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Pleistocene glaciation advances the cryptic speciation of Stellera chamaejasme *** a major biodiversity hotspot

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1192-1205页

作者： Santosh Kumar Rana Hum Kala Rana Jacob BLandis Tianhui Kuang Juntong chen Hengchang Wang Tao Deng c.ar.es c.davis Hang Sun cAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroArkansas 72401USA School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Biology and the L.H.Bailey HortoriumCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA BTI computational Biology center Boyce Thompson InstituteIthacaNew York 14853USA cAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan Botanical GardenWuhan 430074China Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology HerbariaHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA

The mountains of Southwest china comprise a significant large mountain range and biodiversity hotspot imperiled by global climate *** high species diversity in this mountain system has long been attributed to a complex set of factors,and recent large-scale macroevolutionary investigations have placed a broad timeline on plant diversification that stretches from 10 million years ago(Mya)to the *** our increasing understanding of the temporal mode of speciation,finer-scale populationlevel investigations are lacking to better refine these temporal trends and illuminate the abiotic and biotic influences of cryptic *** is largely due to the dearth of organismal sampling among closely related species and populations,spanning the incredible size and topological heterogeneity of this *** study dives into these evolutionary dynamics of speciation using genomic and ecomorphological data of Stellera chamaejasme *** identified four previously unrecognized cryptic species having indistinct morphological traits and large metapopulation of evolving lineages,suggesting a more recent diversification(~2.67-0.90 Mya),largely influenced by Pleistocene glaciation and biotic *** factors likely influenced allopatric speciation and advocated cyclical warming–cooling episodes along elevational gradients during the *** study refines the evolutionary timeline to be much younger than previously implicated and raises the concern that projected future warming may influence the alpine species diversity,necessitating increased conservation efforts.

关键词： cryptic speciation glacial-interglacial Hengduan Mountains north-south migration Stellera chamaejasme

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Twenty-nine million intrinsic Q-factor monolithic microresonators on thin-film lithium niobate

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 I0001-I0006页

作者： XINRUI ZHU YAOWEN HU SHENGYUAN LU HANA KWarNER XUDONG LI YUNXIANG SONG LETÍcIA MAGALHÃes AMIRHASSAN SHAMS-ANSarI ANDREA cORDarO NEIL SINcLAIR MarKO LONČar John A.Paulson School for Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China DRS Daylight Solutions San DiegoCalifornia 92127USA

The recent emergence of thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN)has extended the landscape of integrated *** has been enabled by the commercialization of TFLN wafers and advanced nanofabrication of TFLN such as high-quality dry ***,fabrication imperfections still limit the propagation loss to a few dB/m,restricting the impact of this ***,we demonstrate TFLN microresonators with a record-high intrinsic quality(Q)factor of twenty-nine million,corresponding to an ultra-low propagation loss of 1.3 dB/*** present spectral analysis and the statistical distribution of Q factors across different resonator *** work pushes the fabrication limits of TFLN photonics to achieve a Q factor within 1 order of magnitude of the material limit.

关键词： resonator lithium film

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Liver abnormalities following SarS-coV 2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age

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Family Medicine and community Health 2024年第1期12卷 28-35页

作者： Pauline Terebuh Veronica R Olaker Ellen K Kendall David c Kaelber Rong Xu Pamela B davis center for artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA The center for clinical Informatics Research and Education The MetroHealth SystemClevelandOHUSA Department of Medicine PediatricsDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA center for community Health Integration Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Objective Beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere,cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young *** the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects,we attempted to investigate a potential role for SarS-coV 2 in the development of subsequent liver *** We conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified,aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare *** compared with propensity score matched children with other respiratory infections,children aged 1-10 years with cOVID-19 had a higher risk of elevated transaminases(HR(95%cI)2.16(1.74 to 2.69))or total bilirubin(HR(95%cI)3.02(1.91 to 4.78)),or new diagnoses of liver diseases(HR(95%cI)1.67(1.21 to 2.30))from 1 to 6 months after *** with pre-existing liver abnormalities,liver abnormalities surrounding acute infection,younger age(1-4 years)or illness requiring hospitalisation all had similarly elevated *** who developed liver abnormalities following cOVID-19 had more pre-existing conditions than those who developed abnormalities following other *** These results indicate that SarS-coV 2 may prime the patient for subsequent development of liver infections or non-infectious liver *** rare(~1 in 1000),SarS-coV 2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver function or the diagnosis of diseases of the liver.

关键词： elevated diagnosis subsequent

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Important step towards an understanding of the exotic Z_(c)(3900)

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 199-200页

作者： c.Hanhart Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum JulichJilich D-52425Germany

The Standard Model of particle physics,which contains the field theories for the electro-weak interaction(QED)and the strong interaction(QcD),is an extremely successful theory describing a huge variety of phenomena at... 详细信息

关键词： interaction atomic describing

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Light sheet microscope scanning of biointegrated microlasers for localized refractive index sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1673-1680页

作者： ROSS c.cOWIE MarcEL ScHUBERT SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Humboldt centre for Nano and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microlasers are highly sensitive to localized refractive index changes allowing to link their emission spectrum to various chemical,mechanical,or physical *** recently found applications in biological studies within single cells,in three-dimensional samples such as multicellular spheroids,or in ***,detailed studies of biological samples also need to account for the structural heterogeneity of tissues and live animals,therefore requiring a combination of high-resolution microscopy and laser ***,we design and construct a light sheet fluorescence microscope with a coupled spectrometer for use in microlaser studies for combined high-resolution,high-speed imaging and WGM spectral *** light sheet illumination profile and the decoupled geometry of excitation and emission hereby directly affect the lasing and sensing properties,mainly through geometric constraints and by light coupling *** demonstrate the basic working principle of microlaser spectroscopy under light sheet excitation and measure the absolute refractive index within agarose and in zebrafish tail muscle *** further analyze the light coupling conditions that lead to the occurrence of two separate oscillation *** so-called cross modes can be scanned around the entire microlaser surface,which allows to estimate a surface-averaged refractive index profile of the microlaser environment.

关键词： refractive index excitation

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Tuning MXenes Towards Their Use in Photocatalytic Water Splitting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 321-331页

作者： Diego Ontiveros Sergi Vela Francesc Viñes carmen Sousa Departament de ciència de Materials i Química Física&Institut de Química Teòrica i computacional(IQTcUB) Universitat de Barcelonac/Martíi Franquès 1-1108028 BarcelonaSpain

Finding appropriate photocatalysts for solar-driven water(H_(2)O)splitting to generate hydrogen(H_(2))fuel is a challenging task,particularly when guided by conventional trial-and-error experimental ***,density functional theory(DFT)is used to explore the MXenes photocatalytic properties,an emerging family of two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides and nitrides with chemical formula M_(n+1)X_(n)T_(x),known to be semiconductors when having T_(x)*** than 4,000 MXene structures have been screened,considering different compositional(M,X,T_(x),and n)and structural(stacking and termination position)factors,to find suitable MXenes with a bandgap in the visible region and band edges that align with the water-splitting half-reaction *** from bandgap analysis show how,in general,MXenes with n=1 and transition metals from group III present the most cases with bandgap and promising sizes,with c-MXenes being superior to *** band alignment calculations of candidate systems with a bandgap larger than 1.23 eV,the minimum required for a water-splitting process,Sc_(2)cT_(2),Y_(2)cT_(2)(T_(x)=cl,Br,S,and Se)and Y_(2)cI_(2)are highlighted as adequate photocatalysts.

关键词： Density Functional Theory MXenes Photocatalysis Water Splitting

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A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： Mary c.Mullins Department of cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGcs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

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Phenazines:Natural products for microbial growth control

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hLife 2024年第3期2卷 100-112页

作者： cátia A Sousa Marta Ribeiro Francisca Vale Manuel Simões ISEP/P.PORTO School of EngineeringPolytechnic of PortoPortoPortugal LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering EnvironmentBiotechnology and EnergyFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal ALicE-Associate Laboratory in chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal

The unprecedented problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major challenge for public health,which has contributed to an increase in infections caused by such *** microbial infections,typically biofilm-related,are alsocoupled to an increase in human mortality and ***,the demand for new antimicrobial agents hasincreased along with the evolution of microbial resistance *** products produced by bacteria,such as phenazines,have been recognized as an important source for the development of new antimicrobial agents,through the exploitation of their capacity to increase oxidative stress in other *** are a large groupof nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and are essential for several cellular processes including iron acquisition,signaling events,enzymatic processes,and biofilm ***-inspired antibiotics(i.e.,2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,2,4-dibromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,bromophenazine-21,phenazine-13,and phenazine-14)are veryactive against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,including those associated with severe *** this study,mechanisms of phenazine-inspired antibiotics in the cellular processes of planktonic and sessilebacteria are ***,the application of phenazine-inspired antibiotics for the eradication of multidrugresistant planktonic and biofilm bacterial infections is also reviewed.

关键词： antimicrobial agents biofilms multidrug-resistant natural products phenazines

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convergence,Scalarization and continuity of Minimal Solutions in Set Optimization

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of china 2024年第3期12卷 773-793页

作者： Karuna c.S.Lalitha Department of Mathematics University of DelhiDelhiDelhi110007India Department of Mathematics University of Delhi South CampusNew DelhiDelhi110021India

The paper deals with the study of two different aspects of stability in the given space as well as the image space,where the solution concepts are based on a partial order relation on the family of bounded subsets of a real normed linear *** first aspect of stability deals with the topological set convergence of families of solution sets of perturbed problems in the image space and Painlevé–Kuratowski set convergence of solution sets of the perturbed problems in the given *** convergence in the given space is also established in terms of solution sets of scalarized perturbed *** second aspect of stability deals with semicontinuity of the solution set maps of parametric perturbed problems in both the spaces.

关键词： Topological convergence Painlevé-Kuratowski convergence Upper semicontinuity Lower semicontinuity Stability Scalarization

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Performance of evolutionary optimized machine learning for modeling total organic carbon in core samples of shale gas fields

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： Leonardo Goliatt c.M.Saporetti L.c.Oliveira E.Pereira Department of computational and Applied Mechanics Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de ForaBrazil Department of computational Modeling Polytechnic InstituteRio de Janeiro State UniversityNova FriburgoBrazil Petrobras Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroBrazil

Rock samples'TOc content is the best indicator of the organic matter in source *** origin rock samples’analysis is used to calculate it manually by *** method requires time and resources because it relies on samples from many well intervals in source ***,research has been done to aid this *** learning algorithms can estimate total organic carbon instead of well logs and stratigraphic *** light of these efforts,the current work present a study on automating the total organic carbon estimation using machine learning approaches improved by an evolutionary methodology to give the model flexibility and *** algorithms,differential evolution,particle swarm optimization,grey wolf optimization,artificial bee colony,and evolution strategies were used to improve machine learning models to predict *** six metaheuristics were integrated into four machine learning methods:extreme learning machine,elastic net linear model,linear support vector regression,and multivariate adaptive regression *** samples from the YuDong-Nan shale gas field,located in the Sichuan basin,were used to evaluate the hybrid *** findings show that combining machine learning models with an evolutionary algorithms in a hybrid fashion produce flexible models that accurately predict *** results show that,independent of the metaheuristic used to guide the model selection,optimized extreme learning machines attained the best performance scores according to six *** hybrid models can be used in exploratory geological research,particularly for unconventional oil and gas resources.

关键词： Total organic carbon Hybrid models Automated machine learning Evolutionary algorithms Geology

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