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Competition for electrons between reductive dechlorination and denitrification

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2017年第6期11卷 129-138页

作者： Lifeng Cao Weihua sun Yuting Zhang shimin Feng Jinyun Dong Yongming Zhang bruce E. Rittmann Department of Environmental science and Engineering College of Life and Environmental Science Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China Biodesign swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-5701 USA

It is common that 2,4,6-trichlorophenol （TCP） coexists with nitrate or nitrite in industrial wastewaters. In this work, simultaneous reductive dechlorination of TCP and denitrification of nitrate or nitrite competed for electron donor, which led to their mutual inhibition. All inhibitions could be relieved to a certain degree by augmenting an organic electron donor, but the impact of the added electron donor was strongest for TCP. For simultaneous reduction ofTCP together with nitrate, TCP＇s removal rate value increased 75% and 150%, respectively, when added glucose was increased from 0.4 mmol· L^-1 to 0.5 mmol· L^-1 and to 0.76 mmol· L^-1 For comparison, the removal rate for nitrate increased by only 25% and 114% for the same added glucose. The relationship between their initial biodegradation rates versus their initial concentrations could be represented well with the Monod model, which quantified their half-maximum-rate concentration （Ks value）, and Ks values for TCP, nitrate, and nitrite were larger with simultaneous reduction than independent reduction. The increases in Ks are further evidence that competition for the electron donor led to mutual inhibition. For bioremediation of wastewater containing TCP and oxidized nitrogen, both reduction reactions should proceed more rapidly if the oxidized nitrogen is nitrite instead of nitrate and if readily biodegradable electron acceptor is augmented.

关键词： Competition for electrons Denitrification Reductive dechlorination Bioremediation Nitrate 2 4 6-trichlorophenol

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球形压痕的残余变形分析(英文)

实验力学 2007年第3期22卷 314-322页

作者：冯传玉 bruce s.-J.Kang 西弗吉尼亚大学机械与航空工程系

球形压痕技术在材料力学属性,诸如硬度,弹性模量等的测量中得到了广泛的应用。应用Twyman-Green及云纹干涉法并配合相移技术,本文对IN783合金进行了一系列的球形压痕实验研究,并对残余压痕的面内(u, v)及离面( w)变形场进行了定量测量... 详细信息

球形压痕技术在材料力学属性,诸如硬度,弹性模量等的测量中得到了广泛的应用。应用Twyman-Green及云纹干涉法并配合相移技术,本文对IN783合金进行了一系列的球形压痕实验研究,并对残余压痕的面内(u, v)及离面( w)变形场进行了定量测量和分析。应用面内变形测量结果,进一步对试件表面的应力-应变分布进行了分析和计算,并在离面变形场的基础上,确立了压痕周围的弹塑性边界,从而进一步应用面内的分析结果,得到材料的屈服强度。应用压痕实验的接触半径和压力并配合Tabor经验公式,本文进一步得到了材料的应力应变曲线。实验结果与已知的IN783合金相吻合。对所涉及的一系列压痕实验,本文也进行了二维有限元分析并得到了比较一致的结果。

关键词：球形压痕残余变形屈服强度 Twyman-Green干涉法干涉云纹

Investigation of fundo-antral reflex in human beings

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第42期11卷 6676-6680页

作者： satish sC Rao Anjana Kumar Brent Harris bruce Brown Konrad s schulze Department of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa United States

AIM： To examine the sensory and motor response（s） of the stomach following fundic distention and to assess whether cholinergic mechanisms influence these responses. METHODs： Fundic tone, gastric sensory responses and antral motility were evaluated in eight healthy volunteers after a probe with two sensors was placed in the antrum and a highly compliant balloon in the fundus. Isobaric balloon distentions were performed with a barostat. study was repeated in six volunteers after intravenous atropine was given. REsULTs： Fundic antral contractions curve was higher First sensation distention induced large amplitude in all subjects. The area under the （P〈0.05） during fundic distention. was reported at 12±4 mmHg, moderate sensation at 18±4 mmHg and discomfort at 21±4 mmHg. Discomfort was associated with a decrease in antral motility. After atropine was given, the area under the curve of pressure waves and fundic tone decreased （P〈0.05）. sensory thresholds were not affected. CONCLUsIONs： Fundic balloon distention induces an antral motor response, the fundo-antral reflex, which in part may be mediated by cholinergic mechanisms.

关键词： Gastric motility Reflex Fundo-antral reflex sensation

Nested Metal Catalysts:Metal Atoms and Clusters stabilized by Confinement with Accessibility on supports

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Precision Chemistry 2023年第1期1卷 3-13页

作者： bruce C.Gates Alexander Katz Jingyue Liu Department of Chemical Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCalifornia 95616United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States Department of Physics Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287United States

supported catalysts that are important in technology prominently include atomically dispersed metals and metal *** the metals are noble,they are typically unstablesusceptible to sinteringespecially under reducing *** the metals in supports such as organic polymers,metal oxides,and zeolites confers stability on the metals but at the cost of catalytic activity associated with the lack of accessibility of metal bonding sites to *** approach to stabilizing noble metal catalysts while maintaining their accessibility involves anchoring them in molecular-scale nests that are in or on *** nests include zeolite pore mouths,zeolite surface cups(half-cages),raft-like islands of oxophilic metals bonded to metal oxide supports,clusters of non-noble metals(e.g.,hosting noble metals as single-atom alloys),and nanoscale metal oxide islands that selectively bond to the catalytic metals,isolating them from the *** examples illustrate a trend toward precision in the synthesis of solid catalysts,and the latter two classes of nested catalysts offer realistic prospects for economical large-scale application.

关键词： catalyst synthesis supported metal catalysts encapsulated catalysts nested catalysts atomically dispersed metal catalysts

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia survival in an English regional ECMO center

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World Journal of Pediatric surgery 2023年第2期6卷 77-84页

作者： Elizabeth O'connor Ryo Tamura Therese Hannon sundeep Harigopal bruce Jaffray Paediatric surgery The Great North Children's HospitalNewcastle upon TyneTyne&WearUK Fetal medicine and obstetrics Royal Victoria InfirmaryNewcastle upon TyneTyne&WearUK Neonatal medicine Royal Victoria InfirmaryNewcastle upon TyneTyne&WearUK

Introduction Congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)remains a cause of neonatal *** aims are to describe contemporary rates of survival and the variables associated with this outcome,contrasting these with our study of two decades earlier and recent *** and methods A retrospective review of all infants diagnosed in a regional center between January 2000 and December 2020 was *** outcome of interest was *** explanatory variables included side of defect,use of complex ventilatory or hemodynamic strategies(inhaled nitric oxide(iNO),high-frequency oscillatory ventilation(HFOV),extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),and Prostin),presence of antenatal diagnosis,associated anomalies,birth weight,and *** changes were studied by measuring outcomes in each of four consecutive 63-month *** A total of 225 cases were *** was 60%(134 of 225).Postnatal survival was 68%(134 of 198 liveborn),and postrepair survival was 84%(134 of 159 who survived to repair).Diagnosis was made antenatally in 66%of *** associated with mortality were the need for complex ventilatory strategies(iNO,HFOV,Prostin,and ECMO),antenatal diagnosis,right-sided defects,use of patch repair,associated anomalies,birth weight,and *** has improved from our report of a prior decade and did not vary during the study *** survival has improved despite fewer *** multivariate analysis,the need for complex ventilation was the strongest predictor of death(OR=50,95%CI 13 to 224,pssociated anomalies ceased to be *** survival has improved from our earlier report,despite reduced numbers of *** may be related to increased use of complex ventilatory strategies.

关键词： survival termination sided

Food for Thought: Have We Been Giving the Wrong Dietary Advice?

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2013年第3期4卷 240-244页

作者： Zoe Harcombe Julien s.Baker bruce Davies Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health science Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of the West of ScotlandHamiltonUK University of Glamorgan PontypriddUK

Background: since 1984 UK citizens have been advised to reduce total dietary fat intake to 30% of total energy and saturated fat intake to 10%. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence [NICE] suggests a further benefit for Coronary Heart Disease [CHD] prevention by reducing saturated fat [sFA] intake to 6% - 7% of total energy and that 30,000 lives could be saved by replacing sFAs with Polyunsaturated fats [PUFAs]. Methods: 20 volumes of the seven Countries study, the seminal work behind the 1984 nutritional guidelines, were assessed. The evidence upon which the NICE guidance was based was reviewed. Nutritional facts about fat and the UK intake of fat are presented and the impact of macronutrient confusion on public health dietary advice is discussed. Findings: The seven Countries study classified processed foods, primarily carbohydrates, as saturated fats. The UK government and NICE do the same, listing biscuits, cakes, pastries and savoury snacks as saturated fats. Processed foods should be the target of public health advice but not natural fats, in which the UK diet is deficient. With reference to the macro and micro nutrient composition of meat, fish, eggs, and dairy foods the article demonstrates that dietary trials cannot change one type of fat for another in a controlled study. Interpretation: The evidence suggests that processed food is strongly associated with the increase in obesity, diabetes, CHD, and other modern illness in our society. The macro and micro nutrients found in meat, fish, eggs and dairy products, are vital for human health and consumption of these nutritious foods should be encouraged.

关键词： Cardiovascular Disease Obesity Fatty Acids saturated Fatty Acids Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Dietary Fats Dietary Carbohydrates Epidemiology

The parallel-plate resonator:An RF probe for MR and MRI studies over a wide frequency range

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第4期3卷 306-318页

作者： Andres Ramírez Aguilera Kevin J.sanders Gillian R.Goward bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada

We explore the use of the parallel-plate resonator for the study of thin cuboid samples over a wide range of magnetic resonance *** parallel-plate resonator functions at frequencies from tens to hundreds of *** parallel-plate resonators are presented and discussed in a frequency range from 8 to 500 *** resonance experiments were performed on both horizontal and vertical bore magnet systems with lithium and hydrogen ***-plate radiofrequency(RF)probes are easy to build and easy to *** and simulations showed good sensitivity of the parallel-plate RF probe geometry with a small decrease in sensitivity at higher frequencies.

关键词： Parallel-plate resonator Optimization Magnetic resonance/magnetic resonance imaging(MR/MRI) Batteries

Novel vertically aligned nanocomposite of Bi_(2)WO_(6)-Co_(3)O_(4) with room-temperature multiferroic and anisotropic optical response

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Nano Research 2021年第12期14卷 4789-4794页

作者： Leigang Li shikhar Misra Xingyao Gao Juncheng Liu Han Wang Jijie Huang bruce Zhang Ping Lu Haiyan Wang school of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana47907USA school of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana47907USA sandia National Laboratory AlbuquerqueNew Mexico87185USA

A new vertically aligned nanocomposite(VAN)structure based on two-dimensional(2D)layered oxides has been designed and self-assembled on both LaAlO_(3)(001)and srTiO3(001)*** new VAN structure consists of epitaxially grown Co_(3)O_(4) nanopillars embedded in the Bi_(2)WO_(6) matrix with a unique 2D layered structure,as evidenced by the microstructural *** property measurements show that the new Bi_(2)WO_(6)-Co_(3)O_(4) VAN structure exhibits strong ferromagnetic and piezoelectric response at room temperature as well as anisotropic permittivity *** work demonstrates a new approach in processing multifunctional VANs structure based on the layered oxide systems towards future nonlinear optics,ferromagnets,and multiferroics.

关键词： vertically aligned nanocomposite(VAN) multiferroics Aurivillius oxides layered oxides Co_(3)O_(4) Bi_(2)WO_(6)

基于Clementine和ULCN2005的月球测图研究

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测绘学报 2009年第4期38卷 290-295页

作者：宁晓刚 bruce King 张继贤中国测绘科学研究院北京100039 香港理工大学土地测量与地理资讯系

为使用嫦娥一号三线阵光学影像进行月球测图,本文研究月球测图的特殊性问题及其解决方案,提出基于Cle-mentine卫星影像数据和ULCN2005月球控制网进行月球测图的方法,应用商业数字摄影测量软件和自主研发的辅助软件系统进行了月球测图实... 详细信息

为使用嫦娥一号三线阵光学影像进行月球测图,本文研究月球测图的特殊性问题及其解决方案,提出基于Cle-mentine卫星影像数据和ULCN2005月球控制网进行月球测图的方法,应用商业数字摄影测量软件和自主研发的辅助软件系统进行了月球测图实验。该实验选择了月球近南极的一块区域(W109.7°～W163.4°,s69.3°～s84.2°,面积约1.5×105km2),采用10个轨道的60景Clementine的UVVIs影像、408个ULCN2005控制点(其中56个作为检查点)和1337个连接点,建立该区的DTM和地形图,水平中误差和垂直中误差分别为98.639m(0.19pixel)和1003.751m(1.93pixel)。论证基于嫦娥数据生成月球DTM和地形图的可行性。

关键词：月球测图空中三角测量嫦娥一号克莱门汀 ULCN 2005