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Nexus security： governance, innovation and the resilient city

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2013年第5期7卷 640-657页

作者： Michael bruce BeCK Rodrigo VILLARROeL WALKeR Wamell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2152 USA

Nexus security is a compound mix of ideas： reconciling human needs and wants with access to multiple resources; diversity of access to those resources and services; resilience in the face of weather- and climate- related variability; resilience likewise in the face of infrastructure failure; and the personal, individual sense of belonging. At the level of Systems Thinking there is a very close relationship between resilience in the behavior of natural （ecological） systems and resilience in the social dynamics of governance within communities, where such resilience establishes the viability of these communities over centuries, which in turn entails successful stewardship of the man-environment relationship. We use insights from this cross-system mapping -- across natural, built, and human systems -- to assess, first, the role of city governance in achieving nexus security （or not） and, second, the role of technological innovations in serving the same purpose. More specifically, eight principles, covering resilience and diversity of access to resources and services, are used to gauge security-enhancing features of city buildings and infrastructure. Case studies include new designs of resilient office blocks, nutrient （nitrogen and phosphorus） recovery systems for sanitation and waste- water treatment, and the reconstruction of urban parks for the provision of ecosystem services. Throughout the paper, matters of risk in the face of meteorological variability are prominent. We do not conclude, however, that the presence of risk implies nexus insecurity.

关键词： cities as forces for good climate variability,ecosystem services energy and nutrient recovery infrastructure failure urban metabolism

Using on-site liver 3-D reconstruction and volumetric calculations in split liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第6期15卷 587-592页

作者： Trevor W Reichman Brittany Fiorello Ian Carmody Humberto Bohorquez Ari Cohen John Seal David bruce George e Loss Ochsner Multi-Organ Transplant Institute Ochsner Medical Center

BACKGROUND： Split liver transplantation increases the number of grafts available for transplantation. Pre-recovery assessment of liver graft volume is essential for selecting suitable recipients. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability and feasibility of constructing a 3-D model to aid in surgical planning and to predict graft weight prior to an in situ division of the donor liver. MeTHODS： Over 11 months, 3-D volumetric reconstruction of 4 deceased donors was performed using Pathfinder Scout liver volumetric software. Demographic, laboratory, operative, perioperative and survival data for these patients along with donor demographic data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. ReSULTS： The average predicted weight of the grafts from the adult donors obtained from an in situ split procedure were 1130 g （930-1458 g） for the extended right lobe donors and 312 g （222-396 g） for left lateral segment grafts. Actual adult graft weight was 92% of the predicted weight for both the extended right grafts and the left lateral segment grafts. The predicted and actual graft weights for the pediatric donors were 176 g and 210 g for the left lateral segment grafts and 308 g and 280 g for the extended right lobe grafts,respectively. All grafts were transplanted except for the right lobe from the pediatric donors due to the small graft ***： On-site volumetric assessment of donors provides useful information for the planning of an in situ split and for selection of recipients. This information may expand the donor pool to recipients previously felt to be unsuitable due to donor and/or recipient weight.

关键词： split liver transplantation reduced-size liver transplantation 3-D reconstruction

New insights into the vitamin D requirements during pregnancy

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Bone Research 2017年第3期5卷 161-176页

作者： bruce W Hollis Carol L Wagner Department of Pediatrics Darby Children's Research Institute Medical University of South Carolina

Pregnancy represents a dynamic period with physical and physiological changes in both the mother and her developing fetus. The dramatic 2-3 fold increase in the active hormone 1,25（OH）2D concentrations during the early weeks of pregnancy despite minimal increased calcium demands during that time of gestation and which are sustained throughout pregnancy in both the mother and fetus suggests an immunomodulatory role in preventing fetal rejection by the mother. While there have been numerous observational studies that support the premise of vitamin D＇s role in maintaining maternal and fetal well-being, until recently, there have been few randomized clinical trials with vitamin D supplementation. One has to exhibit caution, however, even with RCTs, whose results can be problematic when analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis and when there is high non-adherence to protocol （as if often the case）, thereby diluting the potential good or harm of a given treatment at higher doses. As such, a biomarker of a drug or in this case ＂vitamin＂ or pre-prohormone is better served. For these reasons, the effect of vitamin D therapies using the biomarker circulating 25（OH）D is a far better indicator of true ＂effect.＂ When pregnancy outcomes are analyzed using the biomarker 25（OH）D instead of treatment dose, there are notable differences in maternal and fetal outcomes across diverse racial/ethnic groups, with improved health in those women who attain a circulating 25（OH）D concentration of at least 100 nmol. L-1 （40 ng. mL-1）. Because ,an important issue is the timing or initiation of vitamin D treatment/supplementation, and given the potential effect of vitamin D on placental gene expression and its effects on inflammation within the placenta, it appears crucial to start vitamin D treatment before placentation （and trophoblast invasion）; however, this question remains unanswered. Additional work is needed to decipher the vitamin D requirements of pregnant women and the optimal timing of s

关键词： New insights into the vitamin D requirements during pregnancy

A semi-quantitative coal burst risk classification system

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第5期28卷 721-727页

作者： Onur Vardar Chengguo Zhang Ismet Canbulat bruce Hebblewhite School of Minerals and energy Resources engineering University of New South Wales

Safety is the highest priority in the mining industry as underground mining in particular poses high safety risks to its workers. In underground coal mines, coal bursts are one of the most catastrophic hazards, which involves sudden and violent dynamic coal mass failure with rapid ejection of the broken material into the mine workings. Despite decades of research, the contributing mechanisms of coal bursts are still not completely understood. Hence, it remains challenging to forecast coal bursts and quantify their likelihood of occurrence. However, a range of geological and geotechnical factors are associated with coal bursts and can increase the coal burst proneness. This paper introduces a semi-quantitative coal burst risk classification system, namely, BurstRisk. Based on back-analysis of case histories from Australia, China and the United States, BurstRisk classifies the coal burst risk into three categories:low, medium and high risk. In addition, it allows mining engineers to modify the weighting of the selected factors based on specific conditions. The risk classification charts introduced are for both longwall retreat and development sections of long-wall mining operations. This paper also provides a set of risk management strategies and control measures for effective coal burst mitigation.

关键词： Underground coal mining Coal burst Rockburst Risk management Safety Semi-quantitative

Fast Arithmetics Using Chinese Remaindering

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China Communications 2007年第4期4卷 45-47页

作者： George Davida bruce Litow Department of ee & CS University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeWIUSA School of Information Technology James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLDAus-tralia

In this paper,some issues concerning the Chinese remaindering representation are discussed.A new converting method is described. An efficient refinement of the division algorithm of Chiu,Davida and Litow is given.

关键词： will NCI Fast Arithmetics Using Chinese Remaindering 一刀

Methodology,Fake Learning,and emotional Performativity

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eCNU Review of education 2022年第1期5卷 140-155页

作者： bruce Macfarlane School of education University of Bristol35 Berkeley SquareBristolBS81JAUK

Purpose:Academics are at the forefront of criticisms about so-called“fake news”considered to undermine evidence-based approaches to the understanding of complex social,political,and economic ***,universities contribute to the production of fake news through the legitimization of measures that promote student performativity rewarding their academic *** conceptual article will seek to illustrate how this can occur via the writing of methodology chapters by postgraduate ***/Approach/Methods:This article provides a critical analysis of the writing of methodology chapters in dissertations and theses in postgraduate education in the social *** so doing,it applies the concept of performativity to student ***:It is argued that the pressures on students to comply with the requirements of emotional performativity in respect to ideology and method in close-up,qualitative research can lead to fake *** phenomenon may be exemplified by reference to a number of practices,namely,phony positionality,methodolatry,ethical cleansing,participatory posturing,and symbolic ***/Value:This article provides an illustration of the concept of student *** demonstrates that emotional performativity plays a significant role in the way in which students are required to comply with expectations that give rise to inauthenticity in learning.

关键词： Fake learning methodolatry qualitative research student performativity

MicroRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 539-544页

作者： Jeff P.bruce Fei-Fei Liu Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Radiation Oncology Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Radiation Oncology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Medical Biophysics University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) provide insight into both the biology and clinical behavior of many human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). The dysregulation of miRNAs in NPC results in a variety of tumor-promoting effects. Furthermore, several miRNAs are prognostic markers for NPC. In addition to cellular miRNAs, NPC samples also often contain miRNAs encoded by epstein-Barr virus, and these miRNAs may impact NPC biology by targeting both cellular and viral genes. Given their numerous putative roles in NPC development and progression, a thorough understanding of the impact of miRNA dysregulation in NPC is expected to shed light on useful biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the clinical management of this disease. In this review, we describe the efforts to date to identify and characterize such miRNAs in the context of NPC.

关键词： microRNA 鼻咽癌 epstein-Barr病毒 miRNA 生物标志物微RNA 临床管理 NPC

Amarts on Riesz Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,english Series 2008年第2期24卷 329-342页

作者： Coenraad C.A. LABUSCHAGNe bruce A.WATSON School of Mathematics University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3 P O WITS 2050 South Africa

The concepts of conditional expectations, martingales and stopping times were extended to the Riesz space context by Kuo, Labuschagne and Watson （Discrete time stochastic processes on Riesz spaces, Indag. Math.,15（2004）, 435-451）. Here we extend the definition of an asymptotic martingale （amart） to the Riesz spaces context, and prove that Riesz space amarts can be decomposed into the sum of a martingale and an adapted sequence convergent to zero. Consequently an amart convergence theorem is deduced.

关键词： amart martingale Riesz space Banach lattice

Partition Identities Arising from Theta Function Identities

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,english Series 2008年第6期24卷 955-970页

作者： Nayandeep Deka BARUAH bruce C.BeRNDT Department of Mathematical Sciences Tezpur UniversityNapaam-784028SonitpurAssamIndia Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign1409 West Green St.UrbanaIL 61801USA

The authors show that certain theta function identities of Schroeter and Ramanujan imply elegant partition identities.

关键词： partitions colored partitions partition identities theta function identities modular equations