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characteristics of Emission Non-nulling Pulsars Through simulation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 91-102页

作者： rai Yuen Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China sIfA School of PhysicsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

We investigate the population and several properties of radio pulsars whose emission does not null(non-nulling)through simulation of a large pulsar *** from a pulsar is identified as non-nulling if(i)the emission does not cease across the whole pulse profile,and(ii)the emission is ***(i),we adopt a model for switching in the plasma charge density,and emission persists if the charge density is ***(ii),we assume that detectable emission originates from source points where it is emitted tangentially to the magnetic field-line and parallel to the *** find that pulsars exhibiting non-nulling emission possess obliquity angles with an average of 42°.5,and almost half the samples maintain a duty cycle between 0.05 and ***,the pulsar population is not fixed but dependent on the obliquity angle,with the population peaking at 20°.In addition,three evolutionary phases are identified in the pulsar population as the obliquity angle evolves,with the majority of samples having an obliquity angle between 20°and 65°.Our results also suggest that emission from a pulsar may evolve between nulling and non-nulling during its lifetime.

关键词： radiation mechanisms:non thermal stars:neutron (stars:)pulsars:general

Analysis and Optimization of Operational and Pollutant Attributes of Diesel Engine with cNT-Infused Orange Peel Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

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Journal of Thermal science 2024年第2期33卷 761-778页

作者： Ranjeet rai R.R.sAHOO Mechanical Engineering Department GLA UniversityMathura281406India Mechanical Engineering Department IIT(BHU)Varanasi221005India

The current study is performed to find sustainable solutions for the future of transportation and environmental *** conventional methods and experimental design table(L16 Orthogonal Array)techniques have been employed to examine and optimize a diesel-powered engine's operational and pollutant *** L16 Orthogonal Array is obtained through Taguchi's experimental design approach using Minitab 16 *** experimental design incorporated three control variables,namely engine speed,fuel type,and engine load,each with four *** operational parameters,namely brake thermal efficiency(BTE)and brake specific fuel consumption(BsFc),as well as the emission characteristics,including hydrocarbon(Hc),carbon monoxide(cO),nitrogen oxide(NO),and smoke emissions,were acquired using the L16 orthogonal array(OA) and subsequently *** utilization of methodologies such as signal-to-noise(s/N) ratio and grey analysis was employed to determine the optimal operational state of the engine to achieve maximum performance while minimizing *** engine's ideal state of operation,in terms of BTE and BsFc,was determined to be at 75% engine load,1000 r/min engine speed,and using 10^(-4)(in vol) carbon nanotube incorporated 20% orange peel biodiesel(OPB20cNT100) blended fuel(A3-B1-c4).The study indicated that engine load significantly influenced BTE and BsFc,with 84.05% and 87.79% contribution factors,*** 25% engine load,1000 r/min,and OPB20cNT100 fuel(A1-B1-c4) cO,smoke,NO,and Hc emissions were the *** load affects emissions the *** BsFc increased 3.10% and NO emissions 1.77%.BTE,cO,smoke,and Hc emissions decreased by 1.9%,12.29%,47.05%,and 47.22%,respectively,at optimal operating conditions concerning diesel *** study shows that Taguchi-Grey's experimental design optimizes diesel engine operational and pollutant *** outcomes revealed that orange peel biodiesel infused with cNT can replace diesel fuel in a

关键词： Taguchi-Grey method OPB20cNT100 transesterification s/N ratio GRG Hc cO and NO

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横波在各向异性介质中传播的实验室观测

石油物探译丛 1992年第4期 10-18页

作者： c.H.sondergeld c.s.rai 周延坤

近几年来,由于掌握了横波速度各向异性的识别和恰当的处理方法,所以横波勘探又得到振兴。我们所指的地下各向异性是指方位各向异性.为了简单起见,地下各向异性被认为是具有六方系对称或具唯一水平轴的横向各向同性。但是,在我们着手解... 详细信息

近几年来,由于掌握了横波速度各向异性的识别和恰当的处理方法,所以横波勘探又得到振兴。我们所指的地下各向异性是指方位各向异性.为了简单起见,地下各向异性被认为是具有六方系对称或具唯一水平轴的横向各向同性。但是,在我们着手解释横波野外数据之前,必须提供(作为输入)合适的横波数据.为了做到这一点,就必须承认***1986年提出的旋转变换的有效性.我们做了一系列实验室实验,清楚地证实了Alford算法在物理和数学旋转之间的等效性。而且,通过这些研究。

关键词：横波各向异性旋转变换介质

Establishing the relationship between land use land cover,normalized difference vegetation index and land surface temperature:A case of Lower son River Basin,India

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Geography and sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 265-275页

作者： shipra singh Pankaj Kumar Rakhi Parijat Barbaros Gonengcil Abhinav rai Department of Geography Miranda HouseUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Geography Delhi School of EconomicsUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Geography Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The study explores the intricate interplay between land use land cover(LULc),normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and land surface temperature(LsT)within the Lower son River Basin in India from 1991 to *** region’s ecological balance has been increasingly strained due to rapid urbanization and changing land use *** a combination of Landsat TM&OLI/TIRs satellite imageries and geospatial analysis techniques,this study unveils the intricate connection between land use and land cover changes,vegetation,and land surface temperature *** study area is classified into three altitudinal zones(Zone I:39–300 m,Zone II:301–600 m and Zone III:601–1,247 m)to examine the changes in *** area has seen significant changes in LULc,vegetation and LsT in all the three altitudinal *** findings hold significant implications for sustainable land management and environmental conservation strategies in the Lower son River *** per the result,103,438 ha of vegetation was converted into agriculture land and 82,572 ha of agricultural land was transformed into settlements from 1991 to *** trend shows human pressure on the land resource in the study *** increase in water body is seen which is attributed to commissioning of Bansagar *** I has seen highest settlement growth while Zone III experienced severe deforestation of around 15%.Zone II and III needs attention for holistic *** of LsT shows that it has increased by 0.82℃ from 1991 to 2020 which is a red *** study underscores the critical importance of balanced land use practices to preserve ecological integrity and mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and climate change.

关键词： Lower son River Basin LULc LsT NDVI correlation

Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with single cell resolution using on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preksha Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mishra Atindra Nair Neeladri chowdhury Dhanush Balekai Kavyashree rai Anil Prabhakar Taslimarif saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a critical component of several high-throughput single-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** significant progress in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving microscopy-based high-speed imaging of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive instrumentation,limiting their widespread *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverages the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence signals from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using optical *** highly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based signal detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing of optical signals with high sensitivity and single-cell resolution within each *** demonstrate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHc)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell surface biomarkers using fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-ranging,scalable optical sensing solutions for research and diagnostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution

Early Phases of star Formation: Testing chemical Tools

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 96-118页

作者： N.c.Martinez s.Paron cONIcET-Universidad de Buenos Aires.Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio Ciudad Universitaria(C1428EGA)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

star-forming processes strongly influence the IsM ***,many high-quality databases are available at millimeter *** them,it is possible to carry out studies that review and deepen previous *** these studies involve large samples of sources,it is preferred to use direct tools to study the molecular *** the aim of testing these tools such as the use of the HcN/HNc ratio as a thermometer,and the use of H^(13)cO^(+),Hc_(3)N,N_(2)H^(+) and c_(2)H as "chemical clocks," we present a molecular line study toward 55 sources representing massive young stellar objects at different evolutionary stages:infrared dark clouds(IRDcs),highmass protostellar objects(HMPOs),hot molecular cores(HMcs) and ultracompact H II *** found that the use of the HcN/HNc ratio as a universal thermometer in the IsM should be taken with care because the HcN optical depth is a big issue that can affect the ***,this tool should be utilized only after a careful analysis of the HcN spectrum,checking that no line,neither the main nor the hyperfine ones,presents absorption *** point out that the analysis of the emission of H^(13)cO^(+),Hc_(3)N,N_(2)H^(+) and c_(2)H could be useful to trace and distinguish regions among IRDcs,HMPOs and *** molecular line widths of these four species increase from the IRDc to the HMc stage,which can be a consequence of the gas dynamics related to the starforming processes taking place in the molecular *** results not only contribute with more statistics,acting as a probe of such chemical tools,useful to obtain information in large samples of sources,but also complement previous works through the analysis of other types of sources.

关键词： stars:formation IsM:molecules IsM:clouds

spectrum of cOVID-19 induced liver injury:A review report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 517-536页

作者： Lokjan singh Anil Kumar Maya rai Bibek Basnet Nishant rai Pukar Khanal Kok-song Lai Wan-Hee cheng Ahmed Morad Asaad shamshul Ansari Department of Microbiology Karnali Academy of Health ScienceTeaching HospitalJumla 21200KarnaliNepal Health sciences Asian College of Advance StudiesPurbanchal UniversitySatdobato 24122LalitpurNepal Department of Biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun 248002UttarakhandIndia Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology KLE College of PharmacyBelagaviKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagavi 590010KarnatakaIndia Division of Health sciences Abu Dhabi Women's CollegeHigher Colleges of TechnologyAbu Dhabi 41012United Arab Emirates Health and Life sciences INTI International UniversityNilai 71800Malaysia Department of Microbiology College of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt

The coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)pandemic has caused changes in the global health system,causing significant setbacks in healthcare systems *** pandemic has also shown resilience,flexibility,and creativity in reacting to the *** severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sARs-coV-2)infection targets most of the respiratory tract,resulting in a severe sickness called acute respiratory distress syndrome that may be fatal in some *** the lung is the primary organ targeted by cOVID-19 viruses,the clinical aspect of the disease is varied and ranges from asymptomatic to respiratory ***,due to an unorganized immune response and several affected mechanisms,the liver may also experience liver cell injury,ischemic liver dysfunction,and drug-induced liver injury,which can result in respiratory failure because of the immune system’s disordered response and other compromised processes that can end in multisystem organ *** with liver cirrhosis or those who have impaired immune systems may be more likely than other groups to experience worse results from the sARs-coV-2 *** thus intend to examine the pathogenesis,current therapy,and consequences of liver damage concerning cOVID-19.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease cOVID-19 clinical manifestation of liver Drug-induced liver injury sARs-coV-2

Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： N.IQBAL J.cHOI s.F.sHAH c.LEE s.LEE Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline Ni-rich LiNixMnyco_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(NMc)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary NMc particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of NMc active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation Ni-rich LiNixMnyco_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(NMc)

Geochemistry and depositional environment of fuchsite quartzites from sargur Group,western Dharwar craton,India

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 555-570页

作者： c.s.sindhuja G.Harshitha c.Manikyamba K.s.V.subramanyam csIR(council of scientific and Industrial Research)-National Geophysical Research Institute(NGRI) Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India

Meso-Neoarchean fuchsite quartzites are present in different stratigraphic positions of Dharwar craton including the oldest(~3.3 Ga)sargur Group of western Dharwar *** present study deals with the petro-graphic and geochemical characteristics of the fuchsite quartzites from the Ghattihosahalli belt to evaluate their genesis,depositional setting and the enigma involved in the ancient sedimentation *** major mineral assemblages include quartz,fuchsite,and feldspars along with accessory kyanite and *** geochemical com-positions are characterized by high siO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),low MgO,caO,strongly enriched cr(1326–6899 ppm),Ba(1165–3653 ppm),sr(46–210 ppm),V(107–868 ppm)and Zn(11–158 ppm)contents compared to the upper continental crust(Ucc).The Ucc normalized rare earth element(REE)patterns are characterized by depleted light REE[(La/sm)Ucc=0.33–0.95]compared to heavy REE[(Gd/Yb)_(Ucc)=0.42–1.65]with conspicuous positive Eu-anomalies(Eu/Eu^(*)=1.35–18.27)characteristic of hydrothermal solutions evidenced through the interlayered *** overall major and trace element systematics reflect a combined mafic-felsic provenance and suggest their deposition at a passive continental margin *** comprehensivefield,petrographic,and geo-chemical studies indicate that these quartzites are infiltrated by cr-richfluids released during high-grade metamorphism of associated ultramafic *** sargur and the subse-quent Dharwar orogeny amalgamated diverse lithounits from different tectonic settings,possibly leading to the release of cr-richfluids and the formation of fuchsite quartzite during or after the *** sug-gest a pre-existing stable crust prior to the sargur Group and the link between orogenic events and various mineral deposits in the Dharwar craton.

关键词： Dharwar craton Ghattihosahalli Fuchsite quartzite Provenance Depositional setting