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Amino acid fortified diets for weanling pigs replacing fish meal and whey protein concentrate:Effects on growth,immune status,and gut health

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第3期6卷 330-339页

作者： Yan Zhao Alexandra c Weaver Vivek Fellner robert L Payne Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Evonik corp

Background： Limited availability of fish meal and whey protein concentrate increases overall feed costs. Availability of increased number of supplemental amino acids including Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, Val, and lie allows replacing expensive protein supplements to reduce feed costs. This study was to evaluate the effect of replacing fish meal and/or whey protein concentrate in nursery diets with 6 supplemental amino acids on growth performance and gut health of post-weaning pigs. Treatments were 1） FM-WPc： diet with fish meal （FM） and whey protein concentrate （WPc）; 2） FM-AA： diet with FM and crystalline amino acids （L-Lys, L-Thr, L-Trp, DL-Met, L-Val, and L-lie）; 3） WPc-AA： diet with WPc and crystalline amino acid; and 4） AA： diet with crystalline amino acid. Results： Pigs in FM-AA, WPc-AA, and AA had greater （P 〈 0.0.5） ADG and gain：feed than pigs in FM-WPc during wk ] （phase 1）. Plasma insulin concentration of pigs in AA tended to be greater （P = 0.064） than that of FM-WPc at the end of wk 1 （phase 1）. Plasma concentrations of IgG in AA was lower （P 〈 0.05） compared with WPc-AA and FW, and FM-AA had lower （P 〈 0.05） IgG concentration than WPc-AA at the end of wk 1 （phase 1）. concentration of acetate in cecum digesta in FM-AA tended to be greater （P = 0.054） than that of FM-WPc and WPc-AA. concentration of isovalerate in cecum digesta of pigs in FM-AA was greater （P 〈 0.05） than that of FW and WPc-AA. conclusions： This study indicates that use of 6 supplemental amino acids can replace fish meal and/or whey protein concentrate without adverse effects on growth performance, immune status, and gut health of pigs at d 21 to 49 of age. Positive response with the use of 6 supplemental amino acids in growth during the first week of post-weaning may due to increased plasma insulin potentially improving uptake of nutrients for protein synthesis and energy utilization. The replacement of fish meal and/or whey protein concentrate with 6 supplemental amino acids could decrease the

关键词： Amino acid Fish meal Growth performance Pig Whey protein concentrate

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Magnetic Flux controllers for Induction Heating Applications

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 567-572页

作者： Valentin Nemkov robert Goldstein robert Ruffini FluxtroUcentre for Induction Technology USAFluxtroUCentre for Induction Technology USAFluxtroUCentre for Induction Technology USA

Application of magnetic flux controllers/concentrators to induction heating coils can drastically improve the process efficiency and heat pattern control. Presentation includes: benefits provided by flux controllers, materials available for controllers, application techniques, computer assisted design of induction coils with concentrators, examples of applications. Depending on induction system design, magnetic flux controllers can concentrate heating in a specified area, change heat source distribution and shield a particular part zone or external area preventing unintended eddy current heating. Besides of the coil efficiency improvement and optimal power distribution, magnetic flux controllers reduce the coil current demand from a supplying circuitry thus strongly reducing losses in busswork, cables, transformers and inverter components. Improvement that can be achieved due to magnetic flux controllers is case dependable. 2D and 3D computer simulation allows the designer to predict accurately effect of controllers on the coil parameters and temperature distribution and optimize the whole electromagnetic system. Special attention in presentation is paid to new magnetodielectric materials optimized for induction heating conditions. These materials have high magnetic permeability and saturation flux density, excellent machinability, good chemical and temperature resistance. concentrators from these materials can work in a wide range of frequencies and specific powers. Examples of magnetic flux controller application include surface hardening of shafts and gears, induction surface hardfacing and brazing.

关键词：热处理感应器磁通量计算机模拟

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Multi-stream join answering for mining significant cross-stream correlations

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Frontiers of computer Science 2012年第2期6卷 131-142页

作者： robert GWADERA IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Säumerstrasse 4CH-8803 RüschlikonSwitzerland

Sliding-window multi-stream join （SWMJ） is a fundamental operation for correlating information from dif- ferent streams. We provide a solution to the problem of as- sessing significance of the SWMJ result by focusing on the relative frequency of windows satisfying a given equijoin predicate as the most important parameter of the SWMJ re- suit. In particular, we derive a formula for computing the expected relative frequency of windows satisfying a given equijoin predicate that can be. evaluated in quadratic time in the window size given a proposed probabilistic model of the multi-stream. In experiments conducted on a daily rain- fall data set we demonstrate the remarkable accuracy of our method, which confirms our theoretical analysis.

关键词： probabilistic data streams stream summariza-tion stream sketch window aggregate queries

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classification of flow regimes in gas-liquid horizontal couette-Taylor flow using dimensionless criteria

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第5期27卷 773-781页

作者： HUBAcZ robert Faculty of chemical and Process Engineering Warsaw University of Technology

In this paper, the flow patterns observed in horizontal couette-Taylor flow（cTF） were correlated using dimensionless numbers. The analysis of the results showed that the structure of the flow was an outcome of interaction between fluid inertia related to axial and rotational flows and gravitation. Therefore, the flow structures were correlated using axial and angular Reynolds numbers, and Archimedes number for the given value of gas-to-liquid flow ratio. Finally, the correlation for the prediction of the transition to the flow regime observed at high rotational speeds was proposed. The comparison with experiments carried out in the vertical cTF from the literature showed that this correlation can also be useful in the case of vertical flow.

关键词： gas-liquid flow couette-Taylor flow(cTF) flow regime maps

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conditional coherent risk measures and regime-switching conic pricing

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2021年第4期6卷 267-300页

作者： Engel John c Dela Vega robert J Elliott UniSA Business University of South AustraliaSA 5000 AdelaideAustralia Haskayne School of Business University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaT2N 1N4Canada

This paper introduces and represents conditional coherent risk measures as essential suprema of conditional expectations over a convex set of probability measures and as distorted expectations given a concave distortion function.A model is then developed for the bid and ask prices of a European-type asset by a conic *** price process is governed by a modified geometric Brownian motion whose drift and diffusion coefficients depend on a Markov *** bid and ask prices of a European-type asset are then characterized using conic quantization.

关键词： conditional coherent risk measures Markov chains Regime-switching conic finance European options Distortion functions conic quantization

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Towards real-time detection of wastewater in surface waters using fluorescence spectroscopy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 195-202页

作者： Ye Z.Yang Nicolas M.Peleato Raymond L.Legge robert c.Andrews Department of ciuil and Mineral Engineering University of Toronto35 St.George St.TorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada School of Engineering Uniuersity of British Columbia Okanagan1137 Alwmni AueKeloiunaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada Department of chemical Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave.WWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

The presence of municipal wastewater at the intake of a major drinking water treatment facility located on Lake Ontario was examined using fluorescence data collected during a period of continuous *** addition,controlled mixing of lake water and wastewater sampled from a local treatment facility were conducted using a bench-scale fluorescence system to quantify observed changes in natural organic *** linear regression was applied to components derived from parallel factors *** resulting mean absolute error for predicted wastewater level was 0.22%(V/V,wastewater/lake water),indicating that wastewater detection at below 1.0%(V/V)was *** of sucralose,a wastewater indicator,were conducted for treated wastewater as well as surface water collected at two intake locations on Lake *** suggested minimal wastewater contribution at the drinking water intake.A wastewater detection model using a moving baseline was developed and applied to continuous fluorescence data collected at one of the drinking water intakes,which agreed well with sucralose ***,the simulated addition of 1.0%(V/V)of wastewater/wastewater was detectable in 89%of samples analyzed,demonstrating the utility of fluorescence-based wastewater monitoring.

关键词： Excitation emission matrices Parallel factors analysis Natural organic matter Source water monitoring Wastewater impact Water quality assessment

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Targeted principle component analysis:A new motion artifact correction approach for near-infrared spectroscopy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第2期7卷 98-105页

作者： Meryen A.Yücel Julitte Selb robert J.c.ooper David A.Boas Athinoula A.Martinos center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Haruard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering University college London LondonUK

As near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)broadens its application area to diferent age and diseasegroups,motion artifacts in the NIRS signal due to subject movement is becoming an *** artifacts generally produce signal fiuctuations that are larger than physio-logical NIRS signals,thus it is cruciai to corect for them before obtaining an cstimate ofstimulusevoked hemodynamic responses.,There are various methods for correction such as principlecomponent analy sis(P cA),wavelet-based filt ering and spline int ***,we introduce anew approach to motion artifact correction,targeted principle component analysis(PcA),which incorporates a PcA filter only on the segments of data identified as motion *** expected that this will overcome the issues of filtering desired signals that plagues standardPcA fitering of entire data *** compared the new approach with the most efiective motionartifact correction algorithms on a set of data acquired simultaneously with a collodion-fixedprobe(low motion artifact content)and a standard Velcro probe(high motion artifact content).Our results show that tPcA gives statistically better results in recovering hemodynamic responsefunction(HRF)as compared to wavelet-based fltering and spline interpolation for the *** resulis in a significant reduction in mean-squauared'error(MSE)and significant en-hancement in Pearson's correlation coeficient to the true HRF,The collodion-fixed fiber probewith no motion correction performed better than the Velcro probe corrected for motion artifactsin terms of MSE and Pearson's correlation ***,if the experimental study permits,the use of a collodion-fixed fiber probe may be desirable.I the use of a collodion-fixed probe is notfeasible,then we suggest the use of tP cA in the processing of motion artifact contaminated data.

关键词： Wavelet spline collodion-fixed fiber.

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Predicting the coefficient of friction in a sliding contact by applying machine learning to acoustic emission data

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1299-1321页

作者： robert GUTIERREZ Tianshi FANG robert MAINWARING Tom REDDYHOFF Tribology Group Department of Mechanical EngineeringImperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK Shell Global Solutions(US)Inc.Shell Technology center Houston 3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX 77082USA Shell International Petroleum company Limited Shell CentreYork RoadLondon SE17NAUK

It is increasingly important to monitor sliding interfaces within machines,since this is where both energy is lost,and failures *** emission(AE)techniques offer a way to monitor contacts remotely without requiring transparent or electrically conductive ***,acoustic data from sliding contacts is notoriously complex and difficult to ***,we simultaneously measure coefficient of friction(with a conventional force transducer)and acoustic emission(with a piezoelectric sensor and high acquisition rate digitizer)produced by a steel‒steel rubbing *** data is then used to train machine learning(ML)algorithms(e.g.,Gaussian process regression(GPR)and support vector machine(SVM))to correlated acoustic emission with *** training requires the dense AE data to first be reduced in size and a range of processing techniques are assessed for this(e.g.,down-sampling,averaging,fast Fourier transforms(FFTs),histograms).Next,fresh,unseen AE data is given to the trained model and the resulting friction predictions are compared with the directly measured *** is excellent agreement between the measured and predicted friction when the GPR model is used on AE histogram data,with root mean square(RMS)errors as low as 0.03 and Pearson correlation coefficients reaching ***,predictions remain accurate despite changes in test conditions such as normal load,reciprocating frequency,and stroke *** paves the way for remote,acoustic measurements of friction in inaccessible locations within machinery to increase mechanical efficiency and avoid costly failure/needless maintenance.

关键词： acoustic emission condition monitoring friction machine learning Gaussian process regression support vector machine

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RF-based location of partial discharge sources using received signal features

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High Voltage 2019年第1期4卷 28-32页

作者： Ephraim T.Iorkyase christos Tachtatzis Ian A.Glover robert c.Atkinson Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of StrathclydeRoyal College Building204 George StreetGlasgow G11XWUK Department of Engineering and Technology University of HuddersfieldHD13DH HuddersfieldUK

Partial discharges(PDs)are symptomatic of some localised defects in the insulation system of electrical *** activity emits electrical pulses in the form of radio frequency(RF)signals which can be captured using appropriate *** analysis of the measured RF signals facilitates localisation of *** study investigates the plausibility of using purely RF received signal features of PD pulses to locate PD at low cost.A localisation approach based on the analysis of these features has been developed,with the assumption that PDs generate unique RF spatial patterns due to the complexities and nonlinearities of RF *** this approach,two distinct frequency bands which hold different PD information are *** location features are extracted from the main PD signal and the two sub-band ***-based feature selection(cFS)is employed for feature selection and dimensionality *** results show that PD location can be inferred from the features of the PD *** application of cFS to PD data reduces the memory/computational demand and improves localisation accuracy.

关键词： signal features electrical

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Hubble telescope 30 years in orbit:personal reflections

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第4期20卷 1-6页

作者： robert Williams Space Telescope Science Institute&University of california/Santa cruz CA 95064USA

With an initial requirement to make observations a minimum of 5–10 years,Hubble Space Telescope(HST)has continued to operate well for 30 *** has relied upon five servicing missions to repair and replace essential *** the final Space Shuttle mission 10 years ago,it has avoided major breaks in its operation,with the only serious effects of aging in space being a progressive deterioration in the performance of the gyroscopes and sensitivity of the instrument detectors.A number of factors were important in making HST a scientific ***-breaking discoveries have been made with HST-the most important being the discovery of cosmic *** HST operation ceases,future observations in space should be assured with successful operation of major missions now planned by NASA,ESA,and the chinese and Japanese Space Agencies.

关键词： HST cosmic acceleration Hubble constant supernovae

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