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel, enables operation at rates up to 10 Hz. Stable and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated, with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

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An international guideline with six personalised titration schedules for preventing myocarditis and pneumonia associated with clozapine

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General Psychiatry 2022年第3期35卷 157-162页

作者： Jose de Leon can-Jun Ruan Georgios Schoretsanitis christopher Rohde Elif Anıl Yağcıoğlu Trino Baptista Oleg O Kirilochev c.rlos de las c.evas christoph U correll Mental Health Research center Eastern State HospitalLexingtonKentuckyUSA 2 Biomedical Research Centre in Mental Health Net(CIBERSAM)Hospital Santiago ApóstolVitoria-GasteizSpain 3 Laboratory of Clinical PsychopharmacologyBeijing An Ding HospitalBeijingChina 4 The National Clinical Research Centre for Mental Disorders&Beijing Key Lab of Mental DisordersBeijing An Ding HospitalBeijingChina 5 PsychiatryUniversity of ZürichZurichSwitzerland 6 Psychiatry ResearchZucker Hillside HospitalGlen OaksNew YorkUSA 7 Affective DisordersAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark 8 Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversitetAarhusDenmark 9 PsychiatryHacettepe UniversitesiAnkaraTurkey 10PhysiologyLos Andes University Medical SchoolMeridaBolivarian Republic of Venezuela 11Clinical PharmacologyAstrakhan State Medical UniversityAstrakhanAstrahanskaâRussian Federation 12Department of Internal MedicineDermatology and Psychiatry and Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia(IUNE)Universidad de La LagunaLa LagunaSpain 13Child and Adolescent PsychiatryCharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

White blood cell(WBc)monitoring has reduced clozapinetreated patient deaths associated with agranulocytosis to a ***,clozapine protocols and package inserts worldwide provide no instructions for preventing myocarditis or pneumonia during clozapine *** worldwide are largely unaware of ***,as they worry about agranulocytosis,their clozapine-treated patients are at risk of dying from pneumonia or ***,an international guideline with 104 authors from 50 countries/regions was recently published to provide personalised clozapine titration schedules for adult *** forum article reviews pneumonia and myocarditis occurring during clozapine titration,as well as the three most innovative aspects of this new guideline:(1)personalised titration,(2)c reactive protein(cRP)measures,and(3)dose predictions based on blood *** metabolism is influenced by 3 levels of complexity:(1)ancestry groups,(2)sex-smoking subgroups,and(3)presence/absence of poor metabolizer *** 3 groups of variables should determine the maintenance dose and speed of clozapine titration;they are summarised in a table in the *** international clozapine titration guideline recommends measuring cRP levels simultaneously with WBc,at baseline and weekly at least for the first 4 weeks of titration,the highest risk period for clozapine-induced myocarditis.

关键词： titration subgroups absence

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The BRIcS council for Exercise and Sport Science(BRIcScESS)--A new era has dawned

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 425-428页

作者： Ricardo R.Uvinha Nara R.c.de Oliveira J.Hans de Ridder Ming-Kai chin J.Larry Durstine School of Arts Sciences and HumanitiesGraduate Program in Physical Activity SciencesUniversity ofSao PauloSao Paulo 03828-000Brazil department of Human Movement Sciences Federal University of Sao PauloSantos 11015-020Brazil Physical Activity Sport and Recreation（PhASRec）Focus AreaNorth-West University Potchefstroom CampusPotchefstroom 2520South Africa The Foundation for Global community Health（GcH） Las VegasNV 89012USA department of Exercise Science University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA corresponding author.E-mail address：ldurstin@mailbox.sc.edu

BRIcS is the acronym for an international association of 5 major emerging national economies： Brazil, Russia, India, china, and South *** to the World Economic Forum, the BRIcS economies are the most competitive among all cotmtries and are distinguished by their significant regional and global influence. The health and wellness of the people within these countries is a primary agenda item of these governments for connecting their fast economic growth and the need to provide a better quality of life. As of 2015, BRIcS countries represent 〉3.6 billion people or one-half of the world population. All 5 countries are members of the top 25 countries of the world by population and 4 of these cotmtries make the top 10 on this list.

关键词：国民经济世界经济世界人口国际协会缩略词地区性竞争力影响区

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Mixtures of Distributions and Volatility

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Journal of Statistical Science and Application 2016年第4期4卷 179-189页

作者： Juan c.rlos Abril Maria de las Mercedes Abril c.rlos Ismael Martinez Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de ciencias Economicas and consejo Nacional de Investigaciones cientificas y Tecnicas (cONIcET). Tucuman. Argentina.

Using Monte carlo methods we generate time series with the following features： a） series with distributions that are the mix of two normal distributions with different variances, b） series that satisfy volatility models, c） series that satisfy an AR（1） model but with contaminated errors that follow the same distribution as the mixes given in a） and d） series that follow the same distribution as the mixes given in a） but with conditional heterocedasticity. From the analysis we see that it is difficult to identify in practical situations the real generating process of the series. In fact, the processes that come from distribution mixes have many similar characteristics to the ones that satisfy the volatility scheme. We use the corresponding theoretical considerations and also the usual tools in the identifying process of any time series; that is, series graphs, histograms, the corresponding sampling distributions, correlograms and partial correlograms.

关键词： Autoregression contaminated errors Distribution mixes AR(1) models ARcH models Volatility.

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