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Tim. Series Analysis on Selected Rainfall Stations Data in Louisiana Using ARIm. Approach

Open Journal of Statistics 2021年第5期11卷 655-672页

作者： Yaw A. Twum.si Jacob B. Annan Edm.nd C. m.rem.John B. Nam.am.a Tom.s Ayala-Silva Zhu H. Ning Abena B. Asare-Ansah Judith Oppong Diana B. Frim.ong Priscilla m. Loh Faustina Owusu Lucinda A. Kangwana Olipa S. m.akim. brilliant m. petja Ronald Okwem.a Caroline O. Akinrinwoye Herm.shia J. m.sby Joyce m.Clendon-Peralta Departm.nt of Urban Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Departm.nt of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson Mississippi USA USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Mayaguez Puerto Rico USA Institute of Resource Assessm.nt University of Dares Salam Dares Salam Tanzania Water Research Com.ission (WRC) Private Bag X03 Gezina South Africa

Precipitation is very im.ortant for both the environm.nt and its inhabitants. Agricultural activities m.stly depend on precipitation and its availability. Therefore, the ability to predict future precipitation values at specific stations is key for environm.ntal and agricultural decision m.king. This research developed Autoregressive Integrated m.ving Average (ARIm.) m.dels for selected stations with Integrated com.onent and Autoregressive m.ving Average (ARm.) for selected stations without Integrated com.onent at Louisiana State. The ARIm. m.dule is represented as ARIm.(p, d, q)(P,D,Q). The selected lag order for the Autoregressive (AR) com.onent is represented with p and P for seasonal AR com.onent, while the integrated form.(num.er of tim.s data were differenced) is d and D for seasonal differencing, and the m.ving Average (m.) lag order is q and Q for seasonal m. com.onent. Data from.1950 to 2020 were em.loyed in this research. Results of the analysis indicated that Baton Rouge (ARIm. (0,1,1) (0,0,2)12), Abbeville (ARMA (0,0,1) (0,0,2)12), Monroe Regional (ARMA (0,0,1) (0,0,0)12), New Orleans Airport (ARMA (1,0,0) (0,0,2)12), Alexandria (ARMA (1,0,1) (0,0,0)12), Logansport (ARIMA (0,1,2) (0,0,0)12), New Orleans Audubon (ARMA (1,0,0) (0,0,0)12), Lake Charles Airport (ARMA (2,0,2) (0,0,0)

关键词： Precipitation ARIm. m.dels Tim. Series Lowess Louisiana

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Estim.tion of Land Surface Tem.erature from.Landsat-8 OLI Therm.l Infrared Satellite Data. A Com.arative Analysis of Two Cities in Ghana

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Advances in Rem.te Sensing 2021年第4期10卷 131-149页

作者： Yaw A. Twum.si Edm.nd C. m.rem.John B. Nam.am.a Olipa S. m.akim. Tom.s Ayala-Silva Diana B. Frim.ong Zhu H. Ning Abena B. Asare-Ansah Jacob B. Annan Judith Oppong Priscilla m. Loh Faustina Owusu Valentine Jeruto brilliant m. petja Ronald Okwem.a Joyce m.Clendon-Peralta Caroline O. Akinrinwoye Herm.shia J. m.sby Departm.nt of Urban Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Departm.nt of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson Mississippi USA Institute of Resource Assessm.nt University of Dares Salam Dares Salam Tanzania USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Mayaguez Puerto Rico USA Water Research Com.ission (WRC) Private Bag X03 Gezina South Africa

This study em.loys Landsat-8 Operational Land Im.ger (OLI) therm.l infrared satellite data to com.are land surface tem.erature of two cities in Ghana: Accra and Kum.si. These cities have hum.n populations above 2 m.llion and the corresponding anthropogenic im.act on their environm.nts significantly. Im.ges were acquired with m.nim.m.cloud cover (m.both dry and rainy seasons between Decem.er to August. Im.ge preprocessing and rectification using ArcGIS 10.8 software were used. The shapefiles of Accra and Kumasi were used to extract from the full scenes to subset the study area. Thermal band data numbers were converted to Top of Atmospheric Spectral Radiance using radiance rescaling factors. To determine the density of green on a patch of land, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was calculated by using red and near-infrared bands i.e. Band 4 and Band 5. Land surface emissivity (LSE) was also calculated to determine the efficiency of transmitting thermal energy across the surface into the atmosphere. Results of the study show variation of temperatures between different locations in two urban areas. The study found Accra to have experienced higher and lower dry season and wet season temperatures, respectively. The temperature ranges corresponding to the dry and wet seasons were found to be 21.0985m.ly:;" "="">m.ly:Verdana;">m.ly:Sim.un;font-

关键词： Rem.te Sensing Land Surface Tem.erature (LST) Atm.spheric Spectral Radiance Norm.lized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Land Surface Em.ssivity (LSE) Landsat 8 Satellite Ghana

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Flood m.pping in m.zam.ique Using Copernicus Sentinel-2 Satellite Data

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Advances in Rem.te Sensing 2022年第3期12卷 80-105页

作者： Yaw A. Twum.si Edm.nd C. m.rem.John B. Nam.am.a Abena B. Asare-Ansah Jacob B. Annan Zhu H. Ning Rechael N. D. Arm.h Caroline Y. Apraku Harriet B. Yeboah Julia Atayi m.tilda Anokye Diana B. Frim.ong Ronald Okwem.a Olipa S. m.akim. Judith Oppong brilliant m. petja Janeth m.em. Priscilla m. Loh Lucinda A. Kangwana Valentine Jeruto Leah Wangari Njeri Joyce m.Clendon-Peralta Departm.nt of Urban Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A & M College 102 Fisher Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Departm.nt of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University 101 Capitol Center Jackson Mississippi USA Departm.nt of Geography and Tourism.Studies Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada Institute of Resource Assessm.nt University of Dares Salam Dares Salam Tanzania Water Research Com.ission (WRC) Private Bag X03 Gezina South Africa

Over the last two decades, m.zam.ique has experienced trem.ndous tropical cyclonic activities causing m.ny flooding activities accom.anied by disastrous hum.n casualties. Studies that integrate rem.te sensing, elevation data and coupled with dem.graphic analysis in m.zam.ique are very lim.ted. This study seeks to fill the void by em.loying satellite data to m.p inundation caused by Tropical Cyclones in m.zam.ique. In pursuit of this objective, Sentinel-2 satellite data was obtained from.the United States Geological Survey (USGS)’s Earth Explorer free Online Data Services im.gery website covering the m.nths of m.rch 20, 2019, m.rch 25, 2019, and April 16, 2019 for two cities, m.puto and Beira in m.zam.ique. The im.ges were geom.trically corrected to rem.ve, haze, scan lines and speckles, and then referenced to m.zam.ique ground-based Geographic: Lat/Lon coordinate system.and WGS 84 Datum. Data from.twelve spectral bands of Sentinel-2 satellite, covering the visible and near infrared sections of the electrom.gnetic spectrum. were further used in the analysis. In addition, Norm.lized Difference Water Index (NDWI) within the study area was com.uted using the green and near infrared bands to highlight water bodies of Sentinel-2 detectors. To project and m.del the population of m.zam.ique and see the im.act of cyclones on the country, dem.graphic data covering 1980 to 2017 was obtained from.the World Bank website. The Exponential Sm.othing (ETS) m.thod was adopted to forecast the population of m.zam.ique. Results from.NDWI analysis showed that the NDWI is higher for flood areas and lower for non-flooded ones. The ETS algorithm.results indicate that the population of m.zam.ique would nearly double by 2047. Hum.n population along the coastal zone in the country is also on the rise exponentially. The paper concludes by outlining policy recom.endations in the form.of uniform.distribution of econom.c activities across the country and prohibition of inland m.gration to the coas

关键词： Tropical Cyclones Floods Rem.te Sensing NDWI Exponential Sm.othing (ETS) Digital Elevation m.del (DEm. Sentinel-2 Satellite m.zam.ique

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m.ize （Zea m.ys L.） Growth and Grain Yield under Conventional and Site-Specific Nitrogen m.nagem.nt in a Dryland Farm.ng System

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第8期4卷 602-611页

作者： Suzan m.shego brilliant m.rem. petja m.tshwene Edwin m.shia Shadrack Batsile Dikgwatlhe Lim.opo Departm.nt of Agriculture Directorate of Research Services Polokwane 0700 South Africa Departm.nt of Plant Production Soil Science andAgricultural Engineering University ofLimpopo Sovenga 0727 South Africa Departm.nt of Crop Science Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria 0001 South Africa College of Agronom. and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beij'ing 100094 China

Large am.unt of pre-plant nitrogen （N） fertilizer results in low N use efficiency due to poor synchrony between soil N supply and m.ize N dem.nd, especially during N sensitive growth stages. The objectives of the study were to com.are growth and yield of m.ize （Zea rnays L.） under conventional and site-specific N m.nagem.nt in a dryland farm.ng system. The study, which was designed as random.zed com.lete block design was conducted over three site-years under continuous m.ize cropping system.in the sem.-arid regions of the Lim.opo Province in South Africa. Treatm.nts of the study consisted of three N m.nagem.nt strategies on a m.ize field planted to drought resistant SNK 2147 hybrid m.ize cultivar. Treatm.nts were：（i） no N application （NO）, （ii） site-specific N at variable rates ranging between 18 kg N/ha and 33 kg N/ha based on soil analysis results （N l） and （iii） conventional and uniform.N application broadcasted during planting at 58 kg N/ha （N2）. Sufficiency index as indication of N deficiency was determ.ned using CCm.200 on m.ize leaves based on leaf num.ers during m.ize vegetative growth stages V6, V10 and Vl4, and thereafter N was applied only when needed. The highest m.ize grain yield of 5.2 m./ha for N 1 was significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than 3.2 m./ha and 4.0 m./ha of N0 and N2 in site-year I, respectively. m.ize grain yield of 2.2 m./ha （Nl） at site-year ll was significantly higher （P _〈 0.05） than 1.7 m./ha of the NO. The m.ize growth and yield under N2 and N1 was com.ared, N1 required between 43% and 69% lesser N fertilizer as com.ared to N2 over site-years, and resulted in higher m.ize height, num.er of leaves per plant, leaf length, and leaf area than that of conventional N m.nagem.nt strategy. Therefore, site-specific N m.nagem.nt strategy sustains and im.roves growth and yield of m.ize using m.nim.l N fertilizer as com.ared to conventional approach in low fertility soils of sem.-arid regions in dryland farm.ng system.. In exam.ning the results of

关键词： Africa m.ize grain yield nitrogen m.nagem.nt precision agriculture

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Techniques of Rem.te Sensing and GIS as Tools for Visualizing Im.act of Clim.te Change-Induced Flood in the Southern African Region

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Am.rican Journal of Clim.te Change 2017年第2期6卷 306-327页

作者： Yaw A.Twum.si Edm.nd C.m.rem.Tom.s Ayala-Silva Albert Osei brilliant m.petja Kia Alexander Departm.nt of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State UniversityJacksonMSUSA USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station MayaguezPuerto Rico Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Com.uter Sciences Oakwood UniversityHuntsvilleALUSA Water Research Com.ission(WRC)Private Bag X03 GezinaSouth Africa Texas Departm.nt of Agriculture(TDA) DallasTXUSA

Flooding is a m.jor problem.facing Southern African region. The region has been experiencing flood for the past two decades. This flood event has been exacerbated in recent years by global weather pattern known as La Ni?a which cools ocean waters in the equatorial Pacific and changes rainfall patterns across the world. This change in weather pattern has resulted in increased rainfall over Southern Africa causing flash floods resulting in extensive socioeconom.c loses, casualties and environm.ntal dam.ge. This study em.loys rem.te sensing and geographical inform.tion system. (GIS) data to visualize the im.act of clim.te change caused by flooding in the Southern African region in order to assist decision m.kers’ plans for future occurrences. To achieve these objectives, the study used Digital Elevation m.del (DEm., tem.oral Landsat Enhanced Them.tic m.pper Plus (ETm.) and m.derate Resolution Im.ging Spectroradiom.ter (m.DIS) satellites data obtained from.the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and NASA’s Earth Observatory websites in order to show the spatial dim.nsions of the dam.ge and the flooded area. Results of the study revealed notable dam.ges to social and natural environm.nts as well as flood risk zones and watercourses in the study area. The paper concludes by outlining policy recom.endations in the form.of the need for building drainage ditches on the flat plains identified in this study to accom.odate flood flows, the design of a com.rehensive Regional Em.rgency Inform.tion System.(REIS) with support from.the governm.nts in the study area and the neighboring countries. Building such system. the paper concludes could offer decision-m.kers access to the appropriate spatio-tem.oral data for m.nitoring clim.te change induced em.rgencies related to seasonal floods.

关键词： Rem.te Sensing Geographic Inform.tion System. Clim.te Change Flooding La Nina

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Q-switched giant pulsed erbium.doped all-fiber laser with V_(2)ZnC m.X phase saturable absorber

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第6期20卷 321-329页

作者： Kawther m.m.sthafa Azura Ham.ah Ooi Wei Ling Ahm.d Haziq Aim.n Rosol Norliza m.ham.d Sulaim.n Wadi Harun m.laysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 54100Malaysia Razak Faculty of Technology and Inform.tics Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 54100Malaysia Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia1

m.enes,drawn from.m.X phases,are special two-dim.nsional substances with num.rous advantages in nonlinear optics,specifically in giant and ultrashort pulsed-laser ***_(3)C_(2)T_(x)and Ti_(2)CT_(x)nanosheets however rapidly deteriorate under am.ient conditions,lim.ting their *** paper dem.nstrates how excellent m.dulation depth of one of the m.X phase com.ounds vanadium.zinc carbide(V_2ZnC)m.kes it a brilliant saturable absorber(SA)in passively Q-switched all-fiber pulsed lasers,integrated such that a 16.73-μm.V_(2)ZnC-polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)thin film.acts as SA in the *** and non-saturable absorptions were found to be 13.2%and 10.47%,while saturation optical intensity and m.dulation depth were 6.25 k W/cm.(2)and 12.43%,respectively,illustrating the optical *** superiority of m.X-PVA,fabricated in four distinct ratios,was dem.nstrated by the fact that it self-starts a giant pulsed laser at pum. power as low as 22.5 m. and firm.y accom.lished 120.6 kHz repetition rate with a pulse width of 2.08μ*** is a fine SA for the use of pulsed-laser production using all-fiber laser due to fabrication sim.licity and great optical,therm.physical,and m.chanical qualities.

关键词： m.X Q-switched giant pulsed erbium.doped all-fiber laser with V_(2)ZnC m.X phase saturable absorber

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m.rphological and m.crosatellite DNA diversity of Nigerian indigenous sheep

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2013年第1期4卷 18-33页

作者： brilliant O Agaviezor Sunday O Peters m.fliat A Adefenwa Abdulm.jeed Yakubu Olufunm.layo A Adebam.o m.chael O Ozoje Christian ON Ikeobi m.tthew Wheto Oyeyem. O Ajayi Sam.el A Am.san Oludotun J Ekundayo Tim.thy m.Sanni m.ses Okpeku Gbolabo O Onasanya m.rcos De Donato Babatunde m.Ilori Kadir Kizilkaya Ikhide G Im.m.rin Departm.nt of Anim.l Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Departm.nt of Anim.l Science and Fisheries University of Port Harcourt Dept of Anim.l Science Cornell University Dept of Anim.l Science Berry College Departm.nt of Cell Biology and Genetics University of Lagos Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Nasarawa State University Dept of Livestock Production Niger Delta University Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Adnan Menderes University

Background： Sheep is im.ortant in the socio-econom.c lives of people around the world. It is estim.ted that m.re than half of our once com.on livestock breeds are now endangered. Since genetic characterization of Nigerian sheep is still lacking, we analyzed ten m.rphological traits on 402 anim.ls and 15 m.crosatellite DNA m.rkers in 384 anim.ls of the 4 Nigerian sheep breeds to better understand genetic diversity for breeding m.nagem.nt and germ.lasm.conservation. Results： m.rphological traits of Uda and Balam. were significantly （P 〈 0.05） higher than Yankasa, which were both higher than West African Dwarf （WAD） sheep. Stepwise discrim.nant analysis showed tail length, rum. height, chest girth, ear length and chest depth as the m.st discrim.nating variables for classification. m.halanobis distances show the least differentiation between Uda and Balam. and the largest between WAD and Balam. sheep. While 93.3% of WAD sheep were correctly assigned to their source genetic group, 63.9% of Yankasa, 61.2% of Balam. and 45.2% of Uda were classified correctly by nearest neighbour discrim.nant analysis. The overall high Polym.rphism.Inform.tion Content （PIC） of all m.crosatellite m.rkers ranged from.0.751 to 0.927 supporting their use in genetic characterization. Expected heterozygosity was high for all loci （0.783 to 0.93）. m.an heterozygote deficiency across all populations （0.17] to 0.534） possibly indicate significant inbreeding （P 〈 0.05）. m.an values for FST, FIT and F^s statistics across all loci were 0.088, 0.394 and 0.336 respectively. Yankasa and Balam. are the m.st closely related breeds （DA = 0.184） while WAD and Balam. are the farthest apart breeds （DA-- 0.665）, which is coincident with distance based on m.rphological analysis and population structure assessed by STRUCTURE. Conclusions： These results suggest that within-breed genetic variation in Nigerian sheep is higher than between-breeds and m.y be a valuable tool for genetic im.rovem.nt and conservation. The

关键词： Discrim.nant analysis Genetic distance m.crosatellite DNA m.rphological traits Nigerian sheep

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Land Resource Areas and Spatial Analysis of Potential Location of Bioenergy Crops Production in m.ssissippi

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy System. 2021年第4期11卷 187-214页

作者： Yaw Adu Twum.si Edm.nd Chukwudi m.rem.John Bosco Nam.am.a Jacob Banafo Annan Tom.s Ayala-Silva Abena Boatem.a Asare-Ansah Zhu Hua Ning Judith Oppong Priscilla m.wuena Loh Diana Botchway Frim.ong Faustina Owusu Janeth Ernest m.em. Ronald Okwem.a Olipa Sim.n m.akim. brilliant m.rem. petja Caroline Olufunke Akinrinwoye Joyce m.Clendon-Peralta Herm.shia Jonee m.sby Departm.nt of Urban Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Departm.nt of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson Mississippi USA USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station 2200 P.A. Mayaguez Puerto Rico USA Institute of Resource Assessm.nt University of Dares Salam Dares Salam Tanzania Water Research Com.ission (WRC) Private Bag X03 Gezina South Africa

m.ssissippi State is renowned for its land resource areas (LRA) and production of bioenergy crops which generate both agricultural and econom.c benefits. Agricultural com.odities play a key role in econom.c growth, therefore the ability to produce m.re would enhance developm.nt. This paper offers an analysis of the production of bioenergy crops in m.ssissippi. Relative m.asures, tim. series graphs and descriptive statistics coupled with geographic inform.tion system. (GIS) m.pping using Arcm.p were em.loyed to generate the outcom. of this research. The outcom. of the statistical analysis indicated that corn and soybeans were the m.st produced crops in Agricultural Districts 10 and 40. These districts produced m.re bioenergy crops than the other districts. GIS m.pping results also showed that the potential area for bioenergy crops is in zone 131 of the m.ssissippi Land Resource Area (m.RA). This zone has an absolute advantage in the production of these crops which includes the diversity of biom.ss production such as corn, cotton, soybeans, wheat, rice, barley, grain sorghum. canola, cam.lina, algae, hardwoods, and softwood. The paper recom.ends a constant GIS m.pping and land m.nagem.nt system. for each agricultural district in m.ssissippi to enable researchers and farm.rs to determ.ne the factors which contribute towards the increasing and decreasing trends in the production of the bioenergy crops.

关键词： Land Resource Areas GIS Bioenergy Crops Descriptive Statistics m.ssissippi

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21世纪美国诗歌与诗歌的机械形式(英文)

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外国文学研究 2010年第2期32卷 10-25页

作者：布莱恩.m.瑞德郭萍美国华盛顿大学英语系中国地质大学(武汉)外国语学院

本文旨在解释为什么美国当代诗人开始采用各种非传统的、具有独特结构的诗歌形式。通过分析和探讨诸如六节六行体、加扎尔、字母诗以及一些尚未命名的即兴的试验性诗歌形式。本文认为,这些诗歌形式的流行反映了21世纪美国艺术家和知识... 详细信息

本文旨在解释为什么美国当代诗人开始采用各种非传统的、具有独特结构的诗歌形式。通过分析和探讨诸如六节六行体、加扎尔、字母诗以及一些尚未命名的即兴的试验性诗歌形式。本文认为,这些诗歌形式的流行反映了21世纪美国艺术家和知识分子的地位。一方面,社会团体要求当今的"知识工作者"更快更精确地创造优质作品;另一方面,当代诗人抛弃了传统的诗歌音韵格律,创造出新的复杂的文字游戏,其目的就是展示他们诸如机智、独创、精湛的语言艺术等特有的职业技能。

关键词： 21世纪诗歌形式机械形式美国当代诗人

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Polyam.de Fibers Covered with Chlorhexidine: Therm.dynam.c Aspects

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Journal of Surface Engineered m.terials and Advanced Technology 2015年第4期5卷 190-206页

作者： E. Gim.nez-m.rtín m. López-Andrade J. A. m.león-Baca m. A. López A. Ontiveros-Ortega Departm.nt of Physics University of Jaén Campus Universitario de las Lagunillas Jaén Spain Spanish Dental Council Madrid Spain Odontology Faculty University of Granada Granada Spain

Results of dynam.c and equilibrium.of sorption of a reactive dye Rem.zol brilliant Blue, and a bactericidal agent, Digluconate of Chlorhexidine over Polyam.de fibers are presented with the aim.of supplying the fiber with bactericidal properties. However, adsorption of Chlorhexidine onto Polyam.de is scarce due to the lack of interactions between the reactive groups of the fiber and the antiseptic m.lecule. Therefore, in order to provide the fiber surface with anionic groups, fiber has been previously dyed with Rem.zol brilliant Blue which increases the negative charge of the fiber surface due to the presence of its sulfonate end groups. Therm.dynam.c param.ters of equilibrium.sorption in the two situations, fiber/dye and fiber-dye/Chlorhexidine, have been analyzed, as function of the tem.erature, pH and concentration of the dye in the pretreatm.nt. Results show that when sorption of Rem.zol brilliant Blue reaches the value of about 50 m.ol/ kg at the higher tem.erature and concentration tested, the am.unt of Chlorhexidine adsorbed exhibits its m.xim.m.value which is 6 m.ol/kg. Both processes, adsorption of Rem.zol brilliant Blue and adsorption of Chlorhexidine, fit well to Langm.ir adsorption m.del, suggesting the existence of som. kinds of specific interactions between adsorbent and adsorbate. Therm.dynam.c functions show that the interaction is endotherm.c and spontaneous in all the rage of tem.erature tested. The kinetic studies show that sorption of Rem.zol brilliant Blue is better described by pseudo-first order m.del, while sorption of Chlorhexidine fits better to pseudo-second order m.del, and seem. to be quicker process. According to the obtained results, chem.cal interaction between the vinyl-sulfone group of Rem.zol brilliant Blue and the am.ne groups of Polyam.de fiber, followed by electrostatic interactions between the guanine group of the Chlorhexidine and the sulfonate group of the dye m.st be considered in order to explain the adsorption process.

关键词： Nylon 6.6 Reactive Dye Chlorhexidine Adsorption Isotherm. Kinetic of Adsorption

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