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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： J.Penas A.Bembibre D.cortina-Gil L.martin A.Reija c.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Laboratorio Laser de Aceleracion y Aplicaciones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y Dpto.de Didactica de la Matematica y de las ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular(I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are *** assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration multi-shot operation proton source target assembly

Helix-shaped tractor and repulsor beams enabling bidirectional optical transport of particles en masse

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Photonics Research 2022年第11期10卷 2560-2574页

作者： JOSÉA.RODRIGO ÓScAR martÍnez-MATOS TATIANA ALIEVA Universidad complutense de Madrid Facultad de Ciencias FísicasCiudad Universitaria s/nMadrid 28040Spain

Three-dimensional programmable transport of micro/nano-particles can be straightforwardly achieved by using optical forces arising from intensity and phase gradients of a structured laser beam. Repulsor and tractor beams based on such forces and shaped in the form of a curved trajectory allow for downstream and upstream(against light propagation) transportation of particles along the beams, respectively. By using both types of beams, bidirectional transport has been demonstrated on the example of a circular helix beam just by tuning its phase gradient. Specifically, the transport of a single particle along a loop of the helix has been reported. However, the design and generation of helix-shaped beams is a complex problem that has not been completely addressed, which makes their practical application challenging. Moreover, there is no evidence of simultaneous transport of multiple particles along the helix trajectory, which is a crucial requisite in practice. Here, we address these challenges by introducing a theoretical background for designing helix beams of any axial extension, shape, and phase gradient that takes into account the experimental limitations of the optical system required for their generation. We have found that only certain phase gradients prescribed along the helix beam are possible. Based on these findings, we have experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, helix-shaped repulsor and tractor beams enabling programmable bidirectional optical transport of particles en masse. This is direct evidence of the essential functional robustness of helix beams arising from their self-reconstructing character. These achievements provide new insight into the behavior of helix-shaped beams, and the proven technique makes their implementation easier for optical transport of particles as well as for other light–matter interaction applications. ? 2022 chinese Laser Press.

关键词： optical tuning shaped

Real-World Evidence in Localized Pancreatic: coping with Uncertainty in Unselected Populations

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Journal of cancer Therapy 2024年第4期15卷 164-178页

作者： María I. Pamies Ramón Diana Ibarra Anguita Paula Rodríguez Payá Alvaro Muñoz Abad David Sánchez García María Valero Revert Beatriz Grau Mirete Mariano martínez Marín Alicia calero Amaro Lorena Rodríguez cazalla Javier Gallego Plazas Medical Oncology Department Elche University Hospital Elche (Alicante) Spain General Surgery Department Elche University Hospital Elche (Alicante) Spain General Surgery Department Vega Baja Hospital Orihuela (Alicante) Spain

Background: Localized pancreatic cancer, including resectable (R), borderline resectable (BR) and locally advanced unresectable disease (LAU), is considered in clinical guidelines for diverse treatment options based on clinical trials in selected populations. Hence, exploring with real world evidence (RWE) clinicians’ preferences for treatment options and their results seems pertinent. Methods: In a set of consecutive patients with localized pancreatic cancer assisted in a third level hospital from January 2013 to December 2022, medical records, symptoms, diagnostic process, distribution between subtypes, and treatment plans, with safety and efficacy results, were assessed. Results: A total of 152 patients with localized disease were included (43.4% R, 21.0% BR, 33.6% LAU). The population characteristics exemplified differences between daily practice and clinical trials. Tumor location and symptoms were as expected. Treatment plan was conditioned by PS or comorbidities in 23.0% of patients. In patients with R disease, surgery followed by different adjuvant chemotherapy (cT) regimes was the antineoplastic treatment of choice (64.8%) with efficacy results (OS 37.5 months;95% cI 18.4 - 56.7), in the range of contemporary standards. The common use of neoadjuvant cT for BR disease (94.4%), with surgery in 50% of them, and its results (OS 30.8 months;95% cI 10.5 - 51.2) reflected current controversies of treatment recommendations and evolution in this scenario. Paliative cT with or without radiotherapy was the standard specific treatment in LAU disease (95.1%) with survival results (PFS: 10.8 months;95% cI 8.8 - 12.7. OS: 20.3 months;95% cI 13.5 - 27.2) that justify the distinct character and the specific study of this entity. conclusion: RWE for localized pancreatic cancer aroused from the analysis of this population confirms the distinct nature of patients assisted in daily practice, as well as mirrors the complexity of decision making in clinical assumptions in which a

关键词： Real-World Evidence Localized Pancreatic cancer

Oxidative stress,the blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases:The critical beneficial role of dietary antioxidants

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第10期13卷 3988-4024页

作者： Jin Feng Youle Zheng Mingyue Guo Irma Ares marta martínez Bernardo Lopez-Torres María-Rosa martínez-Larran aga Xu Wang Arturo Anadon María-Aranzazu martínez National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues(HZAU)and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversidad Complutense de Madrid(UCM)And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre(i+12)Madrid 28040Spain

In recent years,growing awareness of the role of oxidative stress in brain health has prompted antioxidants,especially dietary antioxidants,to receive growing attention as possible treatments strategies for patients with neurodegenerative diseases(NDs).The most widely studied dietary antioxidants include active substances such as vitamins,carotenoids,flavonoids and *** antioxidants are found in usually consumed foods such as fresh fruits,vegetables,nuts and oils and are gaining popularity due to recently growing awareness of their potential for preventive and protective agents against NDs,as well as their abundant natural sources,generally non-toxic nature,and ease of long-term *** review article examines the role of oxidative stress in the development of NDs,explores the‘two-sidedness’of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)as a protective barrier to the nervous system and an impeding barrier to the use of antioxidants as drug medicinal products and/or dietary antioxidants supplements for prevention and therapy and reviews the BBB permeability of common dietary antioxidant suplements and their potential efficacy in the prevention and treatment of ***,current challenges and future directions for the prevention and treatment of NDs using dietary antioxidants are discussed,and useful information on the prevention and treatment of NDs is provided.

关键词： Dietary antioxidant supplements Oxidative stress Blood-brain barrier Neurodegenerative diseases Vitamins carotenoids Flavonoids Polyphenols

Astrocyte evolution and human specificity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 131-132页

作者： carmen Falcone Verónica martínez-cerdeño Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine UC Davis School of Medicine Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for children of Northern california SacramentoCAUSA

The cerebral cortex is one of the most complex structures of the mammalian central nervous system and accounts for the extraordinary cognitive abilities in primates and *** the 19th century,neur ons have been believed to be the main players in the building of the brain,yet astrocytes also play a crucial role as fundamental building blocks of the cerebral cortex complexity.

关键词： cortex specificity cerebral

A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： Mary c.Mullins Department of cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGcs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

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库夫施泰因在童话世界和无垠山野共振

环球人文地理 2024年第11期 144-152页

作者：十一 ARochau erika Karl Allen Lugmayer Nikolai Sorokin Olivier pictureserver Roman Babakin Stephan Sühling Thomas Gross 摄图网

欧洲最适合隐居的地方在哪里？近日Lonely Planet公布的名单中，阿尔卑斯山脚下的库夫施泰因榜上有名。古典音乐环绕小镇，而走进大自然的方式有无数种：夏季徒步，冬季滑雪……库夫施泰因，奥地利西部的一个美丽小镇。得益于德、奥边...

欧洲最适合隐居的地方在哪里？近日Lonely Planet公布的名单中，阿尔卑斯山脚下的库夫施泰因榜上有名。古典音乐环绕小镇，而走进大自然的方式有无数种：夏季徒步，冬季滑雪……库夫施泰因，奥地利西部的一个美丽小镇。得益于德、奥边界的地理之势，无论从慕尼黑还是萨尔茨堡出发，都只需乘车约1小时就能到达。小镇夹在阿尔卑斯山的一个河谷，碧绿草坪、原始森林和清澈湖水环绕四周，八个村庄点缀其间，从高空俯瞰，犹如散落的珍珠。

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Performance of evolutionary optimized machine learning for modeling total organic carbon in core samples of shale gas fields

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： Leonardo Goliatt c.M.Saporetti L.c.Oliveira E.Pereira Department of computational and Applied Mechanics Federal University of Juiz de Fora Department of computational Modeling Polytechnic Institute Rio de Janeiro State University Petrobras Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Rio de Janeiro State University

Rock samples' TOc content is the best indicator of the organic matter in source rocks. The origin rock samples' analysis is used to calculate it manually by specialists. This method requires time and resources because it relies on samples from many well intervals in source rocks. Therefore, research has been done to aid this effort. Machine learning algorithms can estimate total organic carbon instead of well logs and stratigraphic studies. In light of these efforts, the current work present a study on automating the total organic carbon estimation using machine learning approaches improved by an evolutionary methodology to give the model flexibility and precision. Genetic algorithms, differential evolution, particle swarm optimization, grey wolf optimization, artificial bee colony, and evolution strategies were used to improve machine learning models to predict TOc. The six metaheuristics were integrated into four machine learning methods: extreme learning machine, elastic net linear model, linear support vector regression, and multivariate adaptive regression splines. core samples from the YuDong-Nan shale gas field, located in the Sichuan basin, were used to evaluate the hybrid strategy. The findings show that combining machine learning models with an evolutionary algorithms in a hybrid fashion produce flexible models that accurately predict TOc. The results show that, independent of the metaheuristic used to guide the model selection, optimized extreme learning machines attained the best performance scores according to six metrics. Such hybrid models can be used in exploratory geological research,particularly for unconventional oil and gas resources.

关键词： Total organic carbon Hybrid models Automated machine learning Evolutionary algorithms Geology