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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of china 2019年第9期29卷 1824-1835页

作者： c.RAJENDRAN K.SRINIVASAN V.balasubramanian H.BALAJI P.SELVARAJ Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore Tamil Nadu 641008India center for Materials Joining and Research(cEMAJOR) Annamalai UniversityTamil Nadu 608002India Aeronautical Development Agency BangaloreKarnataka 560017India

Friction stir welding(FSW)has been extensively adopted to fabricate aluminium alloy joints by incorporating various welding parameters that include welding speed,rotational speed,diameters of shoulder and pin and tool tilt *** parameters significantly affect the weld *** tilt angle is one of the significant process parameters among the weld *** present study focused on the effect of tool tilt angle on strength of friction stir lap welding of AA2014-T6 aluminium *** tool tilt angle was varied between 0°and 4°with an equal increment of 1°.Other process parameters were kept *** and microstructure analysis,microhardness measurement,scanning electron micrograph,transmission electron micrograph and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis were performed to evaluate the lap shear strength of friction stir lap welded *** proved that,defect-free weld joint was obtained while using a tool tilt angle of 1°to 3°.However,sound joints were welded using a tool tilt angle of 2°,which had the maximum lap shear strength of 14.42 kN and microhardness of HV *** joints welded using tool tilt angles of 1°and 3°yielded inferior lap shear strength due to unbalanced material flow in the weld region during FSW.

关键词： AA2014 aluminium alloy friction stir lap welding tool tilt angle lap shear strength microstructure

Ochratoxin A:carryover from animal feed into livestock and the mitigation strategies

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 56-63页

作者： Abirami Ramu Ganesan Balamuralikrishnan balasubramanian Sungkwon Park Rajesh Jha Ines Andretta Archibold G.Bakare In Ho Kim Department of Food Science and Home Economics School of Applied SciencesCollege of EngineeringScience and TechnologyFiji National UniversitySuvaFiji Islands Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de AgronomiaDepartment of Animal SciencePorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Animal Science College of AgricultureFisheries&ForestryFiji National UniversityFiji Islands Department of Animal Resource and Science Dankook UniversityCheonanSouth Korea

This review aims to highlight the effects of ochratoxin A(OTA)in the feed of meat-producing *** accumulation of OTA in feed and its distribution in various farm animals were compared and ***,the oral administration of OTA-contaminated feed and the predisposition in an animal's vital organ were critically examined in this *** collated reports show that OTA directly associated with endemic nephropathy and its high concentration leads to degeneration of liver cells,and necrosis of intestinal and lymphoid *** present,limited reports are available in the recent liter-ature on the problems and consequences of OTA in ***,this review focused on the OTA carryover from feed to farm animals and the interaction of its secondary metabolites on their biochemical ***,this report provides greater insights into animal health related to OTA residues in meat and meat *** article also explores mitigation strategies that can be used to prevent the carryover effects of OTA in livestock feeds and the effects in the food chain.

关键词： Ochratoxin A Feed Livestock Meat Mitigation strategy

Effect of Hardfacing consumables on Ballistic Performance of Q&T Steel Joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2013年第4期9卷 249-258页

作者： M.BALAKRISHNAN V.balasubramanian G.MADHUSUDHAN REDDY Department of Mechanical Engineering M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering (Autonomous) center for Materials Joining & Research (cEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Solidification Technology Division Metal Joining Group Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL)

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of hardfacing consumables on ballistic performance of armour grade quenched and tempered(Q&T)steel welded *** evaluate the effect of hardfacing consumables,joints were fabricated using 4 mm thick tungsten carbide(Wc)/chromium carbide(crc)hardfaced middle layer;above and below which austenitic stainless steel(SS)layers were deposited on both sides of the hardfaced *** metal arc welding(SMAW)process were used to deposite all(hardfaced layer and SS layers)*** fabricated joints were evaluated for its ballistic performance,and the results were compared with respect to depth of penetration(DOP)on weld metal and heat-affected zone(HAZ)*** the ballistic test results,it was observed that both the joints successfully stopped the bullet penetration at weld center *** the two joints,the joint made with crc hardfaced interlayer(cAHA)offered better ballistic resistance at weld *** is because its hardness is higher due to the presence of primary carbides of needle shape,polyhedral shape and eutectic matrix containing a mixture of gt M7c3carbides in the crc hardfaced *** scattering hardness level in the Wc interlayer,the matrix decomposition resulted lower hardness and the co-existence of d ferrite in the interface between hardfacing and SS root/SS cap could be attributed to the inferior ballistic resistance of the joint made with Wc hardfaced interlayer(WAHA joint).

关键词：弹道性能耐磨堆焊 M7c3型碳化物耗材焊接金属焊缝金属初生碳化物淬火效果

Anti-dermatophytic activity of marine sponge,Sigmadocia carnosa(Dendy)on clinically isolated fungi

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第8期2卷 635-639页

作者： NB Dhayanithi TT Ajith Kumar M Kalaiselvam T balasubramanian N Sivakumar centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai University Department of Molecular Microbiology School of BiotechnologyMadurai Kamaraj University

Objective:To screen the anti-fungal effects and find out the active metabolites from sponge, Sigmadocia carnosa(***) against four dermatophytic ***:The methanol,ethyl acetate and acetone extract of marine sponge,*** was examined against Trichaphyton mentagrophytes(***),Trichophyton rubrum(***),Epidermophyton floccosum(***) and Microsporum gypseum(***) and qualitative analysed to find out the active ***:The methanol extract of sponge was expressed significant activity than ethyl acetate and *** minimum inhibitory concentration(MIc) of methanol extract of sponge that resulted in complete growth inhibition of ***,***, *** and *** were found to 125,250,250 and 250 μg/mL ***, 100%inhibition of fungal spore germination was observed in *** at 500 μg/mL concentration followed by ***,*** and *** at 1000 μg/mL concentration. Other two extracts showed weak anti spore germination activity against the tested dermatophyte *** extracts showed presence of terpenoids,steroids,alkaloids,saponins and ***:Based on the literature,this is the first study which has conducted to inhibit the growth and spore germination of dermatophytic fungi with *** research also needs to purify and characterize the secondary metabolites from the sponge,*** for the valuable source of novel substances for future drug discovery.

关键词： Dermatophytic fungi Sigmadocia carnosa Anti-fungal activity Spore germination assay Qualitative analysis of Active compounds

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电凝聚降低造纸工业废水的cOD浓度并脱色

中华纸业 2009年第7期30卷 101-107页

作者： K S Parama Kalyani N balasubramanian c Srinivasakannan 赵芳

电凝聚是一种有效地处理制浆造纸工业废水的技术。对于处理制浆造纸工业废水的一些影响因素如电解时间、应用的电流密度、电解pH值及有利于提高电解效率的因素一直都研究着。从现在的实验结果可以看到,使用电凝聚处理废水的效果非常显... 详细信息

电凝聚是一种有效地处理制浆造纸工业废水的技术。对于处理制浆造纸工业废水的一些影响因素如电解时间、应用的电流密度、电解pH值及有利于提高电解效率的因素一直都研究着。从现在的实验结果可以看到,使用电凝聚处理废水的效果非常显著。有记录显示的低碳钢电极和铝电极最大的脱色率分别达到92%和84%,cOD去除率分别为95%和89%。实验也指出用序列间歇反应器[Sequential Batch Reactor(SBR)]与电凝聚联合能增加生物降解能力,从而提高生物化学处理效率。电凝聚是用吸附等温线形式模拟,实验发现与朗缪尔(Langmuir)和雷德克-普劳斯尼茨(Radke-Prausnitz)预测的等温线模型完全匹配。

关键词：制浆造纸废水化学需氧量去除率生物降解能力指数脱色等温线反应动力学

Duodenitis in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Pathologist Perspective

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2018年第3期8卷 79-86页

作者： Priyavadhana balasubramanian Bhawana Ashok Badhe Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh Lakshmi c. Panicker Pazhanivel Mohan Departments of Pathology JIPMER Puducherry India Medical Gastroenterology JIPMER Puducherry India

Aims: To study the histomorphology of duodenitis associated with systemic autoimmune diseases with clinicopathologic correlation. Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive prospective study. Fifteen patients of autoimmune diseases with duodenitis were included. Informed consent was taken. Histomorphological parameters studied were villous architecture, crypt architecture, intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) count per 100 enterocytes, villous tip IEL count per 20 enterocytes were counted, inflammatory cells in lamina propria—lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, epithelioid cells. Statistical analysis was done using IBM-SPSS software version 21. Results: Fifteen cases of duodenitis associated with autoimmune diseases included 6 patients of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 5 of rheumatoid arthritis, one each of ankylosing spondylitis, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis and seronegative reactive arthritis. All these cases were serologically proven. Only 3 (20%) patients had mild villous blunting. Six patients (46.7%) had increased IEL counts. The range of IELs was 8 - 30, mean ± SD was 14 ± 7.6. Range of villous tip IELs was 0 - 8 with mean ± SD of 3.45 ± 2.56. Six patients (46.7%) had increased IEL counts but only 3 patients (20%) had increased villous tip IELs. All patients had moderate increase in lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in lamina propria. Eosinophils in lamina propria were increased in 46.7% cases.? conclusion: One of the causes for malabsorptive conditions in adult population in South India is found to be duodenitis associated with autoimmune conditions. We conclude that a combination of clinical, serological, endoscopic and histopathologic features is crucial in arriving at a correct diagnosis.

关键词： Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Duodenitis

Study and Analysis of Defect Amplification Index in Technology Variant Business Application Development through Fault Injection Patterns

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2010年第4期3卷 364-373页

作者： Paloli Mohammed Shareef Midthe Vijayaraghavan Srinath Subbiah balasubramanian Anna University Coimbatore India. Mahendra Engineering college Namakkal India Trimentus Technologies Chennai India

Software reliability for business applications is becoming a topic of interest in the IT community. An effective method to validate and understand defect behaviour in a software application is Fault Injection. Fault injection involves the deliberate insertion of faults or errors into software in order to determine its response and to study its behaviour. Fault Injection Modeling has demonstrated to be an effective method for study and analysis of defect response, validating fault-tolerant systems, and understanding systems behaviour in the presence of injected faults. The objectives of this study are to measure and analyze defect leakage;Amplification Index (AI) of errors and examine “Domino” effect of defects leaked into subsequent Software Development Life cycle phases in a business application. The approach endeavour to demonstrate the phasewise impact of leaked defects, through causal analysis and quantitative analysis of defects leakage and amplification index patterns in system built using technology variants (c#, VB 6.0, Java).

关键词： Fault Injection Amplification Index (AI) Domino Effect Defect Leakage

Iron and Nitrogen containing carbon catalysts with Enhanced Activity for Oxygen Reduction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cells

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Open Journal of Physical chemistry 2011年第1期1卷 11-22页

作者： chitturi Venkateswara Rao Lingam Hima Kumar balasubramanian Viswanathan 不详

Iron and nitrogen containing carbon catalysts were prepared by the pyrolysis of iron (III) tetramethoxyphenylporphyrin complex adsorbed on as-received as well as nitric acid treated carbon black and employed them as oxygen reduction electrodes for hydrogen-oxygen PEM fuel cells. The influence of carbon surface functional groups on the dispersion of active species and electrocatalytic performance is investigated using electron microscopic and electrochemical techniques. The existence of quinone functional groups on the nitric acid treated carbon was evident from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Rotating disk electrode voltammetry results affirmed the good electrocatalytic activity and stability of pyrolyzed macrocyclic complex adsorbed on nitric acid treated carbon compared to that of as-received carbon. This is ascribed to the greater number of Fe/N active species as well as good dispersion of metal clusters over nitric acid treated carbon support. Fuel cell tests depicted the comparable performance of pyrolyzed complex adsorbed on nitric acid treated carbon with commercial Pt/c at 353 K. Durability measurements performed under fuel cell operating conditions for 120 h indicate the good stability of the catalysts.

关键词： Iron-Based clusters Non-Precious catalysts Oxygen Reduction PEM fuel cells

A study on the effect of using mangrove leaf extracts as a feed additive in the progress of bacterial infections in marine ornamental fish

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Journal of coastal Life Medicine 2013年第3期 217-224页

作者： Nagarajan Balachandran Dhayanithi Thipramalai Thankappan Ajith Kumar Thangavelu balasubramanian Kapila Tissera centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502Tamil NaduIndia Kerala Aqua Venture International Ltd. CochinKeralaIndia

Objective:To ascertain the feasibility of using sustainable natural resources in maintaining disease free fish in such ***:causative bacteria were identified by morphology and biochemical *** antibacterial activity and disease resistant capability of mangrove plant leaf extract were investigated against fish ***:The infected marine ornamental fishes were collected from the hatchery condition and inhibition activity at the concentration of 220,200,175 and 150μg/mL against Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and Vibrio anguillarum *** experimental trial reveals feeding marine ornamental fish with feed incorporated with a methanol leaf extract of Avicennia marina,increases their survival and reduces their susceptibility to infections from the isolated *** on the in vitro assay,methanol extract of Avicennia marina was exhibited good conclusions:The mangrove leaves have potential to control the infections caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio anguillarum.

关键词： Infected fish challenge experiment Leukocytes Disease resistance Mangrove herbal Bacterial infections

In vitro antibacterial,alpha-amylase inhibition potential of three nudibranchs extracts from South East coast of India

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Journal of coastal Life Medicine 2013年第3期 186-192页

作者： Giji Sadhasivam Arumugam Muthuvel Wanjale Mrunal Vitthal Abirami Pachaiyappan Mohan Kumar balasubramanian Thangavel centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502India

Objective:To study the antibacterial and antiamylase properties of methanol and acetone extracts of nudibranchs including Bursatella leachii(***),Kalinga ornata(***),Aplysia ***:crude methanol and acetone extracts of sea slugs were tested for inhibition of fish bacterial pathogens'growth through disc diffusion *** activity was measured based on the formation of inhibition zone around the disc impregnated with crude ***α-amylase inhibitory effect was also measured *** chemical fingerprinting of the extract was recorded with HPTLc and ***:The solvent extracts of all the three sea slugs showed antibacterial *** maximum zone of inhibition(>15-20 mm)was recorded for methanol and acetone extracts of *** methanol extract of Aplysia *** 93%inhibition againstα-amylase,following by ***(methanol)70.6%and ***(methanol)49.03%inhibition *** acetone extracts didn't show any notable *** presence of free amino acids like lysine,aspartic acid,glutamic acid,arginine etc.,terpenoids and pigents were confirmed through HPTLc *** presence of siloxanes and propanoic acid were also revealed through ***:This study suggests that further scrutinisation of the ***,*** and Aplysia *** pave the way for development of antibacterial andα-amylase inhibitory agent for therapeutic application.

关键词： Antibacterial α-amylase inhibitory effect Pigents and terpenoids