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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu somasundaram Andrew Maher sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu brian MBesch Natarajan Aravindan Department of Radiation Oncology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Department of Pathology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biology Laboratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neuroblastomas(pNBs)that defy current intensive multimodal clinical therapy(IMCT)are a significant contributor to overall childhood cancer deaths[l].Neuroblastomas(NBs)that survive first-line IMCT actively evolve to acquire genetic and molecular rearrangements and display unparalleled plasticity and evolution,which causes frequent relapses in a rapidly accelerating timeline[2-4].

关键词： neuroblastoma clinical evolve

How to establish an endoscopic bariatric practice

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 178-186页

作者： Daniel B Maselli Lauren L Donnangelo brian Coan Christopher e McGowan Clinical Research True You Weight LossAtlantaGA 30342United States Clinical Research True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States

Obesity is a chronic,progressive,and relapsing disease of excess adiposity that contributes to more than two hundred medical conditions and is projected to affect more than half the adult population of the United states by the year *** the limited penetrance of traditional bariatric surgery,as well as the cost and adherence barriers to anti-obesity medications,there is growing interest in the rapidly evolving field of endoscopic bariatric therapies(eBTs).eBTs are minimally invasive,same-day,per-oral endoscopic procedures and include endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,intragastric balloons,and endoscopic bariatric revisional *** field represents an exciting and innovative subspe-cialty within ***,building a successful endoscopic bariatric practice requires intentional,coordinated,and sustained efforts to overcome the numerous obstacles to *** barriers include acquisition of the technical and cognitive skillset,practice limitations including the availability of nutrition counseling,facility capabilities,direct-to-consumer marketing,and financial pressures such as facility and anesthesia *** the highest-volume center for metabolic and bariatric endoscopy in the United states,we provide insights into successfully establishing an endoscopic bariatric program.

关键词： Obesity endoscopic bariatric therapies Bariatric endoscopy endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Intragastric balloon Practice management

Fetal Head Compression: Its Possible Role in Neurologic Injury

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 124-143页

作者： Barry s. schifrin brian J. Koos Wayne R. Cohen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Western University of Health Sciences Pomona USA The David Geffen school of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles USA The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson USA

It is widely assumed that fetal ischemic brain injury during labor derives almost exclusively from severe, systemic hypoxemia with marked neonatal depression and acidemia. severe asphyxia, however, is one of several causes of perinatal neurological injury and may not be the most common;most neonates diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy do not have evidence of severe asphyxia. sepsis, direct brain trauma, and drug or toxin exposure account for some cases, while mechanical forces of labor and delivery that increase fetal intracranial pressure sufficiently to impair brain perfusion may also contribute. Because of bony compliance and mobile suture lines, the fetal skull changes shape and redistributes cerebrospinal fluid during labor according to constraints imposed by contractions, and bony and soft tissue elements of the birth canal as the head descends. These accommodations, including the increase in intracranial pressure, are adaptive and necessary for efficient descent of the head while safeguarding cerebral blood flow. Autonomic reflexes mediated through central receptors normally provide ample protection of the brain from the considerable pressure exerted on the skull. On occasion, those forces, which are transmitted intracranially, may overcome the various adaptive anatomical, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological mechanisms that maintain cerebral perfusion and oxygen availability, resulting in ischemic brain injury. Accepting the notion of a potentially adverse impact of fetal head compression suggests that avoidance of excessive uterine activity and of relentless pushing without steady progress in descent may offer protection for the fetal brain during parturition. excessive head compression should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ischemic encephalopathy.

关键词： Fetal Brain Injury Fetal Head Compression Ischemic encephalopathy Neonatal encephalopathy

estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung brian M.Walsh David sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick s.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura Michael Collier space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and space Administration(NAsA)Goddard space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LeXI)and solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link explorer(sMILe)missions will image the earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(Rs)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is *** assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus Rsis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we calculate Rs and its accuracy for different LeXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground *** method estimates Rs with an accuracy ofe when the solar wind density exceeds>10 *** accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic *** method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LeXI sMILe

CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish systemic immunosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye seon Kim Yu sun Jeong Geon Ho Bae Ji Hyeon Kang Mingyu Lee brian A.Zabel Yoe-sik Bae Department of Biological sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Health science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicemia-related systemic immune suppression remain *** this study,using an experimental sepsis model that features immunosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to systemic immune suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit impaired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chemotactic migration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow during experimental sepsis,and recombinant CD200 treatment in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction similar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** administration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the administration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that mediates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced systemic immunosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

Microbiome subsets determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma:a multi-center integrated analysis of microbiome,metabolome,and transcriptome data

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 399-402页

作者： Wenjin Chen Xiuwu Pan Wang Zhou Da Xu Jiaxin Chen Keqin Dong Weijie Chen brian Rini Xingang Cui Department of Urology Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200092China Department of Urology Third Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai201805China Division of Hematology Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN37232USA

Dear editor,Patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)potentially have a high recurrence rate of more than 40%[1].Patients receive radical or partial nephrectomy,sometimes assisted by targeted therapies or/and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),to improve overall survival(Os)[2].Large-cohort studies and large-scale human tissue sequencing have provided a series of molecular subtyping methods for precision medicine-based ccRCC risk stratification and therapeutic regimens,such as ClearCode34,the prognostic risk predictor[3],and seven subsets for ICI and angiogenesis blockade outcomes[4].However,these subtyping results are all based on human genomes without including the host microbiota,which may be non-negligible genome components.

关键词： editor negligible characteristics

shoaling Internal solitary Waves and the Formation of Boluses

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第2期14卷 65-82页

作者： Hooman enayati brian T. Helenbrook Department of Mechanical engineering Lafayette College Easton PA USA Department of Mechanical & Aerospace engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA

An internal solitary wave of elevation in a two-layer density stratified system of an incompressible, viscous and homogeneous fluid was studied. The run-up of a wave of elevation encountering different slopes was investigated numerically based on solving the continuity, Navier-stokes and convective-diffusion equations within the Boussinesq approximation. The commercial software COMsOL Multiphysics was used to conduct the numerical simulations. For gradual shoals, a bolus formed that transported dense fluid up the shoal. The bolus disappeared when it reached its maximum height on the slope due to the draining of the dense fluid. Various shoal angles were simulated to detect the critical angle above which a bolus does not form. An angle of 30 or less resulted in the formation of a bolus. In addition, the simulations demonstrated that the size of the bolus induced by shallower slopes was larger and that the vertical height traveled by the bolus was insensitive to the slope of the shoal.

关键词： Internal solitary Waves COMsOL Multiphysics Wave Breaking

efficiency of Botanical and Chemical Pesticides on the Control of Field Insect Pests under Cowpea Production

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第3期15卷 203-221页

作者： John ssengo brian Zebosi Jeninah Karungi Department of Plant Pathology Entomology and Microbiology Iowa State University Ames IA USA Department of Agricultural Production Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA

The pulse cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] holds a significant agricultural position in Uganda, ranking fourth among legume crops, following common beans, groundnuts, and soybeans. Known for its versatility, cowpeas are consumable at various developmental stages, from early seedling to maturity. However, the crop faces persistent pest challenges at each stage, leading to substantial yield losses. In Uganda, chemical insecticides are the primary pest control means, but their increased and excessive use raises environmental, health, and economic concerns. This has prompted a quest for alternative and sustainable solutions, prompting an exploration of botanical insecticides. This study, conducted at Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute (MUARIK), aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three selected botanical insecticides versus four established chemical insecticides for managing cowpea insect pests under field conditions. The treatments included: Carbofuran, Cypermethrin 10% eC, Dimethoate, Pestwin, Pyrethrum ewc , Pyrethrum 5ew, Profenofos 40% Cypermethrin 4% eC mix, and Untreated, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The significant pests studied were aphids, thrips, pod-sucking bugs, and legume pod borer. Results indicated substantial impacts of the treatments on pest infestation, with Profenofos 40% Cypermethrin 4% eC being the most effective against most pests. The plant parameter, plant height, was significantly affected by treatments in 2016B, while the number of pods was impacted in 2017A. Pestwin, a botanical insecticide blend (containing Azadirachtin indica, Pongamia pinnata, and Ricinus communis extracts) demonstrated superior efficacy against cowpea aphids. Moreover, it positively influenced plant height, number of pods, and pod biomass, surpassing many chemical insecticides. Pestwin’s environmental friendliness positions it as a potential contributor to reducing environmental pollution, making it a prom

关键词： Cowpea Pest Management Botanical solutions Profenofos sustainability

Areal Roughness of the Dorsal Nail Plate

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第1期7卷 27-34页

作者： brian Lee Beatty edward Li Adaeze Anaekwe Anatomy Department NYIT College of Osteopathic MedicineOld WestburyNY 11568USA United states National Museum Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDC 20560USA Division of Paleobiology Friends AcademyLocust ValleyNY 11560USA

Objective:Beau lines,onychorrhexis,and psoriatic lesions of the dorsal nail plate may be missed by photographic methods,indicating a need for surface texture measurement methods that are more quantitative,sensitive,and repeatable than visual inspection or *** conducted this study to evaluate the utility of surface texture measurements of cadaveric nails that can be associated with histopathological studies in the ***:The nail plates of 4 cadaveric right pollices and halluces were cleaned and molded,cast in clear epoxy,and scanned with a sensofar s Neox optical profilometer.A one-way analysis of variance was performed to determine statistical significance of ***:Almost no differences were observed between the pollex and hallux scans and between the distal and proximal *** greatest differences were found between *** lower magnification(5×)is less sensitive than higher magnification(20×),the lower magnification represented and characterized more of the dorsal nail ***:The dorsal nail plate areal roughness has a measurable range of values that may serve as a starting point for evaluating pathological findings,particularly Beau lines and psoriatic *** sensitivity of these techniques may be especially valuable in the recognition of less severe states of these diseases that may enable the diagnosis of earlier stages of growth disruptions(Beau lines)or *** applications could be especially useful in investigations of the health of wildlife populations or vulnerable human populations with incomplete treatment records.

关键词： nail plate surface metrology areal roughness

Advancements in endoscopic hemostasis for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 376-384页

作者： Xue Jing Li brian M Fung Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Banner-University Medical Center PhoenixPhoenixAZ 85006United States

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding is a significant cause of morbidity and ***,through-the-scope(TTs)clips,thermal therapy,and injection therapies are used to treat GI *** this review,we provide an overview of novel endoscopic treatments that can be used to achieve ***,we discuss the efficacy and applicability of over-thescope clips,hemostatic agents,TTs doppler ultrasound,and endoscopic ultrasound,each of which offer an effective method of reducing rates of GI rebleeding.

关键词： Doppler probe endoscopic ultrasound endoscopy techniques Gastrointestinal bleeding Hemospray Hemostasis Hemostatic agents Over-the-scope clips Ovesco