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Combined influence of Ce(Ⅲ)and iodide ions for corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3 in acidic to neutral chloride-rich environments:Electrochemical and surface characterization studies

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 309-320页

作者： Mohammed A.El-Hashemy Anthony E.Hughes Thomas Gengenbach A.Matthew Glenn Ivan S.cole Chemistry Department College of ScienceJouf UniversityP.O.Box 2014SakakaAljoufSaudi Arabia Air Pollution Research Department Environmental and Climate Change Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt CSIRO Mineral Resources ClaytonVic3168Australia CSIRO Manufacturing ClaytonVic3168Australia School of Engineering RMIT UniversityCarltonVic3053Australia

It has been reported that trivalent cerium salts are effective inhibitors for corrosion of AA2024-T3 in neutral to alkaline co rrosive enviro nments,but poor in acidic *** this study,work was done for extending corrosion resistance provided by Ce(NO_(3))_(3)to acidic pHs as low as 2.5 through the addition of iodide *** this end,potentiodynamic polarization was used to ascertain the optimum Ce(Ⅲ)concentration for the inhibition of AA2024-T3 corrosion in 3.5%NaCl *** optimum concentration is found to be in a range between 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/L Ce(Ⅲ).This optimum concentration also gives a maximum width of the passive region under the pitting potential(Epit).Based on this optimization,further work was performed as a function of pH without and in the presence of 0.01 mol/L KI at five pH values(2.5,4,5,7,and 8).Without iodide the best inhibition provided by the Ce(Ⅲ)cation is at pH=7 but active corrosion is observed at pH=2.5 with an estimated inhibitor efficiency(-37.6%).The addition of iodide ions(I^(-))reverses the poor corrosion resistance whereby the inhibitor efficiency becomes 47.7%.Moreover,at pH=4 the efficiency is also increased from 54.0%to 81.0%with iodide addition providing a significant improvement over Ce(Ⅲ)cations alone under acidic *** is a synergistic effect between I-anion and Ce(Ⅲ)cation,which is determined to be 2.4 and 2.1 at pH=2.5and 4.0,*** pH=5 and 7 there is virtually no change in inhibition but at pH=8 the inhibition falls away due to a considerable amount of cerium precipitating out of solution as cerium *** protective film formed on sites in the aluminium alloy surface at different pH values was examined by both scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the role of these ions as a function of pH in surface *** is proposed that at pH=2.5 protection is provided by a bilayer adsorption of iodide with"cap

关键词： Aluminium alloy Cerium(Ⅲ)salt Potassium iodide Corrosion inhibitor XPS Rare earths

Design　Issues　for　Use　of　Solid　State　Transmitter　Radars　in　the　Terminal　Airspace

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1995年第1期6卷 57-64页

作者： E. Lee cole & Lawrence J. Friz(Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Baltimore, MD, USA) Westinghouse Electric Corporation Baltimore MD USA

Abstract

关键词： Design Use Issues Airspace

Rail temperature variation under heavy haul operations

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Railway Engineering Science 2022年第2期30卷 148-161页

作者： Chris Bosomworth Maksym Spiryagin Sanath Alahakoon Colin cole Ben Sneath Bruce Makin Centre for Railway Engineering Central Queensland UniversityRockhampton 4702Australia Australasian Centre for Rail Innovation Canberra 2601Australia ARC Infrastructure Perth 6105Australia

There currently does not exist in industry a reliable method for the detection of rail foot *** their head-based counterparts,foot flaws result in broken rail with potentially catastrophic consequences.A proposed area of research for the detection of these flaws is thermography,a non-contact method of measuring and analysing infrared emissions from an object under *** industry,active excitation thermography is the most common,requiring an excitation *** paper will present a temperature measurement system and a method of transient temperature extraction from the running rails for the effects of a passing train to evaluate heat transfer in the practical rail *** outcomes of these results will provide future direction in the development of a rail heat transfer model and determine if train passage provides enough active excitation for a thermography-based detection technique.

关键词： Rail heat transfer Rail foot flaws Field temperature measurement Transient temperature extraction

The Lost and the Found:Memories of Donald ***

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Earthquake Science 2022年第1期35卷 51-53页

作者： brian Savage University of Rhode Island KingstonRI02879USA

My first exposure to Don Helmberger’s work was during a seismology class in my 2nd year in college where several students,including myself,were to present on Grand and Helmberger(1984).It was over my head,but seeing the beauty of the seismograms,tracking the upper mantle triplication,and what it revealed about the Earth was just *** my time as an undergraduate at Berkeley,I also digitized(Dreger and Savage,1999)and forward modeled seismic data under the advisement of *** Dreger(a Helmberger student)for about two years,had an academic advisor who went to Caltech(*** Richards)and took a couple of courses from *** Johnson(Don's friend from Minnesota).Little did I know the path I needed to take was already laid out-I just had to follow it.

关键词： mantle Berkeley Grand

When Interfaces Interfere:Crashlands,Cancer,and Embodied Gaming

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2019年第2期3卷 33-40页

作者： brian Reed University of Washington

In Gameworld Interfaces,Kristine Jørgensen maintains that the best interfaces provide an optimal amount of useful information about a gameworld without becoming *** games are,however,complex objects,and sometimes they serve purposes other than entertaining users through facilitating immersive *** can,for instance,promote educational and aesthetic ends that are not inhibited but advanced by making an interface the focus of player *** essay offers one example of a game that cannot be fully appreciated by prioritizing efficient interface *** Coster first conceived the broad outlines of Butterscotch Shenanigans’s Crashlands after being diagnosed with stage four *** game,as finally released,is partially a statement about and in response to“all the bone pain,chemo nausea,anxiety,depression,stab wounds,tape rips and hair loss”that he *** specifically,by occasionally and obstructively spotlighting the physical,fleshly contact between a player,a screen,and an imagined landscape,it explores the problem of embodiment in video *** teaches the phenomenological lesson that a body’s boundaries are not so easily *** the philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty would put it,players’“flesh”necessarily provides the medium through which they gain access to and inhabit a *** other words,you take your body with you,sick or healthy,even when voyaging to another planet.

关键词： video game studies interface medicine embodiment phenomenology

Advances in Home Photo Printing

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仪器仪表学报 2004年第S3期 116-120页

作者： brian Atkins Hewlett-Packard Laboratories CA 94304 USA Palo Alto

With digital camera adoptions going main stream, consumers capture a record number of photos. Currently, the majority of the digital photos are printed at home. One of the key enablers of this transformation is the advancement of home photo printing technologies. In the past few years, inkjet printing technologies have continued to deliver smaller drop size, larger number of inks, and longer-lasting prints. In the mean time, advanced image processing automatically enhances captured digital photos while being printed. The combination of the above two forces has closed the gap between the home photo prints and AgX prints. It will give an overview of the home photo printing market and technology trends, and discuss major advancements in automatic image processing.

关键词： Image processing Printing Automatic enhancement

Penile revascularization--contemporary update

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 5-9页

作者： brian Dicks Martin Bastuba Irwin Goldstein rwin Goldstein 1San Diego Sexual Medicine San Diego CA 92120 USA Male Fertility Sexual Medicine Specialists San Diego CA 92120 USA

Contemporary therapies for erectile dysfunction are generally targeted towards older men and universally engage pharmacological and/ or device related treatment options. Penile revascularization, using microvascular arterial bypass surgical techniques, is a non-pharmacological, non-device-related, and reconstructive surgical strategy for men with erectile dysfunction that was first described by Dr Vaclav Michal in 1973.

关键词： erectile dysfunction microvascular arterial bypass surgery penile revascularization traumatic arterial occlusive disease vascular reconstructive surgery

The Difficult Path from Perception to Precautionary Action-Participatory Modeling as a Practical Tool to Overcome the Risk Perception Paradox in Flood Preparedness

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 472-485页

作者： Gisela Wachinger Patrick Keilholz Coral O’brian DIALOGIK GmbH 70176 StuttgartGermany DHI WASY GmbH 81671 MunichGermany

The risk perception paradox illustrates the perception of natural hazards as not directly related to a willingness to act or engage in precautionary behavior. Yet the utilization of participatory processes can help to overcome this gap. In a practical example in the watershed of the Danube River and its contributing streams in Germany,we aimed to solve questions about the value of participatory modeling as a method to bridge the gap linked to flood polder planning and a relocation of a dike for protection against high floods(centennial floods and rarer). Local communities, citizen initiatives, and nongovernmental environmental organizations joined together for round table discussions initiated by the water management authorities. A participatory modeling process enabled these diverse stakeholders to engage with the experts who built the groundwater models for the planning process. As part of this study, two case studies are presented. In the first example, neutral mediators assisted the round table ‘‘Flood Polder Katzau(Danube)'' in order to cultivate mutual trust and understanding between the authorities and the former opponents of the project. This process is still ongoing,challenged by long-term planning and the more immediate obstacle of current political changes. The second case studyis located on the river Alz, a tributary of the river Inn,which flows into the Danube, where the relocation of a dike was planned. This article demonstrates how participatory modeling contributes to bridging the gap between a local resident's risk perception and real action in the case of flood preparedness.

关键词： Bavaria Flood hazard Flood perception Flood risk Germany Participatory modeling Precautionary action

Solvent Extraction Developments in Southern Africa

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 153-159页

作者： Peter M. cole Kathryn C. Sole Angus M. Feather Matomo Projects (Pty) Ltd. Johannesburg South Africa Anglo American Research Laboratories Johannesburg South Africa Cognis Corporation Johannesburg South Africa

The largest solvent-extraction plant in the world at the time, the Nchanga Copper Operation, was in Zambia. The first commercial process using solvent extraction for the refining of the platinum-group metals was in South Africa. More recently, the Southern African region has seen the implementation of solvent extraction for other base metals, precious metals, and specialty metals. These include the world firsts of primary production of zinc at Skorpion Zinc in Namibia and the large-scale refining of gold by Harmony Gold in South Africa. Several other flowsheets that use solvent-extraction technology are currently under commissioning, development, or feasibility study for implementation in this part of the world, including those for the recovery of copper, cobalt, nickel, tantalum, and niobium.

关键词： solvent extraction zinc recovery gold refining copper cobalt nickel