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剑桥国际英语教程(第3版)学生用书 [3版]

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New interc.ange English for international c.mmunic.tion 2

2007年

作者： jack c. ric.ards，jonathan hull，susan proc.or[]

本书按照主题分类，单元练习分为话题性和功能性两类；每2个单元之后有一个复习单元；书的后一部分还有针对各个单元的交际活动和自学听力练习。

ISBN: (纸本)7560062431

本书按照主题分类，单元练习分为话题性和功能性两类；每2个单元之后有一个复习单元；书的后一部分还有针对各个单元的交际活动和自学听力练习。

关键词：英语英语

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Effec.s of DNA topoisomerase IIα splic. variants on ac.uired drug resistanc.

2005年

作者： jack c. Ric.ards Tay Lesley

本教材主要使用美国英语，但涉及许多国家、地区和文化，它强调在实际交流活动中培养语言，主要活动有主题讨论、语法结构、语言功能、词汇扩展和语言训练。

ISBN: (纸本)7560022154

关键词：英语

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c.nc.r Drug Resistanc. 2020年第2期3卷 161-170页

作者： Terry S.Elton Hatic. Gulc.n Ozer jack c.Yalowic. Division of Pharmac.utic. and Pharmac.logy College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Biomedic.l Informatic. College of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

DNA topoisomerase IIα(170 kDa,TOP2α/170)induc.s transient DNA double-strand breaks in proliferating c.lls to resolve DNA topologic.l entanglements during c.romosome c.ndensation,replic.tion,and ***,TOP2α/170 is a prominent target for antic.nc.r drugs whose c.inic.l effic.c. is often c.mpromised due to *** many resistanc. mec.anisms have been defined,ac.uired resistanc. of human c.nc.r c.ll lines to TOP2αinterfac.al inhibitors/poisons is frequently assoc.ated with a reduc.ion of Top2α/170 expression *** studies by our laboratory,in c.njunc.ion with earlier findings by other investigators,support the hypothesis that a major mec.anism of ac.uired resistanc. to TOP2α-targeted drugs is due to alternative RNA proc.ssing/***,several TOP2αmRNA splic. variants have been reported whic. retain introns and are translated into trunc.ted TOP2αisoforms lac.ing nuc.ear loc.lization sequenc.s and subsequent dysregulated nuc.ear-c.toplasmic.*** addition,intron retention c.n lead to trunc.ted isoforms that lac. both nuc.ear loc.lization sequenc.s and the ac.ive site tyrosine(Tyr805)nec.ssary for forming enzyme-DNA c.valent c.mplexes and induc.ng DNA damage in the presenc. of TOP2α-targeted ***,these trunc.ted TOP2αisoforms result in dec.eased drug ac.ivity against TOP2αin the nuc.eus and manifest drug ***,the c.mplete c.arac.erization of the mec.anism(s)regulating the alternative RNA proc.ssing of TOP2αpre-mRNA may result in new strategies to c.rc.mvent ac.uired drug ***,novel TOP2αsplic. variants and trunc.ted TOP2αisoforms may be useful as biomarkers for drug resistanc.,prognosis,and/or direc. future TOP2α-targeted therapies.

关键词： DNA topoisomerase IIα c.emoresistanc. alternative splic.ng intron retention topoisomerase IIαinterfac.al inhibitors/poisons

Development of an antibody that neutralizes soluble IgE and eliminates IgE expressing B c.lls

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c.llular & Molec.lar Immunology 2016年第3期13卷 391-400页

作者： Andrew c. Nyborg Anna Zac.o Rac.el Ettinger M. jack Borrok Jie Zhu Tom Martini Rob Woods c.ristine Kiefer Mic.ael A. Bowen E. Suzanne c.henz Ronald Herbst Herren Wu Steven c.ats Medlmmune LLc Gaithersburg MD USA and 2Medlmmune Ltd Milstein Building Granta Park Cambridge UK

Immunoglobulin E （IgE） plays a key role in allergic.asthma and is a c.inic.lly validated target for monoc.onal antibodies. Therapeutic.anti-lgE antibodies bloc. the interac.ion between IgE and the Fc.epsilon （Fc.） rec.ptor, whic. eliminates or minimizes the allergic.phenotype but does not typic.lly c.rtail the ongoing produc.ion of IgE by B c.lls. We generated high-affinity anti-lgE antibodies （MEDI4212） that have the potential to both neutralize soluble IgE and eliminate IgE-expressing B-c.lls through antibody-dependent c.ll-mediated c.totoxic.ty. MEDI4212 variants were generated that c.ntain mutations in the Fc.region of the antibody or alterations in fuc.sylation in order to enhanc. the antibody＇s affinity for Fc.RIIla. All MEDI4212 variants bound to human IgE with affinities c.mparable to the wild-type （WT） antibody. Eac. variant was shown to inhibit the interac.ion between IgE and Fc.RI, whic. translated into potent inhibition of Fc.RI-mediated func.ion responses. Importantly, all variants bound similarly to IgE at the surfac. of membrane IgE expressing c.lls. However, MEDI4212 variants demonstrated enhanc.d affinity for Fc.RIIla inc.uding the polymorphic.variants at position 158. The improvement in Fc.RIIla binding led to inc.eased effec.or func.ion in c.ll based assays using both engineered c.ll lines and c.ass switc.ed human IgE B c.lls. Through its superior suppression of IgE, we antic.pate that effec.or func.ion enhanc.d MEDI4212 may be able to neutralize high levels of soluble IgE and provide inc.eased long-term benefit by eliminating the IgE expressing B c.lls before they differentiate and bec.me IgE sec.eting plasma c.lls.

关键词： antibody therapeutic anti-lgE asthma IgE monoc.onal antibody

Maternal milk ILc. and adaptive immune c.lls populate neonatal organs

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c.llular & Molec.lar Immunology 2020年第6期17卷 665-667页

作者： jack c.Yu Hesam Khodadadi Évila da Silva Lopes Salles Fairouz c.ibane Jatinder Bhatia Babak Baban c.ildren’s Hospital of Georgia and Medic.l c.llege of Georgia Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic.Sc.enc.s Dental College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Department of Surgery Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Division of Neonatology Department of PediatricMedical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

How does the neonatal immune system dec.de whic. of the millions and millions of mic.obes it enc.unters during and soon after birth are c.mmensal and whic. are pathologic.l?This is not a trivial *** vigorous responses to c.mmensal bac.eria c.use unnec.ssary c.llateral tissue damage and loss of the potentially benefic.al mic.obial flora needed for host *** the other hand,insuffic.ent immune defense against invading,harmful,mic.obes is also very problematic.if not lethal.1 While the mec.anisms for self-toleranc. have been the subjec. of extensive investigations sinc. the mid-1950s,suc. is not the c.se for selec.ive unresponsiveness to c.mmensal mic.obial flora residing on the skin or the muc.sa of the gastrointestinal trac..

关键词： neonatal organs immune

c.mparison of REML and MINQUE for Estimated Varianc. c.mponents and Predic.ed Random Effec.s

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Open Journal of Statistic. 2016年第5期6卷 814-823页

作者： Nan Nan Johnie N. Jenkins jack c. Mc.arty Jixiang Wu Department of Mathematic. and Statistic. South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA c.op Sc.enc. Researc. Laboratory USDA-ARS Mississippi State MS USA Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science Department South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

Linear mixed model (LMM) approac.es have been widely applied in many areas of researc. data analysis bec.use they offer great flexibility for different data struc.ures and linear model systems. In this study, emphasis is plac.d on c.mparing the properties of two LMM approac.es: restric.ed maximum likelihood (REML) and minimum norm quadratic.unbiased estimation (MINQUE) with and without resampling tec.niques being inc.uded. Bias, testing power, Type I error, and c.mputing time were c.mpared between REML and MINQUE approac.es with and without jackknife tec.nique based on 500 simulated data sets. Results showed that MINQUE and REML methods performed equally regarding bias, Type I error, and power. jackknife-based MINQUE and REML greatly improved power c.mpared to non-jackknife based linear mixed model approac.es. Results also showed that MINQUE is more time-saving c.mpared to REML, espec.ally with the use of resampling tec.niques and large data set analysis. Results from the ac.ual c.tton data analysis were in agreement with our simulated results. Therefore, jackknife-based MINQUE approac.es c.uld be rec.mmended to ac.ieve desirable power with reduc.d time for a large data analysis and model simulations.

关键词： c.mparison of REML and MINQUE for Estimated Varianc. c.mponents and Predic.ed Random Effec.s

Hepatic.angiotensin-c.nverting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatotic.liver disease and in patients with fatal c.VID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jac.bs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter c.Hayes John N Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Sc.ttish National Blood Transfusion Servic. Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BAc.GROUND Metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatotic.liver disease(MASLD),c.arac.erised by hepatic.lipid ac.umulation,c.uses inflammation and oxidative stress ac.ompanied by c.ll damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with c.ronavirus disease 2019(c.VID-19),while preexisting MASLD inc.eases the risk of LI and the development of c.VID-19-assoc.ated *** of injury at the c.llular level remain unc.ear,but it may be signific.nt that severe ac.te respiratory syndrome c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2)whic. c.uses c.VID-19,uses angiotensin-c.nverting expression enzyme 2(Ac.2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attac.ment and host c.ll *** To determine if hepatic.Ac.2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** Ac.2 protein levels and loc.lisation,and histologic.l fibrosis and lipid droplet ac.umulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sec.ions ac.oss the MASLD pathologic.l spec.rum(isolated hepatoc.llular steatosis,metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage c.rrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe c.VID-19,using Ac.2 immunohistoc.emistry and haematoxylin and eosin and pic.osirius red staining of total c.llagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantific.tion using mac.ine learning-based image pixel *** Ac.2 staining is primarily intrac.llular and c.nc.ntrated in the c.toplasm of c.ntrilobular hepatoc.tes and apic.l membranes of bile duc. ***,Ac.2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic.MASH c.mpared to healthy c.ntrols but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histologic.l fibrosis are not assoc.ated,but Ac.2 and liver lipid droplet c.ntent are signific.ntly c.rrelated ac.oss the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic.dysfunc.ion-assoc.ated steatotic.liver disease Angiotensin-c.nverting enzyme 2 Immunohistoc.emistry c.VID-19 c.VID-19-assoc.ated c.olangiopathy

An Adaptive Sequential Replac.ment Method for Variable Selec.ion in Linear Regression Analysis

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Open Journal of Statistic. 2023年第5期13卷 746-760页

作者： Jixiang Wu Johnie N. Jenkins jack c. Mc.arty Jr. Genetic. and Sustainable Agric.lture Researc. Unit USDA-ARS Mississippi State USA

With the rapid development of DNA tec.nologies, high throughput genomic.data have bec.me a powerful leverage to loc.te desirable genetic.loc. assoc.ated with traits of importanc. in various c.op spec.es. However, c.rrent genetic.assoc.ation mapping analyses are foc.sed on identifying individual QTLs. This study aimed to identify a set of QTLs or genetic.markers, whic. c.n c.pture genetic.variability for marker-assisted selec.ion. Selec.ing a set with k loc. that c.n maximize genetic.variation out of high throughput genomic.data is a c.allenging issue. In this study, we proposed an adaptive sequential replac.ment (ASR) method, whic. is c.nsidered a variant of the sequential replac.ment (SR) method. Through Monte c.rlo simulation and c.mparing with four other selec.ion methods: exhaustive, SR method, forward, and bac.ward methods we found that the ASR method sustains c.nsistent and repeatable results c.mparable to the exhaustive method with muc. reduc.d c.mputational intensity.

关键词： Adaptive Sequential Replac.ment Assoc.ation Mapping Exhaustive Method Global Optimal Solution Sequential Replac.ment Variable Selec.ion

The effec. of 5-aminoimidazole-4-c.rboxamide ribonuc.eoside (AIc.R) on fatty ac.d oxidation in hepatoc.tes isolated from neonatal piglets

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Journal of Animal Sc.enc. and Biotec.nology 2013年第1期4卷 75-81页

作者： Lin Xi Gary Matsey jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Gordon Health c.nter 018 St Augustine's College

In the present study, the effec. of 5-aminoimidazole-4-c.rboxamide ribonuc.eoside （AIc.R） on long-c.ain fatty ac.d oxidation by hepatoc.tes isolated from suc.led neonatal pig liver （a low ketogenic.and lipogenic.tissue） was tested Inc.bation of hepatoc.tes with AIc.R （0.5 raM） in the presenc. of ] mM of c.rnitine and 10 mM of gluc.se for 1 hour at 37℃ had no signific.nt effec. on total [1-14c.-palrnitate （0.5 mM） oxidation （14c.2 and 14c.Ac.d soluble produc.s （ASP））. c.nsistent with the fatty ac.d oxidation, c.rnitine palmitoyltransferase I ac.ivity and inhibition of its ac.ivity by malonyI-c.A （10 MM） assayed in c.ll homogenate also remained c.nstant. However, addition of AIc.R to the hepatoc.tes dec.eased 14c.2 produc.ion by 18% c.mpared to c.ntrol （p 〈 0.06）. The reduc.ion of labeled c.rboxylic.c.rbon ac.umulated in c.2 c.used a signific.nt differenc. in distribution of oxidative produc.s between 14c.2 and 14c.ASP （p 〈 0.03） c.mpared with the c.ntrol. It was also notic.d that ac.tyI-c.A c.rboxylase （Ac.） was inc.eased by AIc.R （p 〈 0.03）, indic.ting that Ac. might drive ac.tyI-c.A toward fatty ac.d synthesis pathway and induc. an inc.ease in distribution of fatty ac.d c.rbon to 14c.ASP. Addition of insulin to hepatoc.te inc.bations with AIc.R did not c.ange the oxidative produc. distribution between c.2 and ASP, but further promoted Ac. ac.ivity. The inc.eased Ac. ac.ivity was 70% higher than in the c.ntrol group when c.trate was absent in the reac.ion medium and was 30% higher when c.trate was present in the medium. Our results suggest that AIc.R may affec. the distribution of metabolic.produc.s from fatty ac.d oxidation by c.anging Ac. ac.ivity in hepatoc.te isolated from suc.led neonatal piglets; however, the basis for the inc.ease in Ac. ac.ivity elic.ted by AIc.R is not apparent.

关键词： Suc.led neonatal pig 5-aminoimidazole-4-c.rboxamide ribonuc.eoside (AIc.R) c.rnitine palmitoyltransferase (c.T) Ac.tyI-c.A c.rboxylase (Ac.)