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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley cala Mark dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson christine Roffe Else c Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute china at Peking University Health Science center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK centre for clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and comprehensive Stroke center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%cI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%cI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIc⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis Wild-Type and gl3-sst sim Trichomes Identifies Four Additional Genes Required for Trichome Development

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 803-822页

作者： M. David Marks Jonathan R Wenger edward Gilding Ross Jilk Richard A. dixon Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota St Paul MN 551108 USA Department of chemistry University of Wisconsin-River Falls River Falls Wl 54022 USA Plant Biology Division Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Ardmore OK 73401 USA

Transcriptome analyses have been performed on mature trichomes isolated from wild-type Arabidopsis leaves and on leaf trichomes isolated from the g13-sst sim double mutant, which exhibit many attributes of immature trichomes. The mature trichome profile contained many highly expressed genes involved in cell wall synthesis, protein turnover, and abiotic stress response. The most highly expressed genes in the g13-sst sim profile encoded ribosomal proteins and other proteins involved in translation. comparative analyses showed that all but one of the genes encoding transcription factors previously found to be important for trichome formation, and many other trichome-important genes, were preferentially expressed in gl3-sst sim trichomes. The analysis of genes preferentially expressed in gl3-sst sim led to the identification of four additional genes required for normal trichome development. One of these was the HDG2 gene, which is a member of the HD-ZIP IV transcription factor gene family. Mutations in this gene did not alter trichome expansion, but did alter mature trichome cell walls. Mutations in BIT resulted in a loss of trichome branch formation. The relationship between bit and the phenotypically identical mutant, sti, was explored. Mutations in PEL3, which was previously shown to be required for development of the leaf cuticle, resulted in the occasional tangling of expanding trichomes. Mutations in another gene encoding a protein with an unknown function altered trichome branch formation.

关键词： cell wall cell differentiation homeodomain wax trichome

Tunable rainbow light trapping in ultrathin resonator arrays

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 113-121页

作者： Katelyn dixon Arthur O.Montazeri Moein Shayegannia edward S.Barnard Stefano cabrini Naomi Matsuura Hoi-Ying Holman Nazir P.Kherani Department of Electrical&computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G4Canada Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Rd.BerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G4Canada

Rainbow light trapping in plasmonic devices allows for field enhancement of multiple wavelengths within a single ***,many of these devices lack precise control over spatial and spectral enhancement profiles and cannot provide extremely high localised field *** we present a versatile,analytical design paradigm for rainbow trapping in nanogroove arrays by utilising both the groove-width and groove-length as tuning *** couple this design technique with fabrication through multilayer thin-film deposition and focused ion beam milling,which enables the realisation of unprecedented feature sizes down to 5 nm and corresponding extreme normalised local field enhancements up to *** demonstrate rainbow trapping within the devices through hyperspectral microscopy and show agreement between the experimental results and *** combination of expeditious design and precise fabrication underpins the implementation of these nanogroove arrays for manifold applications in sensing and nanoscale optics.

关键词： rainbow trapping arrays

Dystrophic calcification and heterotopic ossification in fibrocartilaginous tissues of the spine in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH)

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Bone Research 2020年第2期8卷 209-218页

作者： Dale E.Fournier Patti K.Kiser Ryan J.Beach S.Jeffrey dixon cheryle A.Séguin Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Physical Therapy) Faculty of Health SciencesThe University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5B9Canada Bone and Joint Institute The University of Western OntarioLondonON N6G 2V4Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5C1Canada Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5C1Canada

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH) is a prevalent noninflammatory spondyloarthropathy characterized by ectopic mineral formation along the anterolateral aspect of the vertebral column, yet little is known about its underlying pathogenesis. Our objective was to evaluate the histopathological features and composition of ectopic mineral within spinal tissues affected by DISH in humans. Thoracic spine segments from six embalmed cadaveric donors(one female and five males;median age 82 years)meeting the radiographic diagnostic criteria for DISH were evaluated using radiological, histological, and physical analyses. Overall,the histological features of ectopic mineralization at individual motion segments were heterogeneous, including regions of heterotopic ossification and dystrophic calcification. Heterotopic ossifications were characterized by woven and lamellar bone,multifocal areas of metaplastic cartilage, and bony bridges along the anterior aspect of the intervertebral disc space. Dystrophic calcifications were characterized by an amorphous appearance, a high content of calcium and phosphorus, an X-ray diffraction pattern matching that of hydroxyapatite, and radiodensities exceeding that of cortical bone. Dystrophic calcifications were found within the anterior longitudinal ligament and annulus fibrosus in motion segments both meeting and not meeting the radiographic criteria for DISH. In summary, our findings indicate that in DISH, ectopic mineral forms along the anterior aspect of the spine by both heterotopic ossification and dystrophic calcification of fibrocartilaginous tissues. Although both types of ectopic mineralization are captured by current radiographic criteria for DISH, dystrophic calcification may reflect a distinct disease process or an early stage in the pathogenesis of DISH.

关键词： DISH ossification calcification

A DNA-Binding Bromodomain-containing Protein Interacts with and Reduces Rx1-Mediated Immune Response to Potato Virus X

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Plant communications 2020年第4期1卷 101-114页

作者： Octavina c.A.Sukarta Philip D.Townsend Alexander Llewelyn christopher H.dixon Erik J.Slootweg Lars-Olof Pålsson Frank L.W.Takken Aska Goverse Martin J.cann Laboratory of Nematology Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University6708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Department of Biosciences Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Biophysical Sciences Institute Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Department of chemistry Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Molecular Plant Pathology Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XH AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Plant NLR proteins enable the immune systemto recognize and respond to pathogen *** early consequence of immune activation is transcriptional *** have been shownto act in the nucleus and interact with transcription *** Rx1 NLR protein of potato binds and distorts doublestranded ***,the components of the chromatin-localized Rx1 complex are largely ***,we report a physical and functional interaction between Rx1 and NbDBcP,a bromodomaincontaining chromatin-interacting *** accumulates in the nucleoplasmand nucleolus,interacts with chromatin,and redistributes Rx1 tothe nucleolus in a subpopulation of imaged ***1 overexpression reduces the interaction between NbDBcP and *** is a negative regulator of Rx1-mediated immune responses to potato virus X(PVX),and this activity requires an intact ***,Rx1 has been shown to regulate the DNA-binding activity of a Golden2-like transcription factor,***1 and NbDBcP act synergistically to reduce NbGlk1 DNA binding,suggesting a mode of action for NbDBcP’s inhibitory effect on *** study provides new mechanistic insight into the mechanism by which a chromatin-localized NLR complex co-ordinates immune signaling after pathogen perception.

关键词： cellular immune response DNA-binding protein host-pathogen interaction plant biochemistry plant defense plant virus

A practical approach to digital electronics

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2000年

作者： Alan c. dixon, James L. Antonakos.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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多次使用的运载火箭结构及材料工艺问题

国外导弹与航天运载器 1990年第12期 34-48页

作者： S.c.dixon 潘蓉

为民用和国防的需要,预定的空间飞行计划对多次使用运载器的结构材料工艺方面需要进行重大的改进;与航天飞机轨道器相比,降低结构重量多达25％或更多一点;飞行寿命可能要提高五倍或更长;外部表面的最高使用温度要进一步提高;保留低温液... 详细信息

为民用和国防的需要,预定的空间飞行计划对多次使用运载器的结构材料工艺方面需要进行重大的改进;与航天飞机轨道器相比,降低结构重量多达25％或更多一点;飞行寿命可能要提高五倍或更长;外部表面的最高使用温度要进一步提高;保留低温液氢、液氧以便多次使用;大大缩减费用开支;并且尽可能地缩短从技术预备到初始工作的时间。除此以外,人们增加了采用高超音速吸气喷气推进系统的兴趣,而这种系统要求采用再生冷却式结构。这些技术问题的提出对结构和材料工艺界是一个挑战,特别是15年来许多工业公司和国防部机构没有研究这些问题,并且国家航宇局基地的研究试验计划得到的支持不够。本文讨论了工艺问题,简要地评述了目前的技术水平,以及要达到技术要求所需要进行的努力。

关键词：运载火箭结构材料工艺

中国西部地区猎隼(Falco cherrug)繁殖生物学与保护

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干旱区地理 2007年第5期30卷 654-659页

作者：马鸣梅宇 Eugene Potapov 吴逸群 Andrew dixon Dimitar Ragyov 徐峰 Nicholas c.Fox 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆乌鲁木齐830011 International Wildlife consultants Ltd CarmarthenWalesUK Institute of Zoology Bulgarian Academy of ScienceSofia 1000Bulgaria

自2001—2006年，中国科学院与英国鸟类研究中心联合对新疆准噶尔盆地和昆仑山、青海玉树地区、西藏那曲地区的猎隼（Falco cherrug）分布状况与繁殖生态进行深入调查。考察行程上万公里。卫星跟踪显示在俄罗斯、蒙古繁殖的猎隼迁往青... 详细信息

自2001—2006年，中国科学院与英国鸟类研究中心联合对新疆准噶尔盆地和昆仑山、青海玉树地区、西藏那曲地区的猎隼（Falco cherrug）分布状况与繁殖生态进行深入调查。考察行程上万公里。卫星跟踪显示在俄罗斯、蒙古繁殖的猎隼迁往青藏高原越冬。但是，实地调查表明，在新-青-藏还有一些繁殖种群；繁殖区的海拔高度从600m，上升至5200m。根据观察，猎隼喜欢沿用旧巢，多数巢属于“垃圾巢”。因为高原缺乏合适的巢材，那些人类遗弃的皮管、铁丝、皮带、破布、汽车零件、骨片、绳子等垃圾充斥于巢穴之中。考察期间，共找到100多只猎隼成鸟、约35个猎隼巢或巢区；分布地点涉及昆仑山脉、准噶尔盆地、卡拉麦里山脉、北塔山、可可西里、唐古拉山脉等，包括新疆奇台、且末、青河、塔城，青海楚玛尔河、五道梁、曲麻菜、雁石坪、玉树，西藏安多、那曲等。猎隼巢址多位于悬崖凹陷处（21个）、河岸砂土洞（5）、桥梁（2）等处；巢高于地面7—30m。通常沿用渡鸦、大鸳、棕尾鸳、金雕的旧巢，有同步繁殖现象。附近有鼠兔、雪雀、地鸦、岩鸽、石鸡、沙鸡等活动。巢区沿着山脉或者丘陵连续分布，巢间距最近2．5km，通常4—8km或更远。在准噶尔盆地其繁殖密度1．1～1．6对／1000km^2。通常4—5月产卵，窝卵数3—5枚；5月上旬和中旬已有部分幼乌出壳。虽然在中国捕捉猎隼现象十分猖獗，但考察结果依然令人振奋。建议中国猎隼研究小组（cSRG）积极开展国际合作，通过卫星跟踪、GPS定位、电子微芯片标记（PIT）、DNA指纹图谱分析、人工猎隼栖架和巢穴招引技术等，不断完善监测手段和管理机制，为猎隼的保护与合理利用做出努力。

关键词：猎隼分布状况繁殖生态中国西部

Effect of Medical Advice for Diet on Diabetes Self-Management and Glycemic control for Haitian and African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 1094-1101页

作者： Fatma G. Huffman Joel c. Exebio Joan A. Vaccaro Gustavo G. Zarini Zisca dixon Department of Dietetics and Nutrition Florida International University Miami USA

Adequate care of type 2 diabetes is reflected by the individual’s adherence to dietary guidance;yet, few patients are engaged in diabetes self-care at the recommended level, regardless of race/ethnicity. Few studies on the effect of dietary medical advice on diabetes self-management (DSM) and glycemic control have been conducted on Haitian and African American adults with type 2 diabetes. These relationships were assessed in total of 254 Blacks with type 2 diabetes (Haitian Americans = 129;African Americans = 125) recruited from Miami-Dade and Broward counties, Florida by community outreach methods. Although dietary advice received was not significantly different between the two Black ethnicities, given advice “to follow a diet” as a predictor of “using food groups” was significant for Haitian Americans, but not for African Americans. Haitian Americans who were advised to follow a diet were approximately 3 times more likely to sometimes or often use food groups (or exchange lists) in planning meals. Less than optimal glycemic control (A1c > 7.2) was inversely related to DSM for African Americans;but the relationship was not significant for Haitian Americans. A one unit increase in DSM score decreased the odds ratio point estimate of having less than optimal glycemic control (A1c > 7.2%) by a factor of 0.94 in African Americans. These results suggest that medical advice for diet plans may not be communicated effectively for DSM for some races/ethnicities. Research aimed at uncovering the enablers and barriers of diet management specific to Black ethnicities with type 2 diabetes is recommended.

关键词： Dietary Medical Advice Diabetes Self-Management African American Haitian American Type 2 Diabetes Glycemic control