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Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of British columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P Gc-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Atul c.Khot chenjie Yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic ***,they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy,display,healthcare,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity,optical transparency,and enhanced mechanical *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using selfcracking-assisted *** this method,we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency(97.39%),high conductance(Rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work function(5.16 eV),and good mechanical *** also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics,organic light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing,resulting in exceptional device *** addition,the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.

关键词： Self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory

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连续分蜜机用不锈钢激光打孔筛网

广西甘蔗 1996年第2期 81-88页

作者： K.c.a.crant E.Patino 苏毅澳哥伦比亚

用由世界各地儿个组织长达7年所进行的试验得出的结果进行了回顾,将不锈钢激光打孔(SSL)分蜜机筛网与普通软镍筛网进行了比较。测定数据包括最终糖蜜纯度、分蜜能力、筛网寿命以及筛网的抗张强度的分析等等。所有这些自从SSL筛网首次出... 详细信息

用由世界各地儿个组织长达7年所进行的试验得出的结果进行了回顾,将不锈钢激光打孔(SSL)分蜜机筛网与普通软镍筛网进行了比较。测定数据包括最终糖蜜纯度、分蜜能力、筛网寿命以及筛网的抗张强度的分析等等。所有这些自从SSL筛网首次出现以来所进行的试验表明,SSL筛网在许多情况下都是镍筛网一种划算的替代品。

关键词：连续分蜜机不锈钢激光打孔筛网 SSL 最终糖蜜纯度分蜜能力筛网寿命抗张强度制糖工艺

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泥质岩石低压部分熔融时的相平衡

地球与环境 1986年第4期 159-176页

作者： J.A.crant 白正华

引言在石英-白云母分解线上的低压、高温条件下,夕线石、堇青石、石榴石和斜方辉石是区域变质和接触变质环境混合岩中的常见矿物。特别是熔融与脱水反应 Qtz+Als+Bio=Kfs+cdt+Gar+V 和 Qtz+Bio+Gar=Kfs+cdt+Opx+V 之间的关系对于这种组... 详细信息

引言在石英-白云母分解线上的低压、高温条件下,夕线石、堇青石、石榴石和斜方辉石是区域变质和接触变质环境混合岩中的常见矿物。特别是熔融与脱水反应 Qtz+Als+Bio=Kfs+cdt+Gar+V 和 Qtz+Bio+Gar=Kfs+cdt+Opx+V 之间的关系对于这种组合的解释是很重要的（缩写符号见表1）。Holdaway和 Lee（1977）研究了 K;O-FeO-Al;O;-SiO;-H;O 体系（KFASII）的两个反应:Qtz+Als+Bio=Kfs+cdt+V 和 cdt=Qtz+Als+Gar+V,并确定了这两个反应的交点为740℃ 和

关键词：包晶反应包晶转变黑云母相平衡热力学平衡钾长石碱性长石斜方辉石正辉石部分熔融石榴石石榴子石宝石泥质石英硅氧矿物岩石低压电压

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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金属毒性研究(Ⅰ)

粉末冶金材料科学与工程 2001年第1期6卷 12-18页

作者：阮建明 crant M H 黄伯云粉末冶金国家重点实验室长沙410083 Bioengineering Unit Strathclyde University In Glasgow Glasgow G4 0NW

细胞毒性分析是评定生物材料相容性实验标准(ASTM,ISO)中极为重要的项目.作者采用体外细胞培养模式,研究了构成金属和合金生物材料的金属离子(Al,Ni,cr,V,Ag)的毒性.通过测定细胞碱式磷酸酶(ALP)活性及细胞四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)还原能力... 详细信息

细胞毒性分析是评定生物材料相容性实验标准(ASTM,ISO)中极为重要的项目.作者采用体外细胞培养模式,研究了构成金属和合金生物材料的金属离子(Al,Ni,cr,V,Ag)的毒性.通过测定细胞碱式磷酸酶(ALP)活性及细胞四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)还原能力,对现行的常用金属生物材料的毒性进行了定量评估,进而探讨金属离子或原子对人体组织的毒害和腐蚀作用.研究结果表明,微量六价铬离子即表现出强烈的细胞毒性.当溶液离子浓度高于100μmol/L时,钒和三价铬亦表现强烈毒性.银离子浓度高于500μmol/L后表现毒性.引起老年痴呆病的金属铝离子的毒性具有双向性(Biphase).当浓度低于10μmol/L时,铝离子刺激细胞增殖;浓度处于10～1000μmol/L,参数持平,当浓度高于800μmol/L时,毒性增加.此外,作者详细介绍了细胞培养、细胞病毒基因转染、测定细胞碱式磷酸酶活性及细胞四甲基砜还原能力测定等细胞分子生物学技术.

关键词：生物材料金属毒性细胞分子生物学技术

Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer c.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric critical care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury