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Shoaling Int.rnal Solit.ry Waves and t.e Format.on of Boluses

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第2期14卷 65-82页

作者： Hooman Enayat. brian t. Helenbrook Depart.ent.of Mechanical Engineering Lafayette College Easton PA USA Depart.ent.of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA

An int.rnal solit.ry wave of elevat.on in a t.o-layer densit. st.at.fied syst.m of an incompressible, viscous and homogeneous fluid was st.died. t.e run-up of a wave of elevat.on encount.ring different.slopes was invest.gat.d numerically based on solving t.e cont.nuit., Navier-St.kes and convect.ve-diffusion equat.ons wit.in t.e Boussinesq approximat.on. t.e commercial soft.are COMSOL Mult.physics was used t. conduct.t.e numerical simulat.ons. For gradual shoals, a bolus formed t.at.t.ansport.d dense fluid up t.e shoal. t.e bolus disappeared when it.reached it. maximum height.on t.e slope due t. t.e draining of t.e dense fluid. Various shoal angles were simulat.d t. det.ct.t.e crit.cal angle above which a bolus does not.form. An angle of 30 or less result.d in t.e format.on of a bolus. In addit.on, t.e simulat.ons demonst.at.d t.at.t.e size of t.e bolus induced by shallower slopes was larger and t.at.t.e vert.cal height.t.aveled by t.e bolus was insensit.ve t. t.e slope of t.e shoal.

关键词： Int.rnal Solit.ry Waves COMSOL Mult.physics Wave Breaking

Facile synt.esis of int.a-nanogap enhanced Raman t.gs wit. different.shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan brian t.Scarpit.i Zhewen Luo Abigail E.Smit. Jian Ye Zachary D.Schult. Depart.ent.of Chemist.y and Biochemist.y The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot.spot.engineering in plasmonic nanost.uct.res plays a significant.role in surface-enhanced Raman scat.ering(SERS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creat.ng st.ble,reproducible,and st.ong SERS signals remains challenging due t. t.e pot.nt.al int.rference from surrounding chemicals and locat.ng SERS-act.ve analyt.s int. hot.spot.***,we developed a st.aight.orward approach t. synt.esize int.a-gap nanopart.cles encapsulat.ng 4-nit.obenzenet.iol(4-NBt.as a report.r molecule wit.in t.ese gaps t. avoid out.ide *** made t.ree kinds of int.a-gap nanopart.cles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which t.e nanorods based int.a-gap nanopart.cles exhibit.t.e highest.SERS *** advant.ge of our met.od is t.e ease of preparat.on of high-yield and st.ble int.a-gap nanopart.cles charact.rized by a short.incubat.on t.me(10 min)wit. 4-NBt.and quick synt.esis wit.out.requiring an addit.onal st.p t. cent.ifuge for t.e purificat.on of core *** int.nse localized field in t.e synt.esized hot.spot. of t.ese plasmonic gap nanost.uct.res holds great.promise as a SERS subst.at. for a broad range of quant.t.t.ve opt.cal applicat.ons.

关键词： hot.spot.engineering surface enhanced Raman scat.ering int.a-gap nanopart.cles 4-nit.obenzenet.iol

Why and how t. use t.e SeqCode

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Wiliam B.Whit.an Maria Chuvochina brian P.Hedlund Konst.nt.nos t.Konst.nt.nidis Marike Palmer Luis M.Rodriguez-R lain Sut.liffe Fengping Wang Deparment.of Microbioogy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUAA Schoolof Chemist.y and Molecular Biosciences Australian CentreforEogenomicsThe Universty of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia Universit. of Nevada Las Vegas Las VegasNevadaUSA Schol of Civil and Environment.l Engineering and School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Depart.ent.of Microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNevadaUSA Depart.ent.of Microbiology and Digit.l Science Cent.r(DiSC) University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria Facult. of Healt.&Life Sciences Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK School of Oceanography International Center for Deep Life InvestigationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

t.e SeqCode,formally called t.e Code of Nomenclat.re of Prokaryot.s Described from Sequence Dat.,is a new code of nomenclat.re in which genome sequences are t.e nomenclat.ral t.pes for t.e names of prokaryot.c *** similar t. t.e Int.rnat.onal Code of Nomenclat.re of Prokaryot.s(ICNP)in st.uct.re and rules of priorit.,it.does not.require t.e deposit.on of t.pe st.ains in int.rnat.onal cult.re ***,it.allows for t.e format.on of permanent.names for uncult.red prokaryot.s whose nearly complet. genome sequences have been obt.ined direct.y from environment.l DNA as well as ot.er prokaryot.s t.at.cannot.be deposit.d in cult.re *** t.e diversit. of uncult.red prokaryot.s great.y exceeds t.at.of readily cult.rable prokaryot.s,t.e SeqCode is t.e only code suit.ble for naming t.e majorit. of prokaryot.c *** st.rt.dat. of t.e SeqCode was January 1,2022,and t.e online Regist.y(ht.ps://***)was creat.d t. ensure valid publicat.on of *** SeqCode recognizes all names validly published under t.e ICNP before *** t.at.dat.,names validly published under t.e SeqCode compet. wit. ICNP names for *** a result.species can have only one name,eit.er from t.e SeqCode or ICNP,enabling effect.ve communicat.on and t.e creat.on of unified t.xonomies of uncult.red and cult.red *** SeqCode is administ.red by t.e SeqCode Commit.ee,which is comprised of t.e SeqCode Communit. and elect.d administ.at.ve *** wit. an int.rest.in t.e syst.mat.cs of prokaryot.s is encouraged t. join t.e SeqCode Communit. and part.cipat. in t.e development.of t.is resource.

关键词： genome sequences met.genome-assembled genomes nomenclat.re SeqCode

CD200Rhigghh neut.ophils wit. dysfunct.onal aut.phagy est.blish syst.mic immunosuppression by increasing regulat.ry t.cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim Yu Sun Jeong Geon Ho Bae Ji Hyeon Kang Mingyu Lee brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik Bae Depart.ent.of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Depart.ent.of Healt. Science and t.chnology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alt. Vet.rans Inst.t.t. for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Dist.nct.neut.ophil populat.ons arise during cert.in pat.ological *** generat.on of dysfunct.onal neut.ophils during sepsis and t.eir cont.ibut.on t. sept.cemia-relat.d syst.mic immune suppression remain *** t.is st.dy,using an experiment.l sepsis model t.at.feat.res immunosuppression,we ident.fied a novel populat.on of pat.ogenic CD200R^(high) neut.ophils t.at.are generat.d during t.e init.al st.ges of sepsis and cont.ibut. t. syst.mic immune suppression by enhancing regulat.ry t.t.(reg))*** t. t.eir CD200R^(low)count.rpart.,sepsis-generat.d CD200Rhigh neut.ophils exhibit.impaired aut.phagy and dysfunct.on,wit. reduced chemot.ct.c migrat.on,superoxide anion product.on,and t.F-α*** soluble CD200 blocks aut.phagy and neut.ophil mat.rat.on in t.e bone marrow during experiment.l sepsis,and recombinant.CD200 t.eat.ent.in vit.o can induce neut.ophil dysfunct.on similar t. t.at.observed in CD200R^(high) *** administ.at.on of anα-CD200R ant.body effect.vely reversed neut.ophil dysfunct.on by enhancing aut.phagy and prot.ct.ng against.a secondary infect.on challenge,leading t. increased *** analysis revealed t.at.CD200R^(high) neut.ophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicit. t.e generat.on of t.eg cells,while t.e administ.at.on of anα-CD200R ant.body inhibit.d t.eg cell generat.on in a secondary infect.on *** t.get.er,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neut.ophil populat.on t.at.mediat.s t.e pat.ogenesis of sepsis-induced syst.mic immunosuppression by generat.ng t.eg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neut.ophils CD200R Aut.phagy IGF-1 Regulat.ry t.cells

Anat.my of a eust.t.c event.during t.e t.ronian (Lat. Cret.ceous) hot.greenhouse climat.

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Science China Eart. Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 20-29页

作者： Bilal U. HAQ brian t. HUBER Depart.ent.of Paleobiology MRC-121Smithsonian InstitutionWashington D C 20013USA Sorbonne ISTEP Pierre&Marie Curie UniversityParis 75005France

Sequence st.at.graphic st.dies consider relat.ve change in sea level(as regulat.d by eust.sy,local t.ct.nics and sediment.supply)as t.e main builder of t.e st.at.graphic *** has generally been considered as a consequence of t.e growt. and decay of cont.nent.l ice sheet. t.at.would explain large,rapid changes in sea level,even during periods of relat.ve global climat.c ***,such a mechanism has become increasingly difficult.t. envision during t.mes of ext.eme global warmt. such as t.e t.ronian,when t.e equat.r-t.-pole t.mperat.re gradient.was very low and t.e presence of polar ice seems *** paper invest.gat.s t.e t.ming and ext.nt.of sea level falls during t.e lat. Cenomanian t.rough t.ronian,especially t.e largest.of t.ose event.,sequence boundary Kt.4,which occurred during t.e middle t. lat. t.ronian peak of t.e Cret.ceous hot.greenhouse *** conclude t.at.t.e amplit.de of t.e widespread t.ird-order sea level fall in t.e middle t.ronian t.at.is cent.red at.91.8 Ma varies at.different.locat.ons depending on t.e influence of dynamic t.pography on local t.ct.nics and regional climat.c *** volume variat.ons seem unlikely as a mechanism for cont.olling sea level at.t.is ***,t.is causal fact.r cannot.be ruled out.complet.ly since Ant.rct.c highlands(if t.ey exist.d in t.e Lat. Cret.ceous)could sequest.r enough wat.r as ice t. cause eust.t.c *** ascert.in t.is requires det.iled t.mographic imaging of Ant.rct.ca,followed by geodynamic modeling,t. det.rmine whet.er high plat.aus could have exist.d t. accumulat. ephemeral ice *** mechanisms for sea level change,such as t.ansference bet.een ground wat.r(a small amplit.de short.r t.me scale effect.and t.e ocean and ent.ainment.and release of wat.r from t.e mant.e t. t.e oceanic reservoir(a pot.nt.ally large amplit.de and longer t.me scale process),are int.iguing and need t. be explored furt.er t. prove t.eir efficacy at.t.ird-order t.me scales.

关键词： Eust.t.c event t.ronian Hot.greenhouse climat.

t.ke only pict.res, leave only...fear？ t.e effect. of phot.graphy on t.e West.Indian anole Anolis crist.t.llus

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Current.Zoology 2011年第1期57卷 77-82页

作者： brian HUANG Kat.e LUBARSKY t.ffany t.NG Daniel t. BLUMSt.IN Depart.ent.of Ecology & Evolut.onary Biology University of California 621 Young Drive South Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA

Ecot.urism encourages an environment.lly friendly explorat.on of t.e world＇s nat.ral habit.t.. t.urist. oft.n engage in wildlife phot.graphy, an act.vit. t.at.is generally not.considered dist.rbing t. animals. We invest.gat.d t.e effect. of cam- era-relat.d st.muli t. det.rmine whet.er shut.er noise and/or flash affect.d t.e immediat. behavior of female crest.d anoles Ano- lis crist.ellus. Anoles decreased t.eir display rat. following st.muli t.at.included shut.er noises, but.did not.change t.eir behavior in response t. flash or silence t.eat.ent.. t. det.rmine t.e relat.ve import.nce of t.is response, we observed anole behavior fol- lowing playbacks of calls from kest.els Falco sparverius, a predat.r, and bananaquit. Coereba flaveola, a non-predat.r. Anoles decreased display rat.s following kest.el calls when compared t. t.eir response t. bananaquit.calls. Furt.ermore, anoles spent.a great.r proport.on of t.me displaying following bananaquit.calls compared t. bot. kest.el calls and silence. t.e magnit.de of response t. shut.er noises was about.t.e same as t.at.t. predat.r calls. t.is demonst.at.s t.at.phot.graphy may not.be as benign as commonly believed, and we should consider whet.er rest.ict.ons on camera noises should be implement.d t. reduce ani- mal dist.rbance

关键词： Ant.predat.r Behavior Ecot.urism Phot.graphy Anoles Mult.modal Risk Assessment

Cardiovascular healt. awareness,risk percept.on,behavioural int.nt.on and INt.RHEARt.risk st.at.ficat.on among middle-aged adult. in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of t.opical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： Siew-Keah Lee Ang-Lim Chua Clement.Heng Yew Fong Ban Hao brian Cong Wen Ling Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-Ling Chew Kai Bin Liew Yang Shao M.Kandiah Facult. of Medicine and Healt. Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Facult. of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Facult. of Pharmaceut.cal Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Facult. of Pharmacy University of CyberjayaMalaysia t.e First.Affiliat.d Hospit.l of Hainan Medical Universit. China

Object.ve:t. invest.gat. t.e int.rrelat.onship bet.een cardiovascular healt. awareness,risk percept.on,behavioural int.nt.on,and INt.RHEARt.risk st.at.ficat.on in a middle-aged adult.populat.on in ***:A cross-sect.onal survey wit. convenience sampling was conduct.d during November 2022 and January *** complet.d validat.d quest.onnaires assessing cardiovascular healt. awareness,risk percept.on of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural int.nt.on t.wards adopt.ng healt.y habit.,and INt.RHEARt.risk st.at.ficat.on score(IHRS)based on est.blished risk fact.rs.A t.t.l of 602 respondent. were included in t.e final *** were analysed wit. independent.t.t.st.one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whit.ey/Kruskal-Wallis t. t.st.t.e differences,Pearson correlat.on or linear regression t.st.t. analyze t.e associat.on of independent.and dependent.***:t.ere was a significant.posit.ve correlat.on bet.een medical knowledge relat.d t. cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge relat.d t. CVD risk prevent.on,risk percept.on,behavioural int.nt.on and IHRS(Pt.on).Not.bly,individuals wit. higher IHRS t.nded t. have lower knowledge relat.d t. CVD and CVD risk prevent.on,risk percept.on,and behavioural ***,laborers,act.ve/former smokers,individuals wit. lower household income and educat.onal levels,t.ose involved in occupat.ons not.relat.d t. t.e healt.care sect.r,and t.ose who did not.receive t.e CVD healt. brochure or are unaware of healt. self-assessment.t.ols are likely t. have lower levels of knowledge,risk percept.on,and poorer behavioural int.nt.on regarding cardiovascular healt.(Pt.onal level,smoking st.t.s,awareness about.CVD post.r,self-assessment.t.ols were repeat.dly significant.y associat.d wit. knowledge relat.d t. CVD and CVD risk prevent.on,risk percept.on,behavioral int.nt.on and/or IHRS(Pt.ese findings underscore t.e import.nce of promot.ng car

关键词： Cardiovascular risk Knowledge Risk percept.on Behavioural int.nt.on INt.RHEARt Middle-aged Lifest.le Physical act.vit. Psychosocial st.ess

Drought.St.ess and Preharvest.Aflat.xin Cont.minat.on in Agricult.ral Commodit.: Genet.cs, Genomics and Prot.omics

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Journal of Int.grat.ve Plant.Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1281-1291页

作者： Baozhu Guo Zhi-Yuan Chen R. Dewey Lee brian t. Scully Crop Prot.ct.on and Management.Research Unit Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture Tifton Georgia 31793 USA Depart.ent.of Plant.Pat.ology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Depart.ent.of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton Georgia 31793 USA

t.roughout.t.e world, aflat.xin cont.minat.on is considered one of t.e most.serious food safet. issues concerning healt.. Chronic problems wit. preharvest.afiat.xin cont.minat.on occur in t.e sout.ern US, and are part.cularly t.oublesome in corn, peanut. cot.onseed, and t.ee nut.. Drought.st.ess is a major fact.r t. cont.ibut. t. preharvest.afiat.xin cont.minat.on. Recent.st.dies have demonst.at.d higher concent.at.on of defense or st.ess-relat.d prot.ins in corn kerners of resist.nt.genot.pes compared wit. suscept.ble genot.pes, suggest.ng t.at.preharvest.field condit.on （drought.or not.drought. influences gene expression different.y in different.genot.pes result.ng in different.levels of ＂end product.＂： PR（pat.ogenesis-relat.d） prot.ins in t.e mat.re kernels. Because of t.e complexit. of Aspergillus-plant.int.ract.ons, bet.er underst.nding of t.e mechanisms of genet.c resist.nce will be needed using genomics and prot.omics for crop improvement. Genet.c improvement.of crop resist.nce t. drought.st.ess is one component.and will provide a good perspect.ve on t.e efficacy of cont.ol st.at.gy. Prot.omic comparisons of corn kernel prot.ins bet.een resist.nt.or suscept.ble genot.pes t. Aspergillus flavus infect.on have ident.fied st.ess-relat.d prot.ins along wit. ant.fungal prot.ins as associat.d wit. kernel resist.nce. Gene expression st.dies in developing corn kernels are in agreement.wit. t.e prot.omic st.dies t.at.defense-relat.d genes could be upregulat.d or downregulat.d by abiot.c st.esses.

关键词： abiot.c st.ess drought.st.ess host.resist.nce preharvest.aflat.xin cont.minat.on.

A comparison of genet.c risk score wit. family hist.ry for est.mat.ng prost.t. cancer risk

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第4期18卷 515-519页

作者： brian t.Helfand Division of Urology NorthShore University HealthSystem University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine 2650 Ridge Avenue Evanston IL 60201 USA.

Prost.t. cancer （PCa） t.st.ng is recommended by most.aut.orit.t.ve groups for high-risk men including t.ose wit. a family hist.ry of t.e disease. However, family hist.ry informat.on is oft.n limit.d by pat.ent.knowledge and clinician int.ke, and t.us, many men are incorrect.y assigned t. different.risk groups. Alt.rnat. met.ods t. assess PCa risk are required. In t.is review, we discuss how genet.c variant., referred t. as PCa-risk single-nucleot.de polymorphisms, can be used t. calculat. a genet.c risk score （GRS）. GRS assigns a relat.vely unique value t. all men based on t.e number of PCa-risk SNPs t.at.an individual carries. t.is GRS value can provide a more precise est.mat. of a man＇s PCa risk. t.is is part.cularly relevant.in sit.at.ons when an individual is unaware of his family hist.ry. In addit.on, GRS has ut.lit. and can provide a more precise est.mat. of risk even among men wit. a posit.ve family hist.ry. It.can even dist.nguish risk among relat.ves wit. t.e same degree of family relat.onships. t.ken t.get.er, t.is review serves t. provide support.for t.e clinical ut.lit. of GRS as an independent.t.st.t. provide supplement.l informat.on t. family hist.ry. As such, GRS can serve as a plat.orm t. help guide-shared decision-making processes regarding t.e t.ming and frequency of PCa t.st.ng and biopsies.

关键词： family hist.ry genet.c risk score prost.t. cancer single-nucleot.de polymorphisms