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Eosinophilic esophagitis: A newly established cause of dysphagia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2328-2334页

作者： brian m.yan Eldon A Shaffer Division of Gastroenterology Department of medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada

Eosinophilic esophagitis has rapidly become a recognized entity causing dysphagia in young adults. This review summarizes the current knowledge of eosinophilic esophagitis including the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis. An extensive search of Pubmed/medline （1966-December 2005） for available English literature in humans for eosinophilic esophagitis was completed. Appropriate articles listed in the bibliographies were also attained. The estimated incidence is 43/10s in children and 2.5/10s in adults. Clinically, patients have a long history of intermittent solid food dysphagia or food impaction. Some have a history of atopy. Subtle endoscopic features may be easily overlooked, including a ＂feline＂ or corrugated esophagus with fine rings, a diffusely narrowed esophagus that may have proximal strictures, the presence of linear furrows, adherent white plaques, or a friable （crepe paper） mucosa, prone to tearing with minimal contact. Although no pathologic consensus has been established, a histologic diagnosis is critical. The accepted criteria are a dense eosinophilic infiltrate （〉20/high power field） within the superficial esophageal mucosa. In contrast, the esophagitis associated with acid reflux disease can also possess eosinophils but they are fewer in number. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment options may include specific food avoidance, topical corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids, leukotriene inhibitors, or biologic treatment. The long-term prognosis of EE is uncertain; however available data suggests a benign, albeit inconvenient, course. With increasing recognition, this entity is taking its place as an established cause of solid food dysphagia.

关键词： Eosinophilic esophagitis Allergy Dysphagia

Cadmium sulfide cage photocatalysis coupled electroactive biofilm for synergistic promotion of tetracycline degradation and electricity production

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2023年第35期166卷 86-97页

作者： Z.S.Yuan J.X.Zou X.L.Zhao J.Y.Shi C.S.Guo m.yan School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Tetracycline(TC)as a common broad-spectrum antibiotic,has been frequently detected in soil and sur-face *** becomes a great threat to the ecological ***,a device of photocatalysis as-sisted microbial fuel cell(photo-mFC)was constructed for TC degradation and energy *** this photo-mFC,cadmium sulfide(CdS)cage photocatalysis can degrade most of TC in a short *** the Co_(3)O_(4)@C-CC(carbonization and calcination of the ZIF-67 precursor in-situ grown on the carbon cloth(CC))bioanode degrades the rest of TC as well as the photocatalytic products,thus improving the *** co-existence of photocatalysis with bioanode changes the microbial community structure of the *** dominant phylum is Geobacter(60.2%)in normal mFC while that in photo-mFC are Pro-teobacteria(43.5%)and Geobacter(33.2%).Therefore,the synergistic effect of photocatalytic degradation and biodegradation achieves a chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal of 98.6%,which is higher than that of normal mFC(77.6%)or single CdS cage photocatalysis(23.8%).In addition,the photogenerated electrons can be transferred to the cathode,which reduces their combination with holes and increases the electricity generation of mFC,achieving a maximum power density of 3.37 W/m^(2).After degradation,the effluent with 200 mg L^(−1) TC exhibits no visible ***,electrochemical test,finite-difference time-domain(FDTD),density functional theory(DFT)calculation and the free radical trapping experiments verify the possible mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation in this *** strat-egy paves a new way for low energy consumption removal and energy recovery of organic pollutants.

关键词： Photo-mFC CdS cage Tetracycline degradation mineralization Electricity production

Boosting hydrocarbon conversion via Cu-doping induced oxygen vacancies on CeO2 in CO2 electroreduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 66-76页

作者： Lei Xue Tong Shi Chenhui Han Heng Zhang Fenrong Liu Haorun Li yan Wang Xiaojun Gu Shanghong Zeng Inner mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of Rare Earth materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Catalysis Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University National Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Research and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths

Conversion of CO2back to hydrocarbons is the most direct way of closing the“carbon cycle”,and its significance is further enlarged if this process is driven by renewable energies such as ***,precisely controlling the product selectivity towards hydrocarbons against the competitive hydrogen evolution remains challenging,especially for Cu-based ***,we report a novel defect engineering strategy,by which Cu-doping-induced oxygen vacancies on CeO2nanorods were effectively created,with adjustable vacancy/Cu *** resulting optimum catalyst shows up to 79% catalytic current density to hydrocarbons （excluding CO）,with 49% faradaic efficiency to *** and density functional theory unveil that the ratio between oxygen vacancy and Cu affects significantly the formation of*CHO and activation of H2O,which leads to the following deep hydrogenation to *** findings may spur new insights for designing and developing more controllable chemical process relevant to CO2utilization.

关键词： Oxygen vacancy Hydrocarbon production Reaction mechanism

metal nanoparticles decorated CoFe-(oxy)hydroxysulfides nanosheets fabricated by a general strategy for electrocatalytic water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 26-38页

作者： Xiaodong yang Haochen Shen Xiaoming Xiao Zhichao Li Qi Zhou Wei yang Bin Jiang Yongli Sun Luhong Zhang Zhenhua yan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy materials Chemistry (ministry of Education) Nankai University

This study presents a novel method to fabricate metal-decorated,sulfur-doped layered double hydroxides （m/SLDH） through spontaneous redox and sulfurization *** developed Ag/SLDH and Pt/SLDH catalysts with abundant heterogeneous interfaces and hierarchical nanostructures demonstrated outstanding oxygen evolution reaction （OER） and hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） performance,achieving low overpotentials of 212 and 35 mV at 10 mA cm-2in 1 m KOH,*** both anode and cathode in water splitting,they required only 1.47 V to reach 10 mA cm-2and exhibited high structural robustness,maintaining stability at 1000 mA cm-2for 300 ***-situ Raman analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of metal nanoparticles and S doping significantly promote the transformation into the S-Co1-xFexOOH layer,which serves as the active phase for water ***,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy （UPS） and density functional theory （DFT） analyses indicated that incorporating metal nanoparticles and S doping increase electron density near the Fermi level and reduce reaction energy barriers,thus enhancing intrinsic OER and HER *** study provides a scalable strategy for synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting,with promising potential for broader applications.

关键词： LDH Spontaneous reaction metal nanoparticles Water splitting

moS_(2)Lubricate‑Toughened mXene/ANF Composites for multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 358-371页

作者： Jiaen Wang Wei ming Longfu Chen Tianliang Song moxi Yele Hao Zhang Long yang Gegen Sarula Benliang Liang Luting yan Guangsheng Wang School of Physical Science and Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Bio‑Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of ministry of Education School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191People’s Republic of China

The design and fabrication of high toughness electromagnetic interference(EmI)shielding composite films with diminished reflection are an imperative task to solve electromagnetic pollution *** mXene/ANF(aramid nanofibers)–moS_(2)composite films with nacre-like layered structure here are fabricated after the introduction of moS_(2)into binary mXene/ANF composite *** introduction of moS_(2)fulfills an impressive“kill three birds with one stone”improvement effect:lubrication toughening mechanical performance,reduction in secondary reflection pollution of electromagnetic wave,and improvement in the performance of photothermal *** the introduction of moS_(2)into binary mXene/ANF(mass ratio of 50:50),the strain to failure and tensile strength increase from 22.1±1.7%and 105.7±6.4 mPa and to 25.8±0.7%and 167.3±9.1 mPa,*** toughness elevates from 13.0±4.1 to 26.3±0.8 mJ m^(−3)(~102.3%)*** the reflection shielding effectiveness(SE_(R))of mXene/ANF(mass ratio of 50:50)decreases~10.8%.EmI shielding effectiveness(EmI SE)elevates to 41.0 dB(8.2–12.4 GHz);After the introduction of moS_(2)into binary mXene/ANF(mass ratio of 60:40),the strain to failure increases from 18.3±1.9%to 28.1±0.7%(~53.5%),the SE_(R)decreases~22.2%,and the corresponding EmI SE is 43.9 *** moS_(2)also leads to a more efficient photothermal conversion performance(~45 to~55℃).Additionally,mXene/ANF–moS_(2)composite films exhibit excellent electric heating performance,quick temperature elevation(15 s),excellent cycle stability(2,2.5,and 3 V),and long-term stability(2520 s).Combining with excellent mechanical performance with high mXene content,electric heating performance,and photothermal conversion performance,EmI shielding ternary mXene/ANF–moS_(2)composite films could be applied in many industrial *** work broadens how to achieve a balance between mechanical properties and versatility of composites in the case of high-function fillers.

关键词： mXene-moS_(2) Lubrication toughening EmI shielding Photothermal conversion Electric heating performance

Integration of Electrical Properties and Polarization Loss modulation on Atomic Fe–N‑RGO for Boosting Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 517-532页

作者： Kaili Zhang Yuefeng yan Zhen Wang Guansheng ma Dechang Jia Xiaoxiao Huang Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding&Joining of materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China School of materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China mIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural‑Functional Integration materials&Green manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China

Developing effective strategies to regulate graphene’s conduction loss and polarization has become a key to expanding its application in the electromagnetic wave absorption(EmWA)*** on the unique energy band structure of graphene,regulating its bandgap and electrical properties by introducing heteroatoms is considered a feasible ***,metal-nitrogen doping reduced graphene oxide(m–N-RGO)was prepared by embedding a series of single metal atoms m–N_(4) sites(m=mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Nb,Cd,and Sn)in RGO using an N-coordination atom-assisted *** composites had adjustable conductivity and polarization to optimize dielectric loss and impedance matching for efficient EmWA *** results showed that the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of Fe–N-RGO reaches−74.05 dB(2.0 mm)and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB_(max))is 7.05 GHz(1.89 mm)even with a low filler loading of only 1 wt%.Combined with X-ray absorption spectra(XAFS),atomic force microscopy,and density functional theory calculation analysis,the Fe–N_(4) can be used as the polarization center to increase dipole polarization,interface polarization and defect-induced polarization due to d-p orbital hybridization and structural ***,electron migration within the Fe further leads to conduction loss,thereby synergistically promoting energy *** study demonstrates the effectiveness of metal-nitrogen doping in regulating the graphene′s dielectric properties,which provides an important basis for further investigation of the loss mechanism.

关键词： Electromagnetic wave absorption Fe-N-RGO Dipole polarization Conduction loss Impedance matching

Engineered Cancer Nanovaccines:A New Frontier in Cancer Therapy

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 134-168页

作者： Yijie Wang Congrui Liu Chao Fang Qiuxia Peng Wen Qin Xuebing yan Kun Zhang Central Laboratory and Department of medical Ultrasound Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesSichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaNo.32West Second SectionFirst Ring RoadChengdu 610072People’s Republic of China Department of Stomatology and Central Laboratory School of MedicineShanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji UniversityNO.301 Yan‑Chang‑Zhong RoadShanghai 200072People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Provincial Innovation and Practice Base for Postdoctors Suining People’s HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityNo.2Bayi West RoadSuiningXu Zhou 221000Jiangsu ProvincePeople’s Republic of China

Vaccinations are essential for preventing and treating disease,especially cancer nanovaccines,which have gained considerable interest recently for their strong anti-tumor immune *** can prompt the immune system to generate antibodies and activate various immune cells,leading to a response against tumor tissues and reducing the negative effects and recurrence risks of traditional chemotherapy and *** enhance the flexibility and targeting of vaccines,nanovaccines utilize nanotechnology to encapsulate or carry antigens at the nanoscale level,enabling more controlled and precise drug delivery to enhance immune *** nanovaccines function by encapsulating tumor-specific antigens or tumor-associated antigens within *** small size of these nanomaterials allows for precise targeting of T cells,dendritic cells,or cancer cells,thereby eliciting a more potent anti-tumor *** this paper,we focus on the classification of carriers for cancer nanovaccines,the roles of different target cells,and clinically tested cancer nanovaccines,discussing strategies for effectively inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes responses and optimizing antigen presentation,while also looking ahead to the translational challenges of moving from animal experiments to clinical trials.

关键词： Cancer nanovaccines Immunotherapy Nanobiotechnology Immune targets Signaling pathway

High Fe‑Loading Single‑Atom Catalyst Boosts ROS Production by Density Effect for Efficient Antibacterial Therapy

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 187-203页

作者： Si Chen Fang Huang Lijie mao Zhimin Zhang Han Lin Qixin yan Xiangyu Lu Jianlin Shi Department of Cardiology Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic medicine School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China

The current single-atom catalysts(SACs)for medicine still suffer from the limited active site ***,we develop a synthetic method capable of increasing both the metal loading and mass-specific activity of SACs by exchanging zinc with *** constructed iron SACs(h^(3)-FNC)with a high metal loading of 6.27 wt%and an optimized adjacent Fe distance of~4 A exhibit excellent oxidase-like catalytic performance without significant activity decay after being stored for six months and promising antibacterial ***,a“density effect”has been found at a high-enough metal doping amount,at which individual active sites become close enough to interact with each other and alter the electronic structure,resulting in significantly boosted intrinsic activity of single-atomic iron sites in h^(3)-FNCs by 2.3 times compared to low-and medium-loading ***,the overall catalytic activity of h^(3)-FNC is highly improved,with mass activity and metal mass-specific activity that are,respectively,66 and 315 times higher than those of commercial Pt/*** addition,h^(3)-FNCs demonstrate efficiently enhanced capability in catalyzing oxygen reduction into superoxide anion(O_(2)·^(−))and glutathione(GSH)*** in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrate the superior antibacterial efficacy of h^(3)-FNCs in promoting wound *** work presents an intriguing activity-enhancement effect in catalysts and exhibits impressive therapeutic efficacy in combating bacterial infections.

关键词： Nanocatalytic medicine Single-atom catalysts Reactive oxygen species(ROS) High metal loading Oxidase catalysis

16.48% Efficient solution-processed CIGS solar cells with crystal growth and defects engineering enabled by Ag doping strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 59-65页

作者： mengyu Xu Shaocong yan Ting Liang Jia Jia Shengjie Yuan Dongxing Kou Zhengji Zhou Wenhui Zhou Yafang Qi Yuena meng Litao Han Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional materials of mOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering Henan University

Solution-processed Cu（In,Ga）Se2（CIGS） solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency（PCE） loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of ***, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage（VOC） of 662 m V and fill factor（FF） of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.

关键词： CIGS solar cells Solution-processed method Ag doping Crystal growth Defects engineering