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A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： Mary c.mullins Department of cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGcs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

卫生经济学评价报告标准共识2022(cHEERS 2022):卫生经济学评价报告指导意见更新版

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第8期25卷 460-465页

作者： Don Husereau Michael Drummond Federico Augustovski Esther de Bekker-Grob Andrew H Briggs chris carswell Lisa caulley Nathorn chaiyakunapruk Dan Greenberg Elizabeth Loder Josephine Mauskopf c daniel mullins Stavros Petrou Raoh-Fang Pwu Sophie Staniszewska on behalf of cHEERSISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force 肖月(译) 邱英鹏(译) 史黎炜(译) 张治国(译) 张歆(译) 王海银(译) 翟铁民(译) School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of OttawaOntarioCanada Institute of Health EconomicsAlbertaCanada centre for Health Economics University of YorkYorkUK Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy(IEcS-cONIcET) Buenos Aires University of Buenos AiresBuenos Aires CONICET(National Scientific and Technical Research Council)Buenos AiresArgentina Erasmus School of Health Policy&Management Erasmus University RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine LondonEnglandUK Adis Journals Springer NatureAucklandNew Zealand Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery University of OttawaOntarioCanada Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for JournalologyOttawa Hospital Research InstituteOntarioCanada Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pharmacotherapy College of PharmacyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA Department of Health Policy and Management School of Public HealthFaculty of Health SciencesBen-Gurion University of the NegevBe′er-ShevaIsrael Harvard Medical School BostonMAUSA The BMJLondonUK RTI Health Solutions RTI InternationalResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA School of Pharmacy University of Maryland BaltimoreBaltimoreMDUSA Nuffield Department of Primary care Health Sciences University of OxfordOxfordUK National Hepatitis c Program Office Ministry of Health and WelfareTaipei CityTaiwanChina Warwick Research in Nursing University of Warwick Warwick Medical SchoolWarwickUK 不详国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心北京100043 国家药品和卫生技术综合评估中心北京00043 英国谢菲尔德大学(The University of Sheffield) 谢菲尔德S102TN 华中科技大学武汉430074 哈尔滨医科大学哈尔滨150086 上海市卫生和健康发展研究中心上海200031

卫生经济学评价是对备选行动方案的成本和结果的比较分析。2013年发表的《卫生经济学评价报告标准共识》(cHEERS)提出了卫生经济学评价的特点,确保结果正确阐释,以支持决策制订。2013版cHEERS旨在指导研究报告撰写者准确报告卫生干预和... 详细信息

卫生经济学评价是对备选行动方案的成本和结果的比较分析。2013年发表的《卫生经济学评价报告标准共识》(cHEERS)提出了卫生经济学评价的特点,确保结果正确阐释,以支持决策制订。2013版cHEERS旨在指导研究报告撰写者准确报告卫生干预和对照措施、背景、过程、结果等评价细节,使审稿人理解文章内容,帮助读者使用研究结果。本版共识将取代2013版共识,其更加适用于各类卫生经济学评价,结合学科发展和方法更新的需要,更注重患者、公众等相关利益方的参与。本共识适用多种个体或人群健康干预措施(简单或复杂)在不同政策场景的应用分析,包括医疗服务、公共卫生、教育、社会服务等。本文概要介绍了cHEERS 2022共识中包含的28个检查项及每一个检查项的相关建议。cHEERS 2022共识主要用于指导研究人员撰写拟投递同行评议学术期刊的卫生经济学评价文章,亦可用于期刊编辑和审稿专家对待发表文章的评价。熟悉了解本共识要求,还有助于研究人员规划评价研究。随着决策透明度要求提高,本共识可支持卫生技术评估机构建立评价报告标准。

关键词：期刊编辑审稿专家检查项学术期刊审稿人公共卫生人群健康评价报告

Soil Temperature Dependent Growth of cotton Seedlings Before Emergence

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Pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 54-59页

作者： G.NABI c.E.mullins Land Resources Research Program National Agricultural Research CentrePark RoadIslamabad45500 (Pakistan) Department of Plant and Soil Science Cruickshank BuildingUniversity of AberdeenAB24 3UU (UK)

Soil temperature is an important variable governing plant growth and development. Studies were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of soil temperature on root and shoot growth of cotton during emergence. cotton seedlings were grown for 192 h at 20, 32 and 38℃ in soil packed in 300 mm long and 50 mm diameter cylinders. The data indicated that the longest roots （173 ram） as well as shoots （152 mm） were recorded at 32℃ followed by 20 （130 mm root and 82 mm shoot） and 38℃ （86 mm root and 50 mm shoot）. Roots grown at 20 and 38 ℃ were 20% and 50% shorter, respectively, than those grown at 32℃ after 192 h. Roots and shoots exhibited the lowest length and dry biomass at 38 ℃. Shoot lengths grown at 20 （74 mm） and 38℃（51 mm） were 44% and 61% shorter than those grown at 32℃（131 mm） after 180 h growth period, respectively. Growth at all three temperatures followed a similar pattern. Initially there was a linear growth phase followed by the reduction or cessation of growth. Time to cessation of growth varied with temperature and decreased faster at higher temperatures. Sowing of cotton should be accomplished before seedbed reaches a soil temperature （≥ 38 ℃） detrimental for emergence. Further, the seedbeds should be capable of providing sufficient moisture and essential nutrients for emerging seedling before its seed reserves are exhausted to enhance seedling establishment in soil.

关键词： linear growth root/shoot elongation soil temperature

Efects of solution chemistry on arsenic(V) removal by low-cost adsorbents

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2291-2298页

作者： Yuru Wang daniel c.W.Tsang Department of civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of civil and Natural Resources Engineering University of Canterbury

Natural and anthropogenic arsenic （As） contamination of water sources pose serious health concerns, especially for small communities in rural areas. This study assessed the applicability of three industrial byproducts （coal fly ash, lignite, and green waste compost） as the low-cost adsorbents for As（V） removal under various field-relevant conditions （dissolved oxygen, As（V）/Fe ratio, solution pH, and presence of competing species）. The physico-chemical properties of the adsorbents were characterized by XRD, XRF, FT-IR, and NMR analysis. Batch experiments demonstrated that coal fly ash could provide effective As（V） removal （82.1%-95%） because it contained high content of amorphous iron/aluminium hydroxides for As（V） adsorption and dissolvable calcium minerals for calcium arsenate precipitation. However, the addition of lignite and green waste compost was found unfavourable since they hindered the As（V） removal by 10%-42% possibly due to dissolution of organic matter and ternary arsenate-iron-organic matter complexes. On the other hand, higher concentrations of dissolved iron （comparing As（V）/Fe ratios of 1：1 and 1：10） and dissolved oxygen （comparing 0.2 and 6 mg/L） only marginally enhanced the As（V） removal at pH 6 and 8. Thus, addition of dissolved iron, water aeration, or pH adjustment became unnecessary because coal fly ash was able to provide effective As（V） removal under the natural range of geochemical conditions. Moreover, the presence of low levels of background competing （0.8 or 8 mg/L of humic acid, phosphate, and silicate） imposed little influence on As（V） removal, possibly because the high adsorption capacity of coal fly ash was far from exhaustion. These results suggested that coal fly ash was a potentially promising adsorbent that warranted further investigation.

关键词： adsorption arsenic coal fly ash green waste compost lignite

Fitness and physiology of Adelges tsugae （Hemiptera： Adelgidae） in relation to the health of the eastern hemlock

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 843-853页

作者： Anne c. Jones Donald E. mullins carlyle Brewster James P. Rhea Scott M. Salom Department of Entomology Pennsylvania State University PA 16801 Department of Entomology Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USDA Forest Service Asheville NC 28804-3454 USA

The hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand is an invasive insect that frequently causes hemlock （Tsuga spp.） mortality in the eastern United States. Studies have shown that once healthy hemlocks become infested by the adelgid, nutrients are depleted from the tree, leading to both tree decline and a reduction of the adelgid population. Since A. tsugae is dependent on hemlock for nutrients, feeding on trees in poor health may affect the ability of the insect to obtain necessary nutrients and may consequently affect their physiological and population health. Trees were categorized as lightly or moderately impacted by A. tsugae based on quantitative and qualitative tree health measurements. Population health ofA. tsugae on each tree was determined by measuring insect density and peak mean fecundity; A. tsugae physiological health was determined by measuring insect biomass, total carbon, carbohydrate, total nitrogen, and amino nitrogen levels. Adelges tsugae from moderately impacted trees exhibited significantly greater fecundity than from lightly impacted trees. However, A. tsugae from lightly impacted hemlocks contained significantly greater levels of carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and amino nitrogen. While the results of the physiological analysis generally support our hypothesis that A. tsugae on lightly impacted trees are healthier than those on moderately impacted trees, this was not reflected in the population health measurements. Adelges tsugae egg health in response to tree health should be verified. This study provides the first examination of A. tsugae physiological health in relation to standard A. tsugae population health measures on hemlocks of different health levels.

关键词： Adelges tsugae carbohydrates fecundity nitrogen tree health Tsuga canadensis

Thermal properties and high-temperature ablation of high-entropy (Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) coating on graphite substrate

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第8期13卷 1268-1281页

作者： Ana c.Feltrin daniel Hedman Farid Akhtar Division of Materials Science Lulea University of TechnologyLulea 97187Sweden center for Multidimensional carbon Materials(cMcM) Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea

An entropy-stabilized multicomponent ultrahigh-temperature ceramic(UHTc)coating,(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2),on a graphite substrate was in-situ sintered by spark plasma sintering(SPs)from constituent transition metal diboride ***(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) coating had a hardness of 31.2±2.1 GPa and resisted 36.9 GPa of stress before delamination,as observed at the *** temperature-dependent thermal properties of the multicomponent diboride(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) were obtained by molecular dynamics(MD)simulations driven by a machine learning force field(MLFF)trained on density functional theory(DFT)*** thermal conductivity,density,heat capacity,and coefficient of thermal expansion obtained by the MD simulations were used in time-dependent thermal stress finite element model(FEM)*** low thermal conductivity(component diboride coupled with its similar coefficient of thermal expansion to that of graphite indicated that stresses of less than 10 GPa were generated at the interface at high temperatures,and therefore,the coating was mechanically resistant to the thermal stress induced during *** experiments at 220℃ showed that the multicomponent diboride coating was resistant to thermal stresses with no visible cracking or *** ablation mechanisms were mechanical denudation and evaporation of B_(2)O_(5) and light V-Ti oxides,which caused a decrease in the mass and thickness of the coating and resulted in mass and linear ablation rates of-0.51 mg·s^(-1) and -1.38μm·s^(-1),respectively,after 60 *** findings demonstrated the thermal and mechanical stability of multicomponent entropy-stabilized diborides as coatings for carbon materials in engineering components under extreme environments.

关键词： entropy-stabilized diborides ultrahigh temperature ceramics molecular dynamics(MD)simulations density functional theory(DFT) ablation properties

Restructuring the lithium-ion battery:A perspective on electrode architectures

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eScience 2023年第4期3卷 12-19页

作者： Samantha N.Lauro James N.Burrow c.Buddie mullins Department of chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1224United States McKetta Department of chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1589United States Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1591United States

The lithium-ion battery(LIB)has enabled portable energy storage,yet increasing societal demands have moti-vated a new generation of more advanced *** the discovery and optimization of battery active ma-terials has been the subject of extensive study since the 1980s,the most disruptive advancements of commercial LIBs in the past decade stem instead from overall cell design and *** pursuit of higher energy density and fast-charging capability,strategies focused on tuning the properties of composite electrode architectures(e.g.,porosity,conductivity,tortuosity,spatial heterogeneity)by restructuring the inactive component matrix of LIB electrode films have recently garnered *** perspective explores recent advances in electrode design through an applied lens,emphasizing synthetic platforms and future research directions that are scalable,commercially feasible,and applicable to a wide range of active *** introduce and critically assess recently proposed strategies for structuring electrode architectures,including spatial gradients of local compo-sition and microstructure;metal-foil current collector alternatives;and electrode templating techniques,evalu-ating both achievements in battery performance and commercial *** with improved active materials,new electrode architectures hold promise to unlock next generation LIBs.

关键词： Electrodes composite films Batteries Microstructure Lithium-ion

Evolving treatment strategies for colorectal cancer: A critical review of current therapeutic options

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期20卷 877-887页

作者： daniel c Damin Anderson R Lazzaron Division of coloproctology Department of Surgery Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Postgraduate Program in Surgery Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Management of rectal cancer has markedly evolved over the last two *** technologies of staging have allowed a more precise definition of tumor *** in surgical concepts and techniques have resulted in higher rates of sphincter preservation and better functional outcome for patients with this ***,preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision has become the standard of care for locally advanced tumors,many controversial matters in management of rectal cancer still need to be *** include the feasibility of a non-surgical approach after a favorable response to neoadjuvant therapy,the ideal margins of surgical resection for sphincter preservation and the adequacy of minimally invasive techniques of tumor *** this article,after an extensive search in PubMed and Embase databases,we critically review the current strategies and the most debatable matters in treatment of rectal cancer.

关键词： Rectal cancer colorectal cancer Staging Sphincter preservation Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy Surgery

Manipulating the Interferon Signaling Pathway: Implications for HIV Infection

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第2期34卷 192-196页

作者： Krystelle Nganou-Makamdop daniel c. Douek Institute of clinical and Molecular Virology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen 91054 Germany Human Immunology Section Vaccine Research Center National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD 20892 USA

During human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, type I interferon(IFN-I) signaling induces an antiviral state that includes the production of restriction factors that inhibit virus replication, thereby limiting the infection. As seen in other viral infections, type I IFN can also increase systemic immune activation which, in HIV disease, is one of the strongest predictors of disease progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) and non-AIDS morbidity and ***, IFN-I is associated with cD4 T cell depletion and attenuation of antigen-specific T cell responses. Therefore,therapeutic manipulation of IFN-I signaling to improve HIV disease outcome is a source of much interest and debate in thefield. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of timing(acute vs. chronic infection) and have suggested that specific targeting of type I IFNs and their subtypes may help harness the beneficial roles of the IFN-I system while avoiding its deleterious activities.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Simian immunodeficiency virus(SIV) Type I interferon(IFN-I) Inflammation