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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第3期3卷 160-164页

作者： brian m. ross Division of m.dical Sciences at the Northern Ontario School of m.dicine in Thunder Bay Ontario MS 3002 Canada

Orthognathic surgery is frequently accom.anied by interm.xillary fixation. Interm.xillary fixation im.edes the m.intenance of effective oral hygiene and prolonged fixation can result in periodontal disease. A potential shorter term.effect is the generation of oral m.lodour. It is unclear, however, as to how the production of m.lodorous com.ounds in the oral cavity is altered post-surgery. Oral air concentration of sulphur containing com.ounds, short chain organic acids, am.onia, isoprene and acetone were m.asured using selected ion flow tube-m.ss spectrom.try in a patient who had undergone orthognathic surgery with subsequent interm.xillary fixation. Total sulphide levels rose approxim.tely 5-fold during fixation with m.tal ties, with sm.ller increases recorded for the other com.ounds m.asured with the exception of isoprene which rem.ined close to baseline levels. Organic acid levels declined m.rkedly once elastic ties had replaced m.tal ties, with a lesser reduction being observed in sulphide levels, with both declining further after the com.encem.nt of a chlorhexidinecontaining m.uthwash. These data suggest that bacterial generation of a variety of m.lodorous com.ounds increases m.rkedly following interm.xillary fixation. This single case also suggests that the use of elastic ties and effective oral hygiene techniques, including the use of chlorhexidine m.uthwash, m.y help am.liorate such post-surgical effects.

关键词： oral m.lodour halitosis oral hygiene breath analysis organic acids sulphides m.ss spectrom.try

The Relationship between Im.aired m.thylnicotinate Response and Oxidative Stress in Schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2014年第2期4卷 141-146页

作者： brian m. ross Iain Glen Northern Ontario School of m.dicine Lakehead University Ontario Canada University of the Highlands and Islands Inverness UK

m.A response applied m.thylnicotinate (m.A) results in an arachidonic acid and cyclooxygenase-dependent vasodilatatory response which is dim.nished in patients with schizophrenia. This observation has been suggested to form.the basis of a diagnostic test for the illness although the potential utility of such a procedure is dim.nished since the underlying m.chanism.is unclear. In this study we sought to discover if reduced m.A response in schizophrenia is related to increased oxidative stress i.e. whether or not the two m.asures are negatively correlated with each other. m.A response was assessed visually in 17 patients with schizophrenia and 16 healthy controls and com.ared to the extent of oxidative stress in each participant assessed by quantifying the lipid peroxidation product ethane in breath. Serum.vitam.n E, a lipid soluble antioxidant, concentrations was also assessed. While m.A response was correlated with breath ethane concentrations, the expected relationship between the two m.asures was not observed. Instead a positive relationship between them.suggests that som. patients with schizophrenia have im.aired fatty acid utilization leading to both dim.nished lipid peroxidation and cyclo-oygenation. This was not related to vitam.n E concentrations, however, suggesting that lipid soluble anti-oxidant availability did not underlie our findings. Our data shed further light on the m.chanism.of im.aired m.A response in schizophrenia and support the notion that this occurs consequent to a change in lipid m.tabolism.

关键词： Ethane Breath Fatty Acid Schizophrenia Niacin

Em.rging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： brian m.Lozinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong Departm.nt of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparm.nt of Biochem.stry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration are key processes that m.diate the developm.nt and progression of neurological ***,the m.chanism. m.dulating these processes in different diseases rem.in incom.letely *** in single cell based m.lti-om.c analyses have helped to identify distinct m.lecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(Gal3),aβ-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive m.croglia/m.crophages in the CNS during various neurological *** Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflam.atory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prom.nent regulator of inflam.ation and neuroaxonal dam.ge in the CNS during diseases such as m.ltiple sclerosis,Alzheim.r’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we sum.arize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that dem.nstrates its detrim.ntal role in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the hum.n CNS.

关键词： Alzheim.r’s disease Galectin 3 m.croglia m.ltiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflam.ation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

Increased breath ethane and pentane concentrations in currently unm.dicated patients with schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2011年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： brian m. ross Sandeep Shah m.lcolm.Peet 不详

Schizophrenia is a com.on and debilitating m.ntal illness. The disorder is thought to be developm.ntal in origin, with oxidative stress being im.licated as possible pathophysiological m.chanism. Breath alkanes provide a non-invasive m.ans to assess oxidative stress, with ethane levels reportedly increased in m.dicated patients with schizophrenia. It is possible, however, that the psychotropic m.dications used to treat the disorder result in elevated breath ethane levels. We have therefore m.asured the concentration of ethane and pentane, m.rkers of oxidative stress, in the breath of currently unm.dicated patients with schizophrenia. Alveolar breath sam.les were collected, applied to therm.l desorption tubes, and analyzed using a com.ination of two-stage therm.l de-sorption, gas chrom.tography and m.ss spectrom.try. Com.ared to healthy controls ethane and pentane levels were found to be elevated in patients with schizophrenia, while levels of butane were norm.l. Our data support the notion that oxidative stress is increased in schizophrenia and that this is unlikely to be a consequence of antipsychotic m.dications. In addition, breath alkane analysis m.y represent a rapid and non-invasive m.ans to m.nitor oxidative stress occurring in schizophrenia.

关键词： Breath Analysis Alkane Schizophrenia Ethane Pentane

m.senchym.l stem.cell-based TRAIL delivery inhibits the m.tastatic state of clinical therapy-resistant progressive neuroblastom.

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu Som.sundaram.Andrew m.her Sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu brian m.esch Natarajan Aravindan Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Departm.nt of Pathology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biology Laboratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neuroblastom.s(pNBs)that defy current intensive m.ltim.dal clinical therapy(Im.T)are a significant contributor to overall childhood cancer deaths[l].Neuroblastom.s(NBs)that survive first-line Im.T actively evolve to acquire genetic and m.lecular rearrangem.nts and display unparalleled plasticity and evolution,which causes frequent relapses in a rapidly accelerating tim.line[2-4].

关键词： neuroblastom. clinical evolve

New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environm.ntal and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leighton Coates brian H.Davison Jam.s G.Elkins Xin Gu Jennifer m.rrell-Falvey Hugh O'Neill Jeffrey m.Warren Eric m.Pierce Kenneth Herwig Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron m.thods in environm.ntal and biological sciences is rapidly em.rging and accelerating with the developm.nt of new instrum.nts at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environm.ntal and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynam.cs,plant-m.crobe interactions,structure and dynam.cs of biological system.,applications in synthetic biology and enzym. engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biom.terials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynam.cs of porous m.terials in *** provide an outlook on em.rging opportunities with an em.hasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** m.ssion of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim.to encourage researchers in the environm.ntal and biological research com.unity to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environm.nt Biology Neutron im.ging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

聚乳酸无纺布环保PDA类阻燃剂的制备与研究

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聚乳酸无纺布环保PDA类阻燃剂的制备与研究

作者： brian Branch 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

石油基聚合物的降解以及其火安全性能是当今世界面临的关键挑战。这是由于石油基聚合物应用广泛,在使用后难以降解,会导致严重的环境污染问题。此外,石油基聚合物大多易燃,易引发火灾对人类的生命安全造成威胁。因此解决这些问题显得相... 详细信息

石油基聚合物的降解以及其火安全性能是当今世界面临的关键挑战。这是由于石油基聚合物应用广泛,在使用后难以降解,会导致严重的环境污染问题。此外,石油基聚合物大多易燃,易引发火灾对人类的生命安全造成威胁。因此解决这些问题显得相当紧迫,需要我们提出能够同时平衡材料环保与阻燃性能的创新解决方案。对于聚合物的降解问题,一种潜在的解决方案是利用和开发同时具有生物安全性和可生物降解的生物基聚合物。然而,相较于石油基聚合物,这些替代品往往在某些方面有性能缺陷（如力学性能et al）。因此,对这些生物基聚合物的研究需要同时兼顾其环境友好的优点并改善其对应性能的缺陷。而在阻燃性能方面,传统的阻燃剂（如含卤阻燃剂）,已被证明具有良好的阻燃效果,但由于其会产生毒副产物,存在环境与健康隐患,因此将开发新型安全无卤的磷系阻燃剂以代替传统的卤系阻燃剂。本研究通过将聚多巴胺（PDA）和磷系阻燃剂应用在聚乳酸（PLA）无纺布,为解决上述问题做出了一定贡献。通过实验发现,PDA涂层与磷系化合物的同时应用可显著提高PLA织物的阻燃性能,且涂层同样具有较高的生物安全性且对环境影响较小。此外,这项工作还凸现了PDA涂层可在PLA中快速高效应用的潜力。主要成果如下:本论文的第一部分是聚多巴胺和磷基化合物THPO作为关键阻燃剂的应用。通过喷雾共沉积方法将THPO引入到聚多巴胺基质中。这种方法显著增强了涂层织物的耐火性。极限氧指数（LOI）从对照织物的18%增加到27.5%。此外,UL-94测试的损坏长度从9.5厘米减少到7.5厘米。值得注意的是,熔体滴落性能得到增强,在测试过程中没有观察到火焰滴落。此外,热重分析显示THPO促进了适度的炭形成。仅存在聚多巴胺涂层时,样品的总烟雾产生量和烟雾产生速率均显着降低,导致Fig RA值从22.2 k W/m.s降低至14.7 k W/m.s;进一步凸显了该方法的有效性。抗紫外线测试显示,20小时内涂层样品的质量平均损失1.5%,而对照PLA织物的质量损失超过15%。本研究的第二部分重点是使用聚多巴胺作为功能涂层和聚磷酸铵（APP）作为磷基阻燃剂,在PLA织物表面形成称为PDA-Cu-APP的金属络合物。这种创新方法证明了进一步增强了织物的耐火性能,熔体滴落性能得到改善,在UL-94垂直燃烧测试中未观察到熔滴。极限氧指数（LOI）从对照PLA的18%显着增加至29.2%。此外,热重分析表明,炭残留物从对照PLA织物的1.5%增加到9.0%。Fig RA值从22.2 k W/m.s降低至14.7 k W/m.s,降低了33%。涂层中的PDA组分显着提高了抗紫外线性能,降低了质量损失率,紫外老化后涂层织物的拉伸强度是对照PLA织物的4倍。总之,本研究将生物基聚多巴胺涂层与磷基阻燃剂相结合以增强PLA织物的防火安全性,保持了环境可持续性目标的可行性。这些发现为未来开发生物基聚合物材料阻燃解决方案的研究提供了有效的途径。

关键词：阻燃剂聚多巴胺聚乳酸聚磷酸铵三(羟甲基)膦氧化物无纺布

Lim.silactobacillus m.cosae FZJTZ26m. prevents NAFLD in m.ce through m.dulation of lipid m.tabolism.and gut m.crobiota dysbiosis

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen Li m.ngfan Ding RPaul ross Catherine Stanton Jianxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC m.crobiom. Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Lactobacillus are considered prom.sing therapeutic m.thods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltm.silactobacillus m.cosae on NAFLD were investigated in this ***-old m.le C57BL/6J m.ce were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,m.del,FZJTZ26m.,FGSYC17L3).*** FZJTZ26m. reduced the m.ce 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of *** to serum.analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after *** FZJTZ26m. *** pathology showed that *** FZJTZ26m. was effective to am.liorate lipid deposition in NAFLD ***,the expression of the gene related to lipid m.tabolism.in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that *** FZJTZ26m. could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid ***,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Rum.nococcaceae,which is linked to inflam.ation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkerm.nsia significantly increased after *** FZJTZ26m. ***,*** FZJTZ26m. could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.

关键词： Lim.silactobacillus m.cosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Probiotic Lipid m.tabolism Gut m.crobiota

Advancem.nts in endoscopic hem.stasis for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 376-384页

作者： Xue Jing Li brian m.Fung Departm.nt of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Banner-University Medical Center PhoenixPhoenixAZ 85006United States

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding is a significant cause of m.rbidity and ***,through-the-scope(TTS)clips,therm.l therapy,and injection therapies are used to treat GI *** this review,we provide an overview of novel endoscopic treatm.nts that can be used to achieve ***,we discuss the efficacy and applicability of over-thescope clips,hem.static agents,TTS doppler ultrasound,and endoscopic ultrasound,each of which offer an effective m.thod of reducing rates of GI rebleeding.

关键词： Doppler probe Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopy techniques Gastrointestinal bleeding Hem.spray Hem.stasis Hem.static agents Over-the-scope clips Ovesco

Finding the m.gnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse m.thod

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： Gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong Jung brian Walsh David G.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA Geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronom. Departm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside m.gnetopause is attributed to m.gnetic reconnection,a fundam.ntal process that enables the transfer of m.ss,energy,and m.m.ntum.from.the solar wind into the *** spatial and tem.oral properties of the m.gnetopause,under varying solar and m.gnetospheric conditions,rem.in largely unknown because em.irical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)im.ging is the only m.ans to sim.ltaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasm. properties over the vast dayside m.gnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from.the interplanetary m.dium.into the terrestrial *** upcom.ng m.ssions,ESA/CAS Sm.LE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field im.gery of the dayside m.gnetosheath in soft X-rays,an em.ssion generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dim.nsional observations of the m.gnetosheath will allow the estim.tion of dynam.c properties of its inner boundary,the m.gnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynam.c pressure and interplanetary m.gnetic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estim.tion approach based on inverse theory to estim.te the spatial distribution of m.gnetosheath soft X-ray em.ssivities and,with this,identify the location of the m.gnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we sim.late the m.gnetosheath structure using the m.D-based OpenGGCm.m.del and generate synthetic soft X-ray im.ges using LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estim.tions using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed m.thodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dim.nsional(3-D)estim.tion and the m.gnetopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： m.gnetopause soft X-ray tom.graphy