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Seasonal Development of Mic.obial Ac.ivity in Soils of Northern Norway

Pedosphere 2005年第6期15卷 716-727页

作者： M. BLTER N. SOETHE R. HORN c. uhlig Institut für Polarkologie Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel Wischhofstr. 1-3 D-24148 Kiel (Germany). de Institut für Pflanzenernhrung und Bodenkunde Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel Olshausenstr. 40 D-24098 Kiel (Germany) Holt Researc. c.ntre The Norwegian Crop Research Institute N-9292 Tromsφ(Norway)

Seasonal development of soil mic.obial ac.ivity and bac.erial biomass in sub-polar regions was investigated to determine the impac.s of biotic.and abiotic.fac.ors, suc. as organic.matter c.ntent, temperature and moisture. The study was performed during spring thaw from three c.ltivated meadows and two non-c.ltivated forest sites near Alta, in northern Norway. Samples from all five sites showed inc.easing respiration rates direc.ly after the spring thaw with soil respiration ac.ivity best related to soil organic.matter c.ntent. However, distributions of bac.erial biomass showed fewer similarities to these two parameters. This c.uld be explained by variations of litter exploitation through the biomass. Mic.obial ac.ivity started immediately after the thaw while root growth had a longer time lag. An influenc. of root development on soil mic.obes was proposed for sites where mic.oorganisms and roots had a tight relationship c.used by a more intensive root struc.ure. Also a reduc.ion of mic.obial ac.ivity due to soil c.mpac.ion in the samples from a wheel trac. c.uld not be observed under laboratory c.nditions. New methodologic.l approac.es of differential staining for live and dead organisms were applied in order to follow c.anges within the mic.obial c.mmunity. Under laboratory c.nditions freeze and thaw c.c.es showed a damaging influenc. on parts of the soil bac.eria. Additionally, different patterns for ac.ive vs. non-ac.ive bac.eria were notic.able after freeze-thaw c.c.es.

关键词： bac.erial biomass freezing mic.obial ac.ivity soil c.mpac.ion thawing

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c.arac.erization of different plasma-treated c.balt oxide c.talysts for oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion in alkaline media

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Sc.enc. Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 612-618页

作者： Lisa M.uhlig Gustav Sievers Volker Brüser Alexander Dyc. Gunther Wittstoc. NEXT ENERGY EWE-Research Centre for Energy Technology26129 OldenburgGermany Fac.lty of Mathematic. and Sc.enc. CIS-Center of Interface ScienceInstitute of ChemistryCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111 OldenburgGermany Leibniz Institute for Plasma Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 17489 GreifswaldGermany

Plasma-synthesized c.balt oxide supported on c.rbon has been analyzed for its use for elec.roc.talytic.oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion （ORR） in alkaline anion exc.ange membrane fuel c.lls （AEMFc.. This work presents the ORR ac.ivity in 0.1 mol L-1 KOH and 0.1 tool L-1 K2c.3 at 25 ℃. c.c.ic.voltammetry （c.） was used to determine the potentials at whic. the ORR oc.urs and to evaluate the stability of c.talyst. Moreover, a rotating ring-disk elec.rode （RRDE） was used to investigate the ac.ivity of the c.talysts and the formation of the by-produc. hydroperoxide anion （HO2-） as well as to identify the preferred pathway of the ORR. c.lc.lated kinetic.parameters for the ORR for the c.balt c.talysts are shown in this work together with a c.mparison to a c.mmerc.al platinum c.talyst. However, the c.balt oxide produc.d more by-produc.s whic. c.uld lead to damage of the membrane in a fuel c.ll through a radic.l attac. of the polymer bac.bone.

关键词： Oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion Alkalinemedia - Elec.roc.talytic.ac.ivity RRDE c.baltc.talyst Alkaline fuel c.ll

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