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A Brief Review on Mean Field Optimal control Problem from a Linear Quadratic Perspective

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Journal of Systems Science & complexity 2025年第01期 390-420页

作者： JIANG Xiushan HO Daniel.W.c. ZHANG Weihai college of New Energy China University of Petroleum (East China) Department of Mathematics City University of Hong Kong college of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology

This paper reviews the mean field social(MFS) optimal control problem for multi-agent dynamic systems and the mean-field-type(MFT) optimal control problem for single-agent dynamic systems within the linear quadratic(LQ) framework. For the MFS control problem, this review discusses the existing conclusions on optimization in dynamic systems affected by both additive and multiplicative noises. In exploring MFT optimization, the authors first revisit researches associated with single-player systems constrained by these dynamics. The authors then extend the proposed review to scenarios that include multiple players engaged in Nash games, Stackelberg games, and cooperative Pareto games. Finally, the paper concludes by emphasizing future research on intelligent algorithms for mean field optimization, particularly using reinforcement learning method to design strategies for models with unknown parameters.

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Biomolecular condensates modulate membrane remodeling

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 17-18页

作者： Emma K.Meese Lucia c.Strader Department of Biology Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

cellular function relies on numerous diverse processes,all happening *** means by which cells manage these processes is through the use of biomolecular *** membrane-less compartments,often created through phase separation,influence cellular mechanisms ranging from reaction kinetics to biomolecule sequestration(Banani et al.,2017).In plants,biomolecular condensates play roles in desiccation tolerance(Belott et al.,2020),transcriptional control(Powers et al.,2019;Bondos et al.,2021),and a myriad of other diverse processes(Emenecker et al.,2021).Recently,condensates have been discovered to have the ability to exert forces through interactions with cellular *** example,capillary interaction between condensates and other cellular components can generate force;however,more study is necessary to elucidate these mechanisms and interactions(Kusumaatmaja et al.,2021;Gouveia et al.,2022).A recent work by Wang et al.(2024)has revealed new insights into how biomolecular condensates may exert forces on membranes through bending and ***,they provide in silico methods and a model to investigate the forces at play during membrane wetting.

关键词： forces kinetics bending

Exhumation and Preservation of the Yangchuling Porphyry W-Mo Deposit in the Jiangnan Tungsten Ore Belt,South china:Insights from(U-Th)/He and Fission Track Dating

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 46-56页

作者： Yue Sun Ying Wang Jianzhang Pang Samuel c.Boone Minting Wu chongjian Shao Wei Liu Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Genesis and Prospect for Strategic Minerals School of Earth ScienceEast China University of TechnologyNanchang330013China Institute of Geology china Earthquake Administration Beijing100029China School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric Sciences The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia Department of Earth Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia Jiangxi Duchang JinDing Tungsten cO. Ltd.Jiujiang332611China

The Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit(YPWD),located in the Jiangnan porphyryskarn tungsten ore belt,is one of the most important and large-scale porphyry W-Mo deposits in South *** previous zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os data suggest that Yangchuling WMo ore bodies formed almost simultaneously with granodiorite and monzogranitic porphyry at~150–144 Ma,their post emplacement history remains poorly understood,making their preservation status at depth *** this paper,new zircon and apatite(U-Th)/He and apatite fission track(ZHe,AHe and AFT,respectively)data of one hornfels and five intrusive rocks from a 1000-meter borehole are ***,together with new inverse thermal history models and previous geochronological data,help elucidate the post-diagenetic exhumation history and preservation status of the Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo *** general,ZHe and AHe ages decrease gradually from the near surface downwards and have relatively little intra-sample variation,ranging from 133 to 73Ma and 67 to 25 Ma,*** four granodiorites yield similar AFT ages that range from 63 to 55 Ma with mean track lengths varying from 12.2±0.7 to 12.6±0.5μ*** history modelling indicates that the Yangchuling ore district experienced slow,monotonic cooling since the ***-depth relationships are interpreted as recording~3.7±0.8 km of cretaceous-recent exhumation in response to regional extension throughout South china thought to have been driven by subduction retreat of the Paleo-Pacific *** of estimated net exhumation and previous metallogenic depth of~4–5 km suggests that W-Mo ore bodies could still exist at depths of up to~1.3±0.8 km relative to Earth surface in the YPWD *** of the YPWD is attributed to the limited amount of regional denudation during the Late cretaceous and cenozoic.

关键词： (U-Th)/He fission track ore preservation thermochronology Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit

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The contradictions between the Total-Entropy and the Gibbs Energy When Applied to the Evolving Path and State of Equilibrium of Thermodynamically-Reversible chemical Reactions

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and cosmology 2025年第1期11卷 120-137页

作者： José c. ĺñiguez Independent Researcher Douglas AZ USA

This paper, an addendum to “Dialectical Thermodynamics’ solution to the conceptual imbroglio that is the reversible path”, this journal, 10, 775-799, was written in response to the requests of several readers to provide further evidence of the said “imbroglio”. The evidence here presented relates to the incompatibility existing between the total-entropy and the Gibbs energy prescriptions for the reversible path. The previously published proof of the negentropic nature of the transformation of heat into work is here included to validate out conclusions about the Gibbs energy perspective.

关键词： Total-Entropy Gibbs Energy Evolving Path Equilibrium contradictory Prescriptions for Thermodynamically Reversible chemical Reactions

countability of Infinite Paths in the Infinity Tree: Proof of the continuum Hypothesis in a Non-cantorian Infinity Theory

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2025年第1期15卷 73-90页

作者： Philip c. Jackson TalaMind LLc Troy MI USA

A previous paper showed that the real numbers between 0 and 1 could be represented by an infinite tree structure, called the ‘infinity tree’, which contains only a countably infinite number of nodes and arcs. This paper discusses how a finite-state Turing machine could, in a countably infinite number of state transitions, write all the infinite paths in the infinity tree to a countably infinite tape. Hence it is argued that the real numbers in the interval [0, 1] are countably infinite in a non-cantorian theory of infinity based on Turing machines using countably infinite space and time. In this theory, cantor’s continuum Hypothesis can also be proved. And in this theory, it follows that the power set of the natural numbers P(ℕ) is countably infinite, which contradicts the claim of cantor’s Theorem for the natural numbers. However, this paper does not claim there is an error in cantor’s arguments that [0, 1] is uncountably infinite. Rather, this paper considers the situation as a paradox, resulting from different choices about how to represent and count the continuum of real numbers.

关键词： Infinity countable Uncountable Diagonalization Real Numbers Infinity Tree continuum Hypothesis Turing Machine Infinite Time Turing Machine Non-cantorian

The cyberpsychology of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises cybersecurity: A Human-centric Approach to Policy Development

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Journal of Information Security 2025年第1期16卷 158-183页

作者： Troy c. Troublefield Fit Nerd Technology consultants Brandon Florida USA

This study investigates the critical intersection of cyberpsychology and cybersecurity policy development in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Through a mixed-methods approach incorporating surveys of 523 employees across 78 SMEs, qualitative interviews, and case studies, the research examines how psychological factors influence cybersecurity behaviors and policy effectiveness. Key findings reveal significant correlations between psychological factors and security outcomes, including the relationship between self-efficacy and policy compliance (r = 0.42, p β = 0.37, p critical challenges in risk perception, policy complexity, and organizational culture affecting SME cybersecurity implementation. Results demonstrate that successful cybersecurity initiatives require the integration of psychological principles with technical solutions. The research provides a framework for developing human-centric security policies that address both behavioral and technical aspects of cybersecurity in resource-constrained environments.

关键词： cyberpsychology cybersecurity SMEs Policy Development Human Factors Risk Perception compliance Behavior Organizational culture Psychological Resilience Security Awareness

Photoluminescence upgradation of La_(2)MgTiO_(6):2%Dy^(3+) perovskite with monovalent(Li^(+)),divalent(Ba^(2+),Sr^(2+)) and trivalent(Bi^(3+),Sm^(3+))cation sensitization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 47-56,I0002页

作者： V.P.Veena K.Arun c.K.Shilpa S.V.Jasira K.M.Nissamudeen School of Pure and Applied Physics Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatKannurKrala67 India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatkannurKerala670327India

Nano phosphors of 2%Dy^(3+)(wt%)doped La_(2)MgTiO_(6) and monovalent/divalent/trivalent co-doped La_(1.98)Dy_(0.02)MgTiO_(6):x%A^(y+)(A^(y+):Li+,Ba^(2+),Sr^(2+),Bi^(3+),and Sm^(3+);0≤x≤2 wt%)were synthesized by combustion *** the XRD data,it is deduced that an increase in the valency of co-dopant increases the crystallinity of the double perovskite orthorhombic nanocrystal *** an increase in co-dopant size,an elevation in optical bandgap is visible with the highest bandgap of 3.835 eV for Bi^(3+).The photo-absorption is monotonically broadened for Sr^(2+),Sm^(3+),and Li+around 200-450 ***351 nm,Dy^(3+)triggered lattice shows major characteristic emission peaks at 480 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)),574 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2)),and 670 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(11/2)).leading to near white light emission with cIE coordinates(0.341,0.376).Upon co-doping,the PL intensity is significantly increased with maximum emission for trivalent Sm^(3+),followed by divalent Sr^(2+)and monovalent Li+*** increasing excitation wavelength,Sr^(2+)shows a dominated output and it is found that divalent Sr^(2+)is a potential codopant that could enhance luminescence intensity up to 6 times with a Sr^(2+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer efficiency of 86%.It is specified that the cIE coordinates of Li+co-doped samples show ideal white emission with color coordinates(0.333,0.336).The concluding outcomes signify the noblest rare earth Sm^(3+)co-doping and thus Sm^(3+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer mechanism is discussed in detail.

关键词： Photoluminescence Perovskite WLED co-doping Rareearths

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Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a cloud of strings in the background of perfect fluid dark matter

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chinese Physics c 2025年第02期 224-240页

作者： B.Hamil B.c.Lütfüo?lu Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique Faculté des Sciences ExactesUniversité Constantine 1 Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec Kralove

This manuscript investigates a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter embedded in a cloud of strings. The effects of its surroundings on thermodynamics, timelike and null geodesics, shadows,and quasinormal modes are analyzed. It is demonstrated that changes in spacetime, induced by the surrounding environment, significantly influence the stability, thermal phases, energy dynamics, particle trajectories, and observable features of the black hole's shadow, as well as its oscillation frequency and decay rate.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplant:An Australian single-centre study

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 105-114页

作者： Matthew G Garas Luis calzadilla-Bertot Briohny W Smith Luc Delriviere Byron Jaques Lingjun Mou Leon A Adams Gerry c MacQuillan George Garas Gary P Jeffrey Michael c Wallace Medical School University of Western AustraliaNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Surgery Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BAcKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** transplantation(LT)offers the most effective *** recurrence is the strongest risk factor that decreases post-LT survival in patients transplanted for *** rate of Hcc recurrence is generally reported as 8%-20%in the *** predictors of Hcc have already been researched,however,to our knowledge there are no published studies on this topic using Australian *** To determine the rate and identify predictors of Hcc recurrence in a contemporary Western Australian LT *** We performed a retrospective cohort study of all liver transplants in patients with Hcc at Sir charles Gairdner Hospital between 2006 and *** was collected from various health record databases and included recipient demographics,serum biochemistry,radiology,operation notes,explant histopathology and details of *** survival of Hcc patients post-LT,stratified for recurrence,was calculated by Kaplan Meier *** and multivariate cox regression was used to determine predictors of Hcc recurrence *** Between 1/1/2006 and 12/31/2021,119 patients were transplanted with Hcc.8.4%of subjects developed recurrent Hcc after LT with median follow-up time of 5.4 *** median time to recurrence was 2.9 years±0.75 *** comparing baseline characteristics,a greater proportion of subjects with recurrence had common characteristics on explant histopathology,including>3 viable nodules(P=0.001),vascular invasion(P=0.003)and poorly differentiated Hcc(P=0.03).Unadjusted survival curves showed lower 1-year,3-year,5-year and 10-year survival rates in subjects with Hcc recurrence compared to those without Hcc recurrence(90%vs 92%,70%vs 88%,42%vs 80%,14%vs 76%,respectively;log rank PcONcLUSION Hcc recurrence was low at 8.4%in this contemporary Australian cohort,however it significantly impacted post-LT *** studies are requir

关键词： Liver cancer Recurrence Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Predictors Post-transplant survival Australian data