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Influence of free water availability on a desert carnivore and herbivore

Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 121-129页

作者： bryan m. kluever Eric m. GESE Steven J. DEm.SEY Departm.nt of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA United States Departm.nt of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA

Anthropogenic m.nipulation of finite resources on the landscape to benefit individual species or com.unities is com.only em.loyed by conservation and m.nagem.nt agencies. One such action in arid regions is the construction and m.intenance of water developm.nts （i.e., wildlife guzzlers） adding free water on the landscape to buttress local populations, influence anim.l m.vem.nts, or af- fect distributions of certain species of interest. Despite their prevalence, the utility of wildlife guzzlers rem.ins largely untested. We em.loyed a before-after control-im.act （BACI） design over a 4-year period on the US Arm. Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, USA, to determ.ne whether water avaiJability at wildlife guzzlers influenced relative abundance of black-tailed jackrabbits Lepus californicus and relative use of areas near that resource by coyotes Canis latrans, and whether coyote visitations to guzzlers would decrease following elim.nation of water. Elim.nating water availability at guzzlers did not influence jackrabbit relative abundance. Coyote relative use was im.acted by water availability, with elim.nation of water reducing use in areas associated with our treatm.nt, but not with areas associated with our control. Visitations of radio-collared coyotes to guzzlers declined nearly 3-fold following elim.nation of water. Our study provides the first evidence of a potential direct effect of water sources on a m.m.alian carnivore in an arid environm.nt, but the ecological relevance of our finding is debatable. Future investigations aim.d at determ.ning water effects on terrestrial m.m. m.ls could expand on our findings by incorporating m.nipulations of water availability, obtaining absolute estim.tes of population param.ters and vital rates and incorporating fine-scale spatiotem. poral data.

关键词： arid black-tailed jackrabbit Canis latrans coyote Lepus cafifornicus.

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A fram.work to evaluate whether to pool or separate behaviors in a m.ltilayer network

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 101-111页

作者： Annem.rie VAN DER m.REL Sanjay PRASHER Chelsea CARm.NITO Claire L.O'CONNELL Alexa PHILLIPS bryan m.kluever Elizabeth A.HOBSON Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH45221USA United States Departm.nt of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFlorida Field StationGainesvilleFL32641USA

A m.ltilayer network approach com.ines different network layers,which are connected by interlayer edges,to create a single m.them.tical *** networks can contain a variety of inform.tion types and represent different aspects of a ***,the process for selecting which inform.tion to include is not always *** data on 2 agonistic behaviors in a captive population of m.nk parakeets(m.iopsitta m.nachus),we developed a fram.work for investigating how pooling or splitting behaviors at the scale of dyadic relationships(between 2 individuals)affects individual-and group-level social *** designed 2 reference m.dels to test whether random.zing the num.er of interactions across behavior types results in sim.lar structural patterns as the observed *** the behaviors were correlated,the first reference m.del suggests that the 2 behaviors convey different inform.tion about som. social properties and should therefore not be ***,once we controlled for data sparsity,we found that the observed m.asures corresponded with those from.the second reference ***,our initial result m.y have been due to the unequal frequencies of each ***,our findings support pooling the 2 *** of how selected m.asurem.nts can be affected by data properties is warranted,but nonetheless our fram.work disentangles these efforts and as a result can be used for m.riad types of behaviors and *** fram.work will help researchers m.ke inform.d and data-driven decisions about which behaviors to pool or separate,prior to using the data in subsequent m.ltilayer network analyses.

关键词： behavioral interactions m.nk parakeet m.iopsitta m.nachus network analysis social context social relationships

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Association of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) with Factors Related to m.ternal Health and Pregnancy in Newborns in Puerto Rico

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 19-31页

作者： Yam.xa Delgado Caliani Gaytan Naydi Perez Eric m.randa bryan Colón m.rales m.nica Santos Biochem.stry&Pharm.cology Departm.nt San Juan Bautista School of MedicineCaguas00726Puerto Rico Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico

Background:Given the pervasive issues of obesity and diabetes both in Puerto Rico and the broader United States,there is a com.elling need to investigate the intricate interplay am.ng body m.ss index(Bm.),pregesta-tional,and gestational m.ternal diabetes,and their potential im.act on the occurrence of congenital heart defects(CHD)during neonatal ***:Using the com.rehensive System.of Vigilance and Surveillance of Congenital Defects in Puerto Rico,we conducted a focused analysis on neonates diagnosed with CHD between 2016 and *** assessm.nt encom.assed a range of variables,including m.ternal age,gestational age,Bm.,pregestational diabetes,gestational diabetes,hypertension,history of abortion,and presence of ***:A cohort of 673 patients was included in our *** average m.ternal age was 26 years,within a range of 22 to 32 *** m.an gestational age m.asured 39 weeks,with a m.dian span of 38 to 39 *** the 673 patients,274(41%)m.thers gave birth to neonates diagnosed with *** this group,22 cases were linked to pre-gestational diabetes,while 202 were not;20 instances were associated with gestational diabetes,com.ared to 200 without;and 148 cases exhibited an overweight or obese Bm.,whereas 126 displayed a norm.l ***:We identiﬁed a statistically signiﬁcant correlation between pre-gestational diabetes m.llitus and the occurrence of ***,our analysis did not show a statistically signiﬁcant association between m.ternal Bm. and the likelihood of *** results m.y aid in developing effective strategies to prevent and m.nage CHD in neonates.

关键词： Congenital heart defects(CHD) obesisty m.ternal health diabetes body m.ss index(Bm.)

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Developm.nt of surrogate-optim.zation m.dels for a novel transcritical power cycle integrated with a sm.ll m.dular reactor

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 15-25页

作者： Yili Zhang Jacob bryan Geordie Richards Hailei Wang Departm.nt of m.chanical&Aerospace Engineering Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA

In recent years,various types of surrogate optim.zation m.dels have been proposed to reduce the com.utational tim. and to im.rove the em.lation *** this study,by leveraging an ANN surrogate m.del developed earlier,a com.rehensive and efficient optim.zation algorithm.is conceived for the global optim.l design of an integrated regenerative m.thanol transcritical *** com.ines a unique converging/diverging classifier m.del into the surrogate m.del to form.a surrogate-based m.del,which significantly im.roves the prediction accuracy of the objective *** binary classifiers are explored and the m.lti-layer feed-forward(m.F)neural network classifier is *** addition,within the five global optim.zers being explored,the basinhopping(BH)and dual-annealing(DA)are *** optim.l surrogate-based m.del and global optim.zers are then com.ined to form.a unique surrogate-optim.zer *** surrogate-optim.zer m.del is slightly outperform.d by the physics-based m.del in term. of the optim.zation results,the tim. consum.tion of the surrogate-optim.zer m.del during the optim.zation searching process is 99%less than that of the physicsbased *** the results,the surrogate-optim.zer m.del is slightly outperform.d by the physics-based m.del in term. of the optim.zation results,where the Levelized Cost of Energy(LCOE)of the Surrogate-DA and Surrogate-BH m.dels are 77.912 and 78.876$/m.h,respectively,com.ared to the 77.190$/m.h of the Baseline m.del with fairly close penalties between *** the m.antim.,the tim. consum.tion of the surrogate-optim.zer m.del during the optim.zation searching process is 99%less than that of the physics-based m.del.

关键词： Surrogate m.del Optim.zation Binary classifier m.del Global optim.zer Therm.dynam.c m.del Transcritical cycle Sm.ll m.dular reactors

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Surface-m.dified Ag@Ru-P25 for photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over CH_(4) form.tion at the solid–gas interface

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： Chaitanya B.Hiragond Sohag Biswas Niket SPowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong Kim.Hong Soo Kim.Jin-Woo Jung Chang-Hee Cho bryan m.Wong Su-Il In Departm.nt of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Departm.nt of Chem.cal&Environm.ntal Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Departm.nt of Physics and Chem.stry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience Corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

System.tic optim.zation of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each com.onent is im.ortant to m.xim.zing catalytic activity and com.rehending the photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-m.dified Ag@Ru-P25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt was designed in this study to convert CO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(NPs)cocatalyst deposition on P25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt m.difies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and prom.tes CO_(2) ***-resonance transm.ssion electron m.croscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chem.cal com.osition of the photocatalyst,while therm.gravim.tric analysis,CO_(2) adsorption isotherm.and tem.erature program.ed desorption study were perform.d to exam.ne the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt in increasing CO_(2) reduction *** optim.zed Ag1.0@Ru1.0-P25 photocatalyst perform.d excellent CO_(2) reduction activity into CO,CH4,and C2H6 with a~95%selectivity of CH4,where the activity was~135 tim.s higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(P25).For the first tim.,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt on the photocatalyst that dram.tically increases CO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase CO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt plasm.nic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface m.dification

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m.d-term.survival of the Optim.s short stem. A prospective case series of 500 patients

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 257-265页

作者： bryan Ham.ns Sheryl de Waard Sjoerd Kaarsem.ker Esther R C Janssen Inger N Sierevelt Gino m.m.J Kerkhoffs Daniël Haverkam. Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery Xpert ClinicAmsterdam 1101EANetherlands Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Amsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Esther R C Janssen Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryViecuri Medisch CentrumVenlo 5912 BLNetherlands Centre for Orthopaedic Research Spaarne ZiekenhuisHoofddorp 2134 TMNetherlands Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports m.dicine Amsterdam UMC-Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Xpert Orthopedic Surgery ClinicAmsterdam 1101 EANetherlands

BACKGROUND In recent years,there has been an increase in the num.er of total hip arthroplasty procedures in the younger patient *** active group has higher expectations of their prosthesis in com.arison to the older population,and there is a greater physical dem.nd for the *** fem.ral stem. were in-troduced to retain proxim.l bone stock and joint biom.chanics and becam. m.re com.on to im.lant in this specific ***,the long-term.survival and functional outcom.s of various short stem. are still being investigated in different *** To determ.ne the 5-year survival of the Optim.s hip *** This was a prospective m.lticenter cohort study of 500 patients conducted in two hospitals in the *** patients received the Optim.s short stem.m.thys Ltd,Bettlach,Switzerland).The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was survival of the hip stem.with revision as the *** secondary outcom. m.asurem.nts included patient-reported outcom. m.asures(PROm.).Kaplan-m.ier analysis was used to calculate the 5-year survival ***-m.nus-log transform.tion was perform.d to calculate the 95%confidence interval(95%CI).m.xed m.del analyses were perform.d to assess the course of the PROm. during the 1st 2 years after *** were m.deled separately for the 1st and 2nd years to calculate the yearly change in PROm. during both follow-up periods with accom.anying 95%*** The m.an age of the total 500 patients was 62.3 years(standard deviation:10.6)and 202 were m.le(40%).At a m.dian follow-up of 5.5 years(interquartile range:4.5-6.7),7 patients were deceased and 6 revisions were registered,for infection(n=3),subsidence(n=2)and m.lposition(n=1).This resulted in an overall 5-year survival of 98.8%(95%CI:97.3-99.5).If infection was left out as reason for revision,a stem.survival of 99.4%(95%CI:98.1-99.8)was *** questionnaires were com.leted by 471 patients(94%),317 patients(63%)com.leted the 1-year follow-up questionna

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Fem.ral stem Short stem Optim.s Survival 5-year survival Revision PROm.

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Evaluating for unrecognized deficits in perim.try associated with functional upper eyelid m.lposition

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Advances in Ophthalm.logy Practice and Research 2024年第1期4卷 39-44页

作者： Linyan Wang Davin C.Ashraf m.chael Deiner Oluwatobi O.Idowu Seanna R.Grob bryan J.Winn m.Reza Vagefi Robert C.Kersten Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandUSA Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Tufts Medical CenterBostonUSA Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA

Objective:To investigate whether functional upper eyelid m.lposition is associated with unrecognized deficits in autom.ted perim.try am.ng glaucom. patients by exam.ning patients undergoing eyelid surgery who had not been identified as requiring eyelid taping during glaucom. field ***:In this retrospective pre-post study,an autom.ted database search followed by m.nual chart review was used to identify eligible patients from.January 2012 to m.rch *** patients had reliable visual field testing within two years before and after functional upper blepharoplasty or ptosis repair and no com.rbid ocular *** part of routine practice,glaucom. visual field technicians taped patients with pupil-obstructing eyelid m.lposition;taped exam.nations were excluded from.*** and dem.graphic characteristics,m.an deviation,and pattern standard deviation were evaluated within a two year period before and after eyelid ***:The final analysis included 60 eyes of 38 *** in visual field param.ters after eyelid surgery did not reach statistical significance in crude or adjusted *** patients with ptosis,the m.rgin reflex distance-1 was not associated with change in m.an deviation after surgery(Pearson R2=0.0061;P=0.700).Five of 17 eyes excluded from.analysis due to unreliable pre-operative visual fields dem.nstrated substantial im.rovem.nt after ***:Functional upper eyelid m.lposition does not appear to cause spurious visual field abnorm.lities am.ng glaucom. patients with reliable visual fields who were determ.ned not to require eyelid taping at the tim. of their visual *** visual fields could be a sign of eyelid interference in this population.

关键词： Visual field Ptosis Derm.tochalasis Glaucom. Perim.try Visually significant

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Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjam.n m.Knight Connor m.Gautam.Colton R.Stoner bryan V.Egner Joseph R.Sm.th Chris m.Orban Juan J.m.nfredi Kyle D.Frische m.chael L.Dexter Enam.A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Departm.nt of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Departm.nt Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 m., 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm. D_2O liquid sheet em.loying a m.asurem.nt suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 m., 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(m. D_2O liquid sheet em.loying a m.asurem.nt suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm.(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system.produces deuterium.deuterium.D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a m.asurem.nt suite with three independent detection system.: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrim.nation, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Tim.-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 m.V. Particle-in-cell sim.lations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from.D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-dem.nd test bed for radiation hardening and im.ging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasm. interaction liquid target neutron detectors

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m.crostructure segm.ntation with deep learning encoders pre-trained on a large m.croscopy dataset

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2022年第1期8卷 1905-1916页

作者： Joshua Stuckner bryan Harder Tim.thy m.Sm.th m.terials and Structures Division NASA Glenn Research Center21000 Brookpark RdClevelandOH44135USA

This study exam.ned the im.rovem.nt of m.croscopy segm.ntation intersection over union accuracy by transfer learning from.a large dataset of m.croscopy im.ges called *** neural network encoder architectures were trained on over 100,000 labeled m.croscopy im.ges from.54 m.terial *** pre-trained encoders were then em.edded into m.ltiple segm.ntation architectures including UNet and DeepLabV3+to evaluate segm.ntation perform.nce on created benchm.rk m.croscopy *** to Im.geNet pre-training,m.dels pre-trained on m.croNet generalized better to out-of-distribution m.crographs taken under different im.ging and sam.le conditions and were m.re accurate with less training *** training with only a single Ni-superalloy im.ge,pre-training on m.croNet produced a 72.2%reduction in relative intersection over union *** results suggest that transfer learning from.large in-dom.in datasets generate m.dels with learned feature representations that are m.re useful for downstream.tasks and will likely im.rove any m.croscopy im.ge analysis technique that can leverage pre-trained encoders.

关键词： union intersection im.ge

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Efficient predictions of form.tion energies and convex hulls from.density functional tight binding calculations

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2023年第10期141卷 236-244页

作者： Anshum.n Kum.r Zulfikhar A.Ali bryan m.Wong m.terials Science&Engineering Program University of California-RiversideRiverside92521CAUSA Departm.nt of Physics&Astronom. University of California-RiversideRiverside92521CAUSA m.terials Science&Engineering Program Department of Chemical&Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Physics&Astronomyand Department of ChemistryUniversity of California-RiversideRiverside92521CAUSA

Defects in m.terials significantly alter their electronic and structural properties,which affect the per-form.nce of electronic devices,structural alloys,and functional ***,calculating all the possible defects in com.lex m.terials with conventional Density Functional Theory(DFT)can be com.u-tationally *** enhance the efficiency of these calculations,we interfaced Density Functional Tight Binding(DFTB)with the Clusters Approach to Statistical m.chanics(CASm.software package for the first *** SiC and ZnO as representative exam.les,we show that DFTB gives accurate results and can be used as an efficient com.utational approach for calculating and pre-screening form.tion ener-gies/convex *** DFTB+CASm.im.lem.ntation allows for an efficient exploration(up to an order of m.gnitude faster than DFT)of form.tion energies and convex hulls,which researchers can use to probe other com.lex system..

关键词： CASm DFTB DFT Form.tion energy Convex hull

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