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Correlation of Urinary Engrailed-2 Levels to Tumour Volume and Pathological Stage in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第3期4卷 726-733页

作者： Hardev Pandha Saqib Javed Prasanna Sooriakumaran Simon Bott bruce montgomery Anthony Hutton Christopher Eden Christopher Eden Stephen E. Langley Richard Morgan Frimley Park Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Portsmouth Road Frimley UK Oncology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK Royal Surrey County Hospital Guildford UK St. Georges Hospital London UK

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between pre-prostatectomy urinary Engrailed-2 (EN2), a transcription factor secreted by prostate cancer cells, with tumour volume and pathological characteristics in resected prostate specimens. First pass urine samples (10 ml) without prior prostatic massage were collected and stored at –80°C. EN2 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Tumour volume in the prostatectomy specimens was determined histologically. 57 men undergoing RP in one urological cancer network were evaluated. EN2 was detected in 85% of RP patients. EN2 correlated with tumour volume (but not total prostatic volume) in a linear regression analysis, with increasing pathological T stage and margin positivity. Using three “cutoff levels” of tumour volume (0.5 ml, 1.3 ml and 2.5 ml) to define “significant disease”, men with “significant disease” had markedly higher levels of urinary EN2 (p Levels of urinary EN2 may be useful in predicting tumour volume in men with prostate cancer by potentially identifying men with small volume “insignificant” disease. This study justifies a larger multicentre evaluation of urinary EN2 levels as a biomarker of PC significance using cancer volume, pathological and PSA criteria.

关键词： Biomarker Prostate Cancer Urine

Fracturing,caving propagation and influence of mining on groundwater above longwall panels–a review of predictive models

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 49-54页

作者： bruce Hebblewhite School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia

Historically there have been a number of different hypotheses and empirical models developed in an attempt to describe the nature of fracturing above longwall panels in underground coal *** motivation for suchmodels varies,ranging fromunderstanding the impact ofmining on surface subsidence,to back-analysis of caving behaviour in the immediate roof behind the longwall *** of the most critical motivating factors that is taking on increased importance in many coalfields,is the need for better understanding,and hence prediction of the impact of mining on overlying strata,particularly strata units acting as aquifers for different groundwater *** paper reviews some of the major prediction models in the context of observed behaviour of strata displacement and fracturing above longwall panels in the southern coalfields of New South Wales,south of *** paper discusses the parameter often referred to as"height of fracturing"in terms of the critical parameters that influence it,and the relevance and appropriateness of this terminology in the context of overlying sub-surface subsidence and groundwater *** paper proposes an alternative terminology for this parameter that better reflects what it is and how it is *** paper also addresses the potential role of major bedding shear planes mobilised by mining and their potential influence on overlying subsidence and groundwater interference.

关键词： Longwall mining Subsidence Groundwater Caving Underground coal mining

The art and science of species delimitation

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Current Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 846-853页

作者： bruce RANNALA Department of Evolution and Ecology University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA

DNA-based approaches to systematics have changed dramatically during the last two decades with the rise of DNA barcoding methods and newer multi-locus methods for species delimitation. During the last half-decade, partly driven by the new sequencing technologies, the focus has shifted to multi-locus sequence data and the identification of species within the frame-work of the multi-species coalescent （MSC）. In this paper, I discuss model-based Bayesian methods for species delimitation that have been developed in recent years using the MSC. Several approximate methods for species delimitation （and their limitations） are also discussed. Explicit species delimitation models have the advantage of clarifying more precisely what is being delimited and what assumptions we are making in doing so. Moreover, the methods can be very powerful when applied to large multi-locus datasets and thus take full advantage of data generated using today＇s technologies [Current Zoology 61 （5）： 846-853,2015].

关键词： Bayesian species delimitation Species concepts Multi-species coalescent

New microsome-associated HT-family proteins from Nicotiana respond to pollination and define an HT/NOD-24 protein family

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Molecular Plant 2008年第4期1卷 634-644页

作者： Katsuhiko Kondo bruce McClure Department of Biochemistry Interdisciplinary Plant Group and the Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri MI USA

HT-family proteins have been identified in Nicotiana, Solanum, and Petunia. HT-B-type proteins are implicated in S-RNase-based self-incompatibility, but the functions of other family members are unknown. Screening for cDNA sequences with an expression pattern similar to HT-B in Nicotiana alata revealed a new group of small HT-family proteins, designated HT-M. HT-M proteins resemble HT-B in several respects： their pistil-specific expression pattern is indistinguishable from HT-B, they pellet with a microsome fraction, and their abundance decreases after pollination. Unlike HT-B, there is no S-specificity to this response, and RNAi experiments show that HT-M proteins are not necessary for self-incompatibility. Identification of a third group of pistil-specific HT-family proteins helps better define the characteristics of the family and allowed identification of putative new family members. By searching the databases with only the most conserved HT- family sequence elements, the signal sequence and cysteine motifs, we identified nodulin-24-1ike proteins and several small glycine-rich proteins as putative HT-family members. Like HT-M and HT-B, nodulin-24 is membrane associated. We propose that the conserved features in HT-family proteins are important for targeting or modification and refer to the broader family that includes both HT- and nodulin-24-1ike proteins as the HT/NOD-24-family.

关键词： New microsome-associated HT-family pollination an HT/NOD-24 protein family

Study of Electron Beam Surfi-sculpt during Composite Materials Joining

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稀有金属材料与工程 2011年第S4期40卷 292-296页

作者： bruce Dance The Welding Institute(TWI) Cambridge CB1 6ALUK

Electron beam surfi-sculpt is a new metal surface processing technology,which is widely used in the areas of materials surface treatment,composite materials manufacturing,and so *** this paper,comeld technology,which was an application technology of electron beam surfi-sculpt during composite materials area,was *** tensile experiments results and failure forms of Ti6Al4V/Carbon fibre single step joints were compared with different joining methods,such as slick embedding,adhesive bonding,riveting and *** was found that comeld joint had more advantage of tensile property than other joining *** the same time,tensile process of comeld joint was analyzed with numerical simulation,and key factors of protrusions influenced tensile property were obtained,which was of importance to structure design and joint property improvement.

关键词： electron beam surfi-sculpt comeld joining methods tensile experiments numerical simulation

A review of the geomechanics aspects of a double fatality coal burst at Austar Colliery in NSW,Australia in April 2014

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 3-7页

作者： Hebblewhite bruce Calvin Jim School of Mining Engineering UNSWSydney 2052Australia

A coal burst occurred on 15 April, 2014 at the Austar Coal Mine, located west of Newcastle, NSW,Australia. The burst resulted in fatal injuries to two men working as part of the mining crew at the development face. At the time, a continuous miner was being used to mine a longwall development gate road through heavily structured coal, at a depth of approximately 550 m. A number of pre-cursor bumps had occurred on previous shifts, emanating from the coal ribs of the roadway, in proximity to the coal *** paper reviews the geological, geotechnical and mining conditions and circumstances leading up to the coal burst event; and presents and discusses the available evidence and possible interpretations relating to the geomechanical behaviour mechanisms that may have been critical factors in this incident. The paper also discusses some key technical and operational considerations of ground support systems and mining practices and strategies needed for operating in such conditions in the future.

关键词： Underground coal mining Roadway development Strata controlCoal burst Coal geology Mine safety

Biology Past and Biology Future:Where have we been and where are we going?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第25期8卷 2309-2316页

作者： bruce Alberts President of National Academy of Sciences Presented at the 2nd International Neural Regeneration Symposium(INRS2012) Shenyang

bruce Alberts, a prominent biochemist with a strong commitment to the improvement of science and mathematics education, serves as Editor-in-Chief of Science and as one of President Obama＇s first three Science Envoys. Alberts is also Professor Emeritus in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of California, San Francisco, to which he returned after serving two six-year terms as the president of the National Academy of Sciences （NAS）.

关键词： Biology Past and Biology Future

Two different mathematical schemes for solving chemical dissolution-front instability problems in fluid-saturated rocks

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 147-156页

作者： ZHAO ChongBin HOBBS bruce ORD Alison Computational Geosciences Research Centre Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Earth and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

Chemical dissolution-front instability(CDFI)problems usually involve multiple temporal and spatial scales,as well as multiple processes.A key issue associated with solving a CDFI problem in a fluid-saturated rock is to mathematically establish a theoretical criterion,which can be used to judge the instability of a chemical dissolution-front(CDF)propagating in the fluidsaturated *** theoretical paper deals with how two different mathematical schemes can be used to precisely establish such a theoretical criterion in a purely mathematical manner,rather than in a numerical simulation *** main distinguishment between these two different mathematical schemes is that in the first mathematical scheme,a curved surface coordinate system is used,while in the second mathematical scheme,a planar surface coordinate system is *** particular,all the key mathematical deduction steps associated with using these two different mathematical schemes are described and discussed in great *** main theoretical outcomes of this study have demonstrated that(1)two different mathematical schemes under consideration can produce exactly the same theoretical criterion;(2)the main advantage of using the first mathematical scheme is that the interface conditions at the curved interface between the downstream and upstream regions can be easily described mathematically;(3)the main advantage of using the second mathematical scheme is that the first-order perturbation equations of the CDFI problem can be easily described in a purely mathematical manner.

关键词： chemical dissolution theoretical analysis mathematical scheme front instability fluid-saturated rocks

Transient-state instability analysis of dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration in fluid-saturated porous rocks: Purely mathematical approach

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 319-328页

This paper deals with how the purely mathematical approach can be used to solve transient-state instability problems of dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration(DTRI) in fluid-saturated porous rocks. Three key steps involved in such an approach are:(1) to mathematically derive an analytical solution(known as the base solution or conventional solution) for a quasi-steady state problem of the dissolution timescale, which is viewed as a frozen state of the original transient-state instability problem;(2)to mathematically deduce a group of first-order perturbation partial-differential equations(PDEs) for the quasi-steady state problem;(3) to mathematically derive an analytical solution(known as the perturbation solution or unconventional solution) for this group of first-order perturbation PDEs. Because of difficulty in mathematically solving a transient-state instability problem of DTRI in general cases, only a special case, in which some nonlinear coupling between governing PDEs of the problem can be decoupled, is considered to illustrate these three key steps in this study. The related theoretical results demonstrated that the transient chemical dissolution front can become unstable in the DTRI system of large Zh numbers when the long wavelength perturbations are applied to the system. This new finding may lay the theoretical foundation for developing innovative technique to exploit shale gas resources in the deep Earth.

关键词： mathematical study dissolution timescale reactive infiltration instability chemical dissolution perturbation solution porous rocks