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Evaluation of soil erosion risk and identification of soil cover and management factor (c) for RUSLE in European vineyards with different soil management

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 337-353页

作者： M.Biddoccu G.Guzmán G.capello T.Thielke P.Strauss S.Winter J.G.Zaller A.Nicolai D.cluzeau D.Popescu c.bunea A.Hoble E.cavallo J.A.Gómez Institute for Agricultural and Earthmoving Machines(IMAMOTER) National Research Council of Italy(CNR)TorinoItaly Institute for Sustainable Agriculture CSICCordobaSpain Institute for Land and Water Management Research Federal Agency for Water ManagementPetzenkirchenAustria Institute of Plant Protection and Institute of Integrative Nature conservation Research University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria Institute of Zoology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria UniversitéRennes 1 Station Biologique de PaimpontUMR 6553 EcoBio35380PaimpontFrance Sc JIDVEI SRI Research DepartmentJidveiRomania University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj NapocaRomania

Vineyards show some of the largest erosion rates reported in agricultural areas in *** rates vary considerably under the same land use,since erosion processes are highly affected by climate,soil,topography and by the adopted soil management *** also shows differences in the effect of same conservation practices on reducing soil erosion from conventional,bare soil based,*** Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)is commonly adopted to estimate rates of water erosion on cropland under different forms of land use and management,but it requires proper value of soil cover and management(c)factors in order to obtain a reliable evaluation of local soil erosion *** this study the ORUScAL(Orchard RUSle cALibration)is used to identify the best calibration strategy against long-term experimental ***,ORUScAL is used in order to apply the RUSLE technology from farm based information across different European wine-growing *** results suggest that the best strategy for calibration should incorporate the soil moisture sub-factor(Sm)to provide better soil loss *** c factor,whose average values ranged from 0.012 to *** a large spatial variability due to coupling with local climate and specific local *** comparison across the five wine-growing regions indicates that for the soil protection management,permanent cover crop is the best measure for accomplishing sustainable erosion rates across the studied *** and temporary cover crops,that are used in areas of limited water resources to prevent competition with vines,failed to achieve sustainable erosion rates,that still need to be *** raises the need for a careful use of c values developed under different environmental conditions.

关键词： Vineyard Erosion Soil management RUSLE Europe

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Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

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Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of British columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P Gc-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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The Effect of Annealing Temperature and Reactive Gases on Optical Properties of cu<sub>2</sub>O Thin Films

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2021年第5期12卷 182-196页

作者： Radu bunea Ashwin Kumar Saikumar Kalpathy Sundaram University of central Florida Orlando FL USA

The cu2O thin films were synthesized by using RF sputtering technique. comparisons were made with films created by deposition at room temperature followed by thermal annealing between 100°c and 400°c and using different gases, oxygen (O2) (oxidizing and reactive gas) and nitrogen (N2) (inert gas), besides air. The thickness of the thin films was kept constant, around 2000 Å (Angstrom). In addition, the RF power and pressure deposition were kept constant, as well. The thin films were evaluated for a range of wavelengths between 200 nm and 400 nm (Ultra Violet spectrum), 400 nm and 700 nm (Visible spectrum), 700 nm and 800 nm (Infrared spectrum) for both, optical transmittance and photoluminescence. From the experimental results, the higher annealing temperature and the introduction of nitrogen (N2) gas produced the following results: the optical bandgap for the cu2O was found to be 2.23 eV and photoluminescence peaks were around 551 nm and 555 nm, which matched the theoretical analyses. Overall, there was a decrease in the optical bandgap of the cu2O from 2.56 eV at room temperature to 2.23 eV for the film annealed in nitrogen gas at 400°c. This indicates that the cu2O is a potential candidate in solar cell applications.

关键词： cu2O Thin Film Optical Properties Bandgap Photoluminescence

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A comparison of Optical Properties of cuO and cu<sub>2</sub>O Thin Films for Solar cell Applications

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2021年第7期12卷 315-329页

作者： Radu bunea Ashwin Kumar Saikumar Kalpathy Sundaram University of central Florida Orlando USA

Solar energy is becoming more popular and widespread, and consequently, the materials to manufacture solar cells are becoming more limited and costly. Therefore, in order to keep solar energy affordable and available, we must research alternative materials such as copper oxides. Some benefits of copper oxides include being available in abundance, affordable, low toxicity, low bandgap, and a high absorption coefficient—all of which contribute to it being a valuable interest for the manufacturing of solar cells. In this study, cuO thin films were synthesized utilizing RF sputtering technique with deposition occurring at room temperature followed by thermal annealing between 100°c and 400°c and using different gases, oxygen (O2) (oxidizing and reactive gas) and nitrogen (N2) (inert gas), besides air. Afterwards, these thin films were evaluated for a range of wavelengths: 200 - 400 nm (UV spectrum), 400 - 700 nm (Visible spectrum), and 700 - 800 nm (IR spectrum), for both, optical transmittance and photoluminescence. In addition, the cuO results were compared to our cu2O results from a previous study to assess their differences. In the results of this study, the cuO thin film initially had a bandgap of 2.19 eV at room temperature, and by increasing the annealing temperature to different levels, the bandgap decreased respectively. The presence of air in the chamber allowed for the highest decrease, followed by the nitrogen (N2) and the lowest decrease was observed in the presence of oxygen (O2). This was reflected in the decrease in the bandgap values from 2.19 eV (room temperature) to 2.05 eV for the films annealed at 400°c.

关键词： cu2O Thin Film cuo Thin Film Optical Properties Bandgap Photoluminescence

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Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Atul c.Khot chenjie Yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic ***,they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy,display,healthcare,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity,optical transparency,and enhanced mechanical *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using selfcracking-assisted *** this method,we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency(97.39%),high conductance(Rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work function(5.16 eV),and good mechanical *** also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics,organic light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing,resulting in exceptional device *** addition,the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.

关键词： Self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer c.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric critical care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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Finite element analysis of the effect of interlayer on interfacial stress transfer in layered graphene nanocomposites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1147-1152页

作者： c.c.Roach Y.c.Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky

Understanding the roles of interlayers in reinforcement efficiencies by layered graphene is very important in order to produce strong and light graphene based nanocomposites. The present paper uses the finite element method to evaluate the interfacial strain transfers and reinforcement efficiencies in layered graphene-polymer composites. Results indicate that the presence of compliant interlayers in layered graphene plays significant roles in the transfers of strain/stress from matrix to graphene and subsequently the reinforcement effectiveness of layered graphene. In general, the magnitude of shear strain transferred onto the rigid graphene decreases as the thickness of the interlayer increases. This trend becomes insignificant as the graphene becomes sufficiently large(s>25,000). The shear strain at the interface of graphene-matrix is also greatly influenced by the interlayer modulus. A stiffer interlayer would result in a higher shear strain transferred on the graphene. The performance of the interlayers is further affected by the property of the composite and the architecture of the layered graphene stack. If a composite contains more graphene phase, the efficiency of reinforcement by a layered graphene becomes improved. If a graphene stack contains more interlayers, the effectiveness of reinforcement at the edges of the graphene becomes negatively affected.

关键词： Interlayer Layered graphene Nanocomposites Interfacial stress transfer Finite element method

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