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Ferrofluid measurements of bottom velocities and shear stresses

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第1期27卷 150-158页

作者： MUSUMECI Rosaria E. MARLETTA Vincenzo ANDò bruno BAGLIO Salvatore FOTI Enrico Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania Department of Electric Electronic and Computer Science Engineering University of Catania

A novel direct measurement strategy of bottom velocities and shear stresses based on the use of ferrofluids is presented. Such a strategy overcomes some of the limits of state-of-the-art instruments. A preliminary experimental campaign has been carried out in the presence of currents in steady flow conditions in order to test the effects of ferrofluid quantity and of the controlling permanent magnetic force. An alternating current （AC） circuit and a direct current （DC） conditioning circuit have been tested. For velocities larger than 0.05 m/s, the near-bottom velocity-output voltage calibration curve has a monotone parabolic shape. The sensitivity of the instrument is increased by a factor of 30 when the DC circuit is used.

关键词： magnetofluids Rosensweig effect flow resistances bed shear stresses bottom velocities

Tidal drag and westward drift of the lithosphere

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 102-116页

作者： Vincenzo Nesi Oscar bruno Davide Zaccagnino Corrado Mascia Carlo Doglioni Dipartimento di Matematica Guido Castelnuovo Piazzale Aldo Moro5Roma 00185Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Via di Vigna Murata605Roma 00143Italy Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department Caltech1200 E.California Blvd.MC 305-16Pasadena 91125CAUSA Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Piazzale Aldo Moro5Roma 00185Italy

Tidal forces are generally neglected in the discussion about the mechanisms driving plate tectonics despite a worldwide geodynamic asymmetry also observed at subduction and rift *** tidal drag could theoretically explain the westerly shift of the lithosphere relative to the underlying ***,viscosity in the asthenosphere is apparently too high to allow mechanical decoupling produced by tidal ***,we propose a model for global scale geodynamics accompanied by numerical simulations of the tidal interaction of the Earth with the Moon and the *** provide for the first time a theoretical proof that the tidal drag can produce a westerly motion of the lithosphere,also compatible with the slowing of the Earth’s rotational *** results suggest a westerly rotation of the lithosphere with a lower bound ofω≈(0.1-0.2)°/Myr in the presence of a basal effective shear viscosityη≈10^(16)Pa-s,but it may rise toω>1°/Myr with a viscosity ofη≈≤3×10^(14)Pa-s within the Low-Velocity Zone(LVZ)atop the *** faster velocity would be more compatible with the mainstream of plate motion and the global asymmetry at plate *** on these computations,we suggest that the super-adiabatic asthenosphere,being vigorously convecting,may further reduce the viscous coupling within the LVZ Therefore,the combination of solid Earth tides,ultra-low viscosity LVZ and asthenospheric polarized small-scale convection may mechanically satisfy the large-scale decoupling of the lithosphere relative to the underlying *** plate motions are explained because of lateral viscosity heterogeneities at the base of the lithosphere,which determine variable lithosphere-asthenosphere decoupling and plate interactions,hence plate tectonics.

关键词： Tidal drag Plate motions Polarized plate tectonics Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction

Nonlinear experimental response of non-conventional composite steel and concrete connection

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 42-49页

作者： Tobia ZORDAN bruno BRISEGHELLA College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China IUAV University of Venice DCA Department of Construction of ArchitectureVeniceItaly

An experiment was carried out on a set of fullscale specimens of a non-conventional connection between a concrete column and a composite steel and concrete beam defined on the basis of a number of *** proposed connection,conceived in the ambit of semirigid joints,is aimed at combining general ease of construction with a highly simplified assembly procedure with a satisfying transmission of hogging moment at supports in continuous *** this purpose,the traditional shear studs used at the interface between the steel beam and the upper concrete slab,are also employed at the ends of the steel profiles welded horizontally to the end *** test is aimed at investigating the hogging moment response of the connection under incremental loads until failure.

关键词： composite connections nonlinear behaviour hogging moment monotonic tests

Silicon Photoelectrodes Prepared by Low-Cost Wet Methods for Solar Photoelectrocatalysis

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Accounts of Materials Research 2023年第2期4卷 133-142页

作者： bruno Fabre Gabriel Loget CNRS ISCR(Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR6226Univ RennesRennes F-35000France

The electrochemical conversion of sunlight by photoelectrochemical cells(PECs)is based on semiconductor electrodes that are interfaced with a liquid *** approach is highly promising,first,because it can be employed for the generation of a chemical fuel(e.g.,H2)to store solar energy that can be used on-demand to generate electricity when the sun is not ***,it can be seen as a concept reminiscent of photosynthesis,where CO_(2) is converted into a valuable feedstock by solar ***,photoelectrochemical cells are sometimes referred to as“artificial leaves”.Silicon,being the main semiconductor in the electronics and photovoltaic sector,is a prime candidate to be used as the light absorber and the substrate for building photoelectrochemical ***,Si alone has“poor-to-no photoelectrochemical performance”.This is caused by its weak electrocatalytic activity for cathodic reactions(namely,the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CDRR),and the N2 reduction reaction)and by its deactivation in the anodic regime,prohibiting its use for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).This latter reaction is essential for supplying electrons to generate a solar *** to these problems,layers that both protect and are catalytically active are typically employed on Si photoelectrodes but require rather sophisticated manufacturing processes(e.g.,atomic layer or electron beam deposition),which hinders research and innovation in this ***,our group and others have demonstrated that these layers are not always required and that highly active and stable Si-based photoelectrodes can be manufactured using simple wet processes,such as drop casting,electroless deposition,or aqueous *** this Account,we first introduce the topic and the possible structures that can be easily obtained starting from commercial Si ***,we discuss strategies that have been employed to manufacture photocathodes based on p-ty

关键词： field starting absorber

An innovative steel-concrete joint for integral abutment bridges

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2015年第4期2卷 209-222页

作者： bruno Briseghella Tobia Zordan College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou University Department of Building Engineering Tongji University

Integral abutment bridges are becoming rather common, due to the durability problems of bearings and expansion joints. At the same time, among short- and medium-span bridges, multi-beam steel-concrete composite deck with hot-rolled girder is an economical and interesting alternative to traditional pre-stressed concrete solutions. The two concepts can be linked together to design integral steel-concrete composite bridges with the benefits of two typologies. The most critical aspect for these bridges is usually the joints between deck and piers or abutments. In this paper, an innovative beam-to-pier joint is proposed and a theoretical and experimental study is introduced and discussed. The analyzed connection is aimed at combining general ease of construction with a highly simplified assembly procedure and a good transmission of hogging and sagging moment at the supports in continuous beams. For this purpose, the traditional shear studs, used at the interface be- tween steel beam and upper concrete slab, are also used at the ends of steel profiles welded horizontally to the end plates. To better understand the behaviour of this kind of joints and the roles played by different components, three large-scale specimens were tested and an FE model was implemented. The theoretical and experimental results confirmed the po- tential of the proposed connection for practical applications and indicated the way to improve its structural behaviour.

关键词： Integral abutment bridgesSteel-concrete bridgesSteel-concrete jointsFEM simulationShear connection method

School Mapping Restructure in China:What Role for the Small Rural School?

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Frontiers of Education in China 2011年第2期6卷 248-278页

作者： ZHAO Dan bruno PAROLIN College of Education Huazhong Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Faculty of the Built Environment University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Despite significant progress over the past fifteen years associated with School Mapping Restructure(SMR)in Chinese rural schools,many small schools have been closed or have merged with larger primary *** has resulted,among other things,in difficulties for many students in rural areas who now have to travel longer distances to a central(primary)school and whose families generally have to bear greater expenses for *** paper examines the role of small rural schools in the Chinese education system,looks at the context and impacts of SMR on these schools in terms of quality,cost and access indicators,and highlights some of the key difficulties faced by these schools in the restructured education *** argue that small rural schools have a significant role to play in delivering education services in rural China and should therefore be retained,supported and equipped with the right levels of facilities and quality services for them to fulfill their *** policy implications of these findings for education officials are discussed in the context of continuing SMR.

关键词： school mapping restructure(SMR) small rural school basic education rural China

Experimental Electromagnetic Characterization of High Temperature Superconductors Coils Located in Proximity to Electromagnetically Active Materials

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第5期18卷 1529-1537页

作者： Yazid Statra Sara Fawaz Hocine Menana bruno Douine Universitéde Lorraine GREENNancyF-54000France

The electromagnetic properties of high temperature superconductors(HTS)are characterized with the explicit intent to improve their integration in electric power systems.A tape and a coil made of Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide(BSCCO)are considered in the presence of electromagnetically active materials in order to mimic properly the electromagnetic environment typical of electrical *** characterization consists of the determining the critical current and the AC losses at different values of the frequency and the transport *** effects induced by the proximity of the active materials are studied and some related experimental issues are analyzedc.

关键词： AC losses HTS coils experimental characterization proximity of electromagnetically active materials

Effect of biochar fertilizers on amino acid variability of Secale cereale and Lupinus angustifolius

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Biochar 2019年第2期1卷 187-201页

作者： Katja Wiedner Corinna Schimpf Steven Polifka bruno Glaser Soil Biogeochemistry Institute of Agronomy and Nutritional SciencesMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergVon-Seckendorff-Platz 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Little is known on the effects of biochar on N uptake and amino acid variability in crops such as winter rye and narrow-leafed lupine despite the fact that amino acids are important indicators,for food quality and plant stress.N uptake of both crops showed contrasting results when treated with different biochar *** amino acid contents referred to total nitro-gen generally tend to decrease in rye grains in the presence of biochar;whereas lupine seeds were more or less unaffected by biochar combined with mineral fertilizer or *** lupine seeds,total amino acid contents significantly increased when biochar was mixed with digestate but decreased when mixed with fermented ***,one of the most limiting amino acids in cereals,reached the recommended value of 4 g kg^(−1) in rye grain for most biochar *** lupine seeds,lysine decreased when biochar had been applied but were still in the recommended range when used as animal ***,an indicator for plant stress,significantly decreased(−49%)in rye when 2 Mg biochar ha^(−1) was added in combination with mineral *** contrast,proline increased when biochar was added to organic(digestate and compost)fertilizers(up to 43%).Further biochar research should focus much more on food quality,which is a key challenge for global food production.

关键词： Food quality Protein Lupine Winter rye Yield

Clinical applications of hepatocyte transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第17期15卷 2074-2077页

作者： Giada Pietrosi Giovanni Battista Vizzini Salvatore Gruttadauria bruno Gridelli Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IsMeTT) University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Palermo 90127 Italy Department of Surgery Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IsMeTT) University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Palermo 90127 Italy

The shortage of organ donors is a problem worldwide, with approximately 15% of adult patients with lifethreatening liver diseases dying while on the waiting list. The use of cell transplantation for liver disease is an attempt to correct metabolic defects, or to support liver function as a bridge to liver transplantation and, as such, has raised a number of expectations. Most of the available studies briefly reported here focus on adult hepatocyte transplantation (HT), and the results are neither reproducible nor comparable, because the means of infusion, amount of injected cells and clinical variability differ among the studies. To better understand the specif ic role of HT in the management of end-stage liver disease, it is important that controlled studies, designed on the principles of evidence-based medicine, be done in order to guarantee the reproducibility of results.

关键词： Hepatocyte transplantation Metabolic dis-eases Chronic liver disease Liver failure Stem cells