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Powering a Low Power Wireless Sensor in a Harsh Industrial Environment: Energy Recovery with a Thermoelectric Generator and Storage on Supercapacitors

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Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第11期15卷 372-398页

作者： Vincent Boitier bruno estibals Lionel Seguier Laboratoire d’Analyse et d’Architecture des Systèmes—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Université de Toulouse Tou-louse France Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France

Wireless sensor networks are widely used for monitoring in remote areas. They mainly consist of wireless sensor nodes, which are usually powered by batteries with limited capacity, but are expected to last for long periods of time. To overcome these limitations and achieve perpetual autonomy, an energy harvesting technique using a thermoelectric generator (TEG) coupled with storage on supercapacitors is proposed. The originality of the work lies in the presentation of a maintenance-free, robust, and tested solution, well adapted to a harsh industrial context with a permanent temperature gradient. The harvesting part, which is attached to the hot spot in a few seconds using magnets, can withstand temperatures of 200°C. The storage unit, which contains the electronics and supercapacitors, operates at temperatures of up to 80°C. More specifically, this article describes the final design of a 3.3 V 60 mA battery-free power supply. An analysis of the thermal potential and the electrical power that can be recovered is presented, followed by the design of the main electronic stages: energy recovery using a BQ25504, storage on supercapacitors and finally shaping the output voltage with a boost (TPS610995) followed by an LDO (TPS71533).

关键词： Energy Recovery Battery-Free System Supercapacitor Thermoelectric Generator TEG BQ25504 Energy Management Thermal Gradient

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Battery-Free Power Supply for Wireless Sensor Combining Photovoltaic Cells and Supercapacitors

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Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第3期15卷 151-179页

作者： Vincent Boitier bruno estibals Florian Huet Lionel Seguier LAAS-CNRS Université de Toulouse Toulouse France LISPEN Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology HESAM Université Aix-en-Provence France

This article exhibits the sizing, modelling, and characterization of a power supply (output 3.3 V, 200 mA max, 11 days full autonomy) dedicated to powering a wireless sensor node without a battery but usable as simply as with a battery. This system is modular for various light levels (indoor and outdoor). It is easily integrable into a sensor node, using only commercial circuits. The choices of the photovoltaic surface (amorphous silicon, η 5%, 35 cm2) and of the supercapacitors value (2x 25F, 2.7 V) are explained for permanent operation, considering the solar potential and the consumption. An original part of the paper is devoted to the issue of the startup, in which we demonstrate that after a particular preload, once installed, the device can start on request at the desired time (within 15 days) using as a trigger any light source, such as the LED of a mobile phone.

关键词： Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Free Battery System Energy Management Supercapacitor

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