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Stomatal dynamics are regulated by leaf hydraulic traits and guard cell anatomy in nine true mangrove species

Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 395-405页

作者： Ya-Dong Qie Qi-Wei Zhang Scott A.M.McAdam Kun-Fang cao State Key Laboratory for c.n.ervation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and c.n.ervation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources c.n.ervation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Purdue c.n.er for Plant Biology Department of Botany and Plant PathologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Stomatal regulation is critical for mangroves to survive in the hyper-saline intertidal zone where water stress is severe and water availability is highly ***,very little is known about the stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit(VPD)in mangroves,and its co-ordination with stomatal morphology and leaf hydraulic *** measured the stomatal response to a step increase in VPD in situ,stomatal anatomy,leaf hydraulic vulnerability and pressure-volume traits in nine true mangrove species of five families and collected the data of genome *** aimed to answer two questions:(1)Does stomatal morphology influence stomatal dynamics in response to a high VPD in mangroves?with a c.n.ideration of possible influence of genome size on stomatal morphology;and(2)do leaf hydraulic traits influence stomatal sensitivity to VPD in mangroves?We found that the stomata of mangrove plants were highly sensitive to a step rise in VPD and the stomatal responses were directly affected by stomatal anatomy and hydraulic ***,denser stomata was correlated with faster stomatal closure at high VPD across the species of Rhizophoraceae,and stomata size negatively and vein density positively correlated with genome *** negative leaf osmotic pressure at the full turgor(πo)was related to higher operating steady-state stomatal c.n.uctance(gs);and a higher leaf capacitance(cleaf)and more embolism resistant leaf xylem were associated with slower stomatal responses to an increase in *** addition,stomatal responsiveness to VPD was indirectly affected by leaf morphological traits,which were affected by site salinity and c.n.equently leaf water *** results demonstrate that mangroves display a unique relationship between genome size,stomatal size and vein packing,and that stomatal responsiveness to VPD is regulated by leaf hydraulic traits and stomatal *** work provides a quantitative framework to better understand of stomatal regulation in mangroves

关键词： Stomatal temporal kinetics Vapour-pressure deficit(VPD) Leaf water relations Leaf hydraulic vulnerability Leaf osmotic potential Genome size

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Wood anatomical acclimation in the endemic genus Polylepis in Peruvian Andean forests

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 2986-3000页

作者： Anthony GUERRA Fressia n.AMES-MARTÍnEZ Ernesto c.RODRÍGUEZ-RAMÍREZ Postgraduate Programme in Agronomy/Plant Physiology Department of Biology-Institute of natural Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavras 37203-202Minas Gerais 30000-31999Brazil Laboratory of Biotec.n.logy and Molecular Biology Continental UniversitySan Antonio UrbanizationHuancayo 12000Peru Ecology and Biodiversity Research Programme ANDINUS AssociationMiguel Grau Street 370Huancayo 12000Peru Dendrochronology Laboratory Continental UniversitySan Carlos Avenue 1980Huancayo 12000Peru

Polylepis(Queñua)is a dominant woody plant genus in Andean Puna forests that occurs in a wide range of montane habitats and is ecologically diverse in endemism,which may be particularly threatened by climate *** anatomical traits are essential for understanding how plants adjust their ecophysiological requirements and maximize their resilience,resistance,and recovery to extreme *** the effects of extreme climatic c.n.itions in high altitude ecosystems have been studied extensively,our knowledge is relatively limited to quantitative differences in the main xylem *** address this gap,we assessed the acclimation of wood anatomical traits in six Peruvian Andean Polylepis species with different water availability(semi-dry with high moisture and semiarid with dry winters).We selected hydraulic diameter,vessel density,vessel grouping index,solitary vessel index,vulnerability index,mesomorphy index,vessel element length,fiber length,fiber wall thic.n.ss,fiber lumen diameter,and total fiber diameter that c.n.provide relevant eco-wood anatomical acclimation to hydric *** performed multivariate analysis to determine the leading dimensions of covariation among Polylepis species and climatic *** wood anatomical traits(vessel grouping index,vulnerability index,and fiber wall thic.n.ss)were dissimilar between xeric-and mesic-Polyelpis *** study demonstrates that wood anatomical traits in Peruvian Andean Polylepis species provides high-resolution and long-term eco-wood anatomical signals on how climate oscillations drive the acclimation processes of fiber and vessel *** findings underscore the signific.n.e of xylem hydraulic adjustment to various hydrological environments in Andean puna *** evaluating the effects of drought on wood anatomical characteristics and ecological function,we demonstrate the capacity of tree species to adapt and endure climate-related changes,thereby emphasizing their resilience and ada

关键词： carlquist indices climatic resilience Vessel traits Fiber Functional trait Hydric stress

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newtonian limit of Einstein equation with a cosmological c.n.tant

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chinese Physics c 2024年第10期48卷 264-274页

作者： Li-Fang Li Zhoujian cao Xiaokai He Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China School of Mathematics and Statistics Hunan First Normal UniversityChangsha 410205China

Traditionally,the cosmological c.n.tant has been viewed as dark energy that mimics matter with negative *** that matter with negative energy provides a repulsive force,which fundamentally differs from typical gravitational forces,it has been believed that the cosmological c.n.tant effectively c.n.ributes a repulsive ***,it is important to note that the c.n.ept of gravitational force is valid only within the framework of newtonian *** this study,we demonstrate that the traditional understanding of the gravitational force c.n.ributed by the cosmological c.n.tant is not entirely *** approach involves investigating the newtonian limit of the Einstein equation with a cosmological *** subtleties involved in this analysis are discussed in ***,we find that the effect of the cosmological c.n.tant on newtonian gravity is an attractive force rather than a repulsive one for ordinary *** expected,this corrective force is negligibly ***,our findings may offer a way to distinguish between dark energy and the cosmological c.n.tant,as one c.n.ributes a repulsive force while the other c.n.ributes an attractive force.

关键词： cosmological c.n.tant dark matter Einstein equation newtonian limit dark energy

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Plant type effect overweighs seasonal variation in n-alkanoic acid biomarker on regional Loess Plateau of china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2547-2562页

作者： Jinzhao LIU S.nemiah LADD Jiaju ZHAO Dongna YAn Ding HE Yunning cao Zhisheng An State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China cAS c.n.er for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global change Xi’an 710061China Department of Environmental Sciences University of BaselBasel 4056Switzerland Department of Ocean Science and c.n.er for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macao The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

The effect of plant type on n-alkane biomarker has been widely studied,but the influence of plant type on n-alkanoic acids(n-FAs)has received less *** the effect of the distribution of n-FAs and their hydrogen isotope composition(δ^(2)H_(FA))is critical for interpreting sedimentaryδ^(2)H_(FA)values as proxies of hydroclimate and/or vegetation *** this study,we systematically investigated the distribution ofn-FAs andδ^(2)H_(FA)values across seasons on the chinese Loess Plateau(cLP).Our results showed that there were no signific.n. seasonal differences in n-FAs distribution andδ^(2)H_(FA)values,but there were signific.n. differences inδ^(2)H_(FA)values across plant ***δ^(2)H_(FA)values ranged from-185‰to-125‰in dicots(-161‰±28‰),and from-215‰to-170‰in monocots(-196‰±22‰)on the *** fractionation betweenδ^(2)H_(FA)values and precipitationδ^(2)H(ε_(FA-P))was also^(2)H-enriched in dicots relative to *** the regional scale of the cLP,δ^(2)H_(FA)values were not correlated withδ^(2)H values of ***,δ^(2)H_(FA)values from the cLP were similar to expectations from a global comparison,both in terms of their mean values and high variability among plants growing in sites with similarδ^(2)H values of *** some of this variability inεFA-Pis due to the effect of plant type,a careful assessment of the likely sources of waxes in terrestrial sediments is critical when usingδ^(2)H_(FA)values for paleohydroclimate rec.n.truction.

关键词： n-Alkanoic acid Hydrogen isotope Plant type Paleohydroclimate chinese Loess Plateau

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Phase-engineering modulation of Mn-based oxide cathode for c.n.tructing super-stable sodium storage

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 421-427,I0010页

作者： Quanqing Zhao Ruru Wang Ming Gao Bolin Liu Jianfeng Jia Haishun Wu Youqi Zhu chuanbao cao Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030032ShanxiChina Metals and chemistry Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China Research c.n.er of Materials Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The Mn-based oxide cathode with enriched crystal phase structure and component diversity c.n.provide the excellent chemistry structure for na-ion ***,the broad application prospect is obstructed by the sluggish na^(+)kinetics and the phase transitions upon ***,we establish the thermodynamically stable phase diagram of various Mn-based oxide composites precisely c.n.rolled by sodium c.n.ent tailoring strategy coupling with co-doping and solid-state *** chemical environment of the P2/P'3 and P2/P3 biphasic composites indicate that the charge compensation mechanism stems from the cooperative c.n.ribution of anions and *** from the no phase transition to scavenge the structure strain,P2/P'3 electrode c.n.deliver long cycling stability(capacity retention of 73.8%after 1000 cycles at 10 c)and outstanding rate properties(the discharge capacity of 84.08 mA h g^(-1)at 20 c)than P2/P3 ***,the DFT calculation demonstrates that the introduc.n. novel P'3 phase c.n.signific.n.ly regulate the na^(+)reaction dynamics and modify the local electron c.n.iguration of *** effective phase engineering c.n.provide a reference for designing other high-performance electrode materials for na-ion batteries.

关键词： Sodium ion battery Oxide cathode Phase engineering Phase diagram na~+kinetic

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cr-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements

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nuclear Science and Tec.n.ques 2024年第5期35卷 122-130页

作者： S.Madhu H.c.Manjunatha n.Sowmya B.M.Rajesh L.Seenappa R.S.Susheela Department of Physics R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560074India Visvesvaraya Tec.n.logical University BelagaviKarnataka 590018India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeSrinivasapurKarnataka 563135India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeDevanahallyKarnataka 562110India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeMulbagalKarnataka 563131India Department of Physics Government First Grade collegeNanjangudOoty RoadMysore 571301India

We investigated ^(50,52-54)cr-induced fusion reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy element in the 104≤Z≤122 *** cross sections produced in this investigation using ^(54)cr projectiles were compared with those obtained in prior *** estimated cross sections from this analysis are c.n.istent with the findings of prior *** the current study,the predicted cross section was found to be 42fb at 236 MeV for ^(53)cr+^(243)Am,23.2 fb at 236 MeV for ^(54)cr+^(247)cm,95.6 fb at 240 MeV for ^(53)cr+248Bk,and 1.33 fb at 242 MeV for ^(53)cr+***,these projected cross sections with excitation energy and beam energy will be useful in future cr-induced fusion reaction investigations.

关键词： Fusion cross sections compound nucleus formation probability Survival probability Evaporation residue cross sections

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Pillar effect induced by ultrahigh phosphorous/nitrogen doping enables graphene/MXene film with excellent cycling stability for alkali metal ion storage

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 146-156,I0004页

作者： Meng Qin Yiwei Yao Junjie Mao chi chen Kai Zhu Guiling Wang Dianxue cao Jun Yan Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Tec.n.logy Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials and Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021FujianChina

Graphene's large theoretical surface area and high c.n.uctivity make it an attractive anode material for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).However,its practical application is hindered by small interlayer distance and long ion transfer ***,this paper aims to address the issue by introduc.n. MXene through a simple and scalable method for assembling graphene and realizing ultrahigh P doping *** findings reveal that MXene and P-c bonds have a "pillar effect" on the structure of graphene,and the P-c bond plays a primary *** addition,n/P co-doping introduces abundant defects,providing more active sites for K^(+) storage and facilitating K^(+) *** expected,the developed ultrahigh phosphorous/nitrogen co-doped flexible reduced graphene oxide/MXene(nPrGM) electrode exhibits remarkable reversible discharge capacity(554 mA hg^(-1) at 0.05 A g^(-1)),impressive rate capability(178 mA h g^(-1) at 2 A g^(-1)),and robust cyclic stability(0.0005% decay per cycle after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g^(-1)).Furthermore,the assembled activated carbon‖nPrGM potassium-ion hybrid capacitor(PIHc) c.n.deliver an impressive energy density of 131 W h kg^(-1) and stable cycling performance with 98.1% capacitance retention after5000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).Such a new strategy will effectively promote the practical application of graphene materials in PIBs/PIHcs and open new avenues for the scalable development of flexible films based on two-dimensional materials for potential applications in energy storage,thermal interface,and electromagnetic shielding.

关键词： Graphene MXene Phosphorous doping Pillar effect Potassium-ion batteries

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High-Efficiency Dynamic Sc.n.ing Strategy for Powder Bed Fusion by c.n.rolling Temperature Field of the Heat-Affected Zone

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chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 203-214页

作者： Xiaokang Huang Xiaoyong Tian Qi Zhong Shunwen He c.n.ao Huo Yi cao Zhiqiang Tong Dichen Li State Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049China

Improvement of fabrication efficiency and part performance was the main challenge for the large-scale powder bed fusion(PBF)*** this study,a dynamic monitoring and feedback system of powder bed temperature field using an infrared thermal imager has been established and integrated into a four-laser PBF equipment with a working area of 2000 mm×2000 *** heat-affected zone(HAZ)temperature field has been c.n.rolled by adjusting the sc.n.ing speed ***,the relationship among spot size,HAZ temperature,and part performance has been *** fluctuation of the HAZ temperature in four-laser sc.n.ing areas was decreased from 30.85℃to 17.41℃.Thus,the c.n.istency of the sintering performance of the produced large component has been *** on the c.n.rollable temperature field,a dynamically adjusting strategy for laser spot size was proposed,by which the fabrication efficiency was improved up to 65.38%.The current research results were of great signific.n.e to the further industrial applications of large-scale PBF equipment.

关键词： Powder bed fusion Efficiency Large-scale Spot size Heat-affected zone(HAZ)

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Heterostructured Pt-ni_(3)Mo_(3)n formed via ammonia-c.n.aining polyoxometalates for highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution in acid medium

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 698-704页

作者： Bianqing Ren Xue Gong Jing cao Dezheng Zhang Zizhun Wang Ping Song ce Han Weilin Xu State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical chemistry Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical PowerChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022JilinChina School of Applied chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE School of Materials Science&EngineeringJilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy MaterialsElectron Microscopy Centerand International Center of Future ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina

c.n.tructing heterostructured nanohybrid is c.n.idered as a prominent route to fabricate alternative electrocatalysts to commercial Pt/c for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this work,(nH_(4))_(4)[niH_(6)Mo_(6)O_(4)]·5H_(2)O polyoxometalates(niMo_(6))are adopted as the cluster precursors for simple fabrication of heterostructured Pt-ni_(3)Mo_(3)n nanohybrids supported by carbon black(Pt-ni_(3)Mo_(3)n/c)without using additional n *** improved porosity and enhanced electronic interaction of Pt-ni_(3)Mo_(3)n/c should be attributed to the integration of Pt with niMo_(6),which favors the mass transport,promotes the formation of exposed catalytic sites,and benefits the regulation of intrinsic ***,the as-obtained Pt-ni_(3)Mo_(3)n/c exhibits impressive and durable HER performance as indicated by the low overpotential of 13.7 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) and the stable overpotential during c.n.inuous working at 100 mA cm^(-2) for 100 *** work provides signific.n. insights for the synthesis of new highly active heterostructured electrocatalysts for renewable energy devices.

关键词： Polyoxometalates cluster precursors Heterostructured nanohybrids Hydrogen evolution reaction Electrocatalysis

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Shape and composition evolution of Pt and Pt_(3)M nanocrystals under Hcl chemical etching

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chinese chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 403-407页

作者： Lian Sun Honglei Wang Ming Ma Tingting cao Leilei Zhang Xingui Zhou State Key Laboratory of nBc Protection for civilian Beijing 102205China Science and Tec.n.logy on Advanced ceramic Fibers and composites Laboratory College of Aerospace Science and EngineeringNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of crystal Materials and Institute of crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250100China

c.n.rolling the shape and composition of Pt-based nanocrystals is essential to improve electrocatalytic *** this work,we have carefully investigated the evolution process of morphology and composition for Pt and Pt_(3)M(M=ni,co)nanocrystals by hydrochloric acid(Hcl)*** a result,only Pt_(3)ni nanocrystals successfully formed unsaturated step-like atoms on the surface and then c.n.tructed high-index facets(HIFs),while Pt and Pt_(3)co preserved a good octahedron *** functional theory(DFT)calculation suggests that cl-ions c.n.be tightly adsorbed on the surface of Pt_(3)ni rather than other nanocrystals,which hinders the deposition of newly-reduced atoms and thus regulating the surface ***,the etching of surface transitional metals further accelerates the formation of *** by the active sites on the surface,Hcl-Pt-ni exhibited a~10.8 and~11.3 times higher oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)mass and specific activities than commercial Pt/c catalyst,and possessed a good durability after 10,000 cycles *** work gives a deep insight into the design of high-performance Pt-based ORR catalysts.

关键词： Electrocatalysts nanocrystals Platinum Oxygen reduction reaction DFT calculation

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