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Portal hypertension in polycystic liver disease patients does not affect wait-list or immediate post-liver transplantation outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 9966-9973页

作者： Neil Rajoriya Dhiraj Tripathi Joanna A Leithead bridget k gunson Sophie Lord James W Ferguson Gideon M Hirschfield Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Centre for Liver Research NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit University of Birmingham

AIM To establish the impact of portal hypertension(PH) on wait-list/post-transplant outcomes in patients with polycystic liver disease(PCLD) listed for liver transplantation. METHODS A retrospective single-centre case controlled study of consecutive patients listed for liver transplantation over 12 years was performed from our centre. PH in the PCLD cohort was defined by the one or more of following parameters:(1) presence of radiological or endoscopic documented varices from our own centre or the referral centre;(2) splenomegaly(> 11 cm) on radiology inabsence of splenic cysts accounting for increased imaging size;(3) thrombocytopenia(platelets kidney transplantation, n = 12) with 19 patients(40.4%) having PH. When comparing the PH group with non-PH group, the mean listing age(PH group, 50.6(6.4); non-PH group, 47.1(7.4) years; P = 0.101), median listing MELD(PH group, 12; non-PH group, 11; P = 0.422) median listing UkELD score(PH group, 48; non-PH group, 46; P = 0.344) and need for renal replacement therapy(P = 0.317) were similar. In the patients who underwent LT alone, there was no difference in the duration of ICU stay(PH, 3 d; non-PH, 2 d; P = 0.188), hospital stay length(PH, 9 d; non-PH, 10 d; P = 0.973), or frequency of renal replacement therapy(PH, 2/8; non-PH, 1/14; P = 0.121) in the immediate post-transplantation period. CONCLUSION Clinically apparent portal hypertension in patients with PCLD listed for liver transplantation does not appear to have a major impact on wait-list or peri-transplant morbidity.

关键词： Polycystic liver disease Portal hypertension Liver transplantation

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Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9314-9323页

作者： Ilaria Umbro Francesca Tinti Irene Scalera Felicity Evison bridget gunson Adnan Sharif James Ferguson Paolo Muiesan Anna Paola Mitterhofer Department of Clinical Medicine Nephrology and Dialysis B Sapienza University of Rome The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Department of Health Informatics University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit the Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of Birmingham Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham

In the past decades liver transplantation(LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease(ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death(DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease(CkD). Acute kidney injury(AkI) post-LT has been recently recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence of denovo CkD in the long-term outcome. The onset of AkI post-LT is multifactorial, with pre-LT risk factors involved, including higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, more sever ESLD and pre-existing renal dysfunction, either with intra-operative conditions, in particular ischaemia reperfusion injury responsible for post-reperfusion syndrome(PRS) that can influence recipient's morbidity and mortality. Post-reperfusion syndrome-induced AkI is an important complication post-LT that characterizes kidney involvement caused by PRS with mechanisms not clearly understood and implication on graft and patient survival. Since preLT risk factors may influence intra-operative events responsible for PRS-induced AkI, we aim to consider all the relevant aspects involved in PRS-induced AkI in the setting of LT and to identify all studies that better clarified the specific mechanisms linking PRS and AkI. A Pub Med search was conducted using the terms liver transplantation AND acute kidney injury; liver transplantation AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation. Five hundred seventy four articles were retrieved on Pub Med search. Results were limited to title/abstract of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2015. Twenty-three studies were identified that specifically evaluated incidence, risk factors and outc

关键词： Liver transplantation Acute kidney injury Post-reperfusion syndrome Donation after circulatory death Chronic kidney disease

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The Impact of Discount Rate and Price on Intertemporal Groundwater Models in Southwest kansas

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第7期9卷 745-759页

作者： Mallory k. Vestal bridget L. Guerrero Bill B. Golden Logan D. Harkey Department of Agricultural Sciences West Texas A&M University Canyon TX USA Department of Agricultural Economics Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Agriculture plays a vital role in the growth and development of the High Plains Region of the United States. With the development and adoption of irrigation technology, this region was transformed into one of the most agriculturally productive regions in the world [1]. The primary source of irrigation in this region is the Ogallala Aquifer. Currently, water from the aquifer is being used at a much faster rate than natural recharge can occur, resulting in a high rate of depletion from this finite resource. Depletion of scarce water resources will have a significant economic impact on the long-term sustainability of the region. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact alternative prices and discount rates have on groundwater policy recommendations. Deterministic models of groundwater withdrawals were developed and used in order to analyze and evaluate the impact of high, average, and low crop prices in a status quo scenario as well as a policy scenario reducing irrigated acreage allocation. Furthermore, this study analyzes the effects and associated consequences of alternative discount rates on net and total revenue. As indicated by results of this study, alternative prices, costs, and discount rates utilized in a model have an effect on policy effectiveness.

关键词： Acreage Reduction Discount Rate Irrigation Ogallala Aquifer Water Policy

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Extending the Economic Life of the Ogallala Aquifer with Water Conservation Policies in the Texas Panhandle

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第3期9卷 255-270页

作者： Lal k. Almas bridget L. Guerrero David G. Lust Hina Fatima Rachna Tewari Robert Taylor Department of Agricultural Sciences West Texas A & M University Canyon TX USA Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Agriculture Geosciences and Natural Resources The University of Tennessee at Martin Martin TN USA Institutional Research & Effectiveness Clarendon College Clarendon TX USA

The continued decline in the availability of water from the Ogallala Aquifer in the Texas Panhandle has led to an increased interest in conservation policies designed to extend the life of the aquifer and sustain rural economies. Four counties were chosen for evaluation. This study evaluates the effectiveness of five policies in terms of changes in the saturated thickness, crop mix, water use per acre, and the net present value of farm profits over a 60-year planning horizon. The dynamic optimization models were developed using GAMS for the baseline as well as one for all five of the policy alternatives for each county. Results indicate that the policy scenarios of biotechnology adoption and a water use restriction will conserve the most water among the policies analyzed. In terms of economic returns, the biotechnology adoption policy by far provides the greatest benefit to producers due to yield increases that are estimated with current annual growth rates in new seed varieties. The water use restriction policy, on the other hand, has the lowest net present value of returns, indicating that conservation is accompanied with significant costs to producers. The irrigation adoption technology scenario is the next best policy in terms of net present value of returns (following biotechnology);however, it ranks last in terms of reducing aquifer depletion. It is important to note that while the models do not perfectly predict the factors being evaluated, it is the basis for comparison between the policy scenarios which are important. These comparisons will aid policy makers in determining the most effective strategy to conserve water while simultaneously considering the economic costs to producers. In addition, the results of this study can be applied to other areas facing similar conditions, either currently or in the future, throughout the Texas Panhandle.

关键词： Groundwater Conservation Irrigated Agriculture Ogallala Aquifer Texas Panhandle Water Management Policy

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Antibacterial Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Zehneria scabra on Quails Artificially Infected with Salmonella Enteritidis

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2021年第11期9卷 387-396页

作者： Herman M.F Biekop Marc k kouam Vivian Yengeh Gabriel T kamsu bridget katte Alexis Teguia Biekop Herman Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural SciencesPO BOX 188DschangCameroon Center for Research on Filariases and other Tropical Diseases(CRFilMT) P.O.Box 5797YaoundéCameroon Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances Research Unit Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangCameroon 不详

Antimicrobial use in livestock is faced with various challenges including emergence of antimicrobial resistance and presence of drug residues in meat products,hence the need for *** aim of this work was to assess the effect a plant(Zehneria scabra)extract on Salmonella infected quails,as an alternative to antibiotic *** were randomly assigned into six groups each containing twelve *** neutral control(T0)group was not infected and received tap water whereas other groups were *** negative control(T-)received tap *** positive control(T+)received a single dose of oxytetracycline(20 mg/kg).T1,T2 andT3 orally received the plant extract at the following respective doses:9,18 and 37 mg/*** were infected by oral administration of a single dose of Salmonella Enteritidis(10^(5)CFU).Haematological and biochemical parameters were *** day 2 to day 9 to day 16,the bacterial load of all treatment groups(T+,T1,T2,T3)*** infection resulted in a significant(pkidney protein *** treatment resulted in the correction of the aforementioned *** plant extract(18 mg/kg)is as effective as oxytetracycline,and can be safely used in phytomedicine for the treatment of Salmonella Enteritidis infection without kidney and liver damage.

关键词： Zehneria scabra Salmonella Enteritidis antisalmonellal activity quails

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X射线选煤机

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选煤技术 1973年第3期 35-48页

作者： D.E.詹金斯 ,P.B高夫 ,H.G.金 ,k.W.戴金 ,李清华

概述自六十年代初,着手进行以X射线衰弱法选别煤和矸石的探讨以来,煤管局和gunson’sSortex公司就协同研制煤矿用的分选设备。文中阐述了电磁辐射穿透煤和矸石颗粒后的衰减理论,并给出了为获得不同粒级颗粒最佳分选效果而进行的波长... 详细信息

概述自六十年代初,着手进行以X射线衰弱法选别煤和矸石的探讨以来,煤管局和gunson’sSortex公司就协同研制煤矿用的分选设备。文中阐述了电磁辐射穿透煤和矸石颗粒后的衰减理论,并给出了为获得不同粒级颗粒最佳分选效果而进行的波长选择结果。

关键词：分选机大块煤曼纳米兰原煤波依斯颗粒意大利煤炭入料量射线束质量吸收系数分选设备精煤回收率页岩碎屑岩

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