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Frontiers of physics 2021年第2期16卷 119-173页

作者： Jorge A.Lopez c.audio o.dorso Guillermo Frank Department of Physics University of Texax at El PasoEl PasoTexas 79968USA Departamento de Fisica FCENUniversidad de Buenos AiresNunezArgentina Unidad de Investigacion y Desarrollo de las Ingenierias Universidad Tecnologica NacionalFacultad Regional Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArentina

In this review we study the nuclear pastas as they are expected to be formed in neutron star *** start with a study of the pastas formed in nuclear matter(composed of protons and neutrons),we follow with the role of the electron gas on the formation of pastas,and we then investigate the pastas in neutron star matter(nuclear matter embedded in an electron gas).Nuclear matter(NM)at intermediate temperatures(1 MeV≤T≤***),at saturation and and sub-saturation densities,and with proton content ranging from 30%to 50%was found to have liquid,gaseous and liquid-gas mixed *** isospin-dependent phase diagram was obtained along with the critical points,and the symmetry energy was calculated and compared to experimental data and other *** low temperatures(T≤1 MeV)NM produces crystal-like structures around satura-tion densities,and pasta-like structures at sub-saturation *** of the pasta structures were studied with cluster-recognition algorithms,caloric curve,the radial distribution function,the Lindemann coefficient,Kolmogorov statistics,Minkowski functionals;the symmetry energy of the pasta showed a connection with its *** star matter(NSM)is nuclear matter embedded in an electron *** electron gas is included in the calculation by the inclusion of an screened coulomb *** connect the NM pastas with those in neutron star matter(NSM),the role the strength and screening length of the coulomb interaction have on the formation of the pastas in NM was *** was found to exist even without the presence of the electron gas,but the effect of the coulomb interaction is to form more defined pasta structures,among other ***,it was determined that there is a minimal screening length for the developed structures to be independent of the cell *** star matter was found to have similar phases as NM,phase transitions,symmetry energy,structure function and thermal *** in NM,pasta f

关键词： nuclear pasta neutron star matter nuclear symmetry energy molecular dynamics nuclear phase transitions

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Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 81-90页

作者： Zhikun Gai Xianghong Lin Xianren Shan Humberto G.Ferrón Philip c.J.Donoghue Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human origins of chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences Bristol Palaeobiology Group School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Instituto cavanilles de Biodiversidad i Biología Evolutiva Universitat de València

Galeaspids are extinct jawless relatives of living jawed vertebrates whose contribution to understanding the evolutionary assembly of the gnathostome bodyplan has been limited by absence of postcranial ***,we describe Foxaspis novemura *** ***.,based on complete articulated remains from a newly discovered Konservat-Lagerstatte in the Early Devonian(Pragian,～410 Ma) of Guangxi,South china.F,novemura had a broad,circular dorso-ventrally compressed headshield,slender trunk and strongly asymmetrical hypochordal tail fin comprised of nine ray-like scale-covered *** tail morphology contrasts with the symmetrical hypochordal tail fin of Tujiaaspis vividus,evidencing disparity in galeaspid postcranial *** of swimming speed reveals galeaspids as moderately fast swimmers,capable of achieving greater cruising swimming speeds than their more derived jawless and jawed *** analyses reject the hypothesis of a driven trend towards increasingly active food acquisition which has been invoked to characterize early vertebrate evolution.

关键词： Galeaspida jawed vertebrates evolution functional morphology phylogenetics modelling

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