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Em.rging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： brian m.Lozinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong Departm.nt of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparm.nt of Biochem.stry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration are key processes that m.diate the developm.nt and progression of neurological ***,the m.chanism. m.dulating these processes in different diseases rem.in incom.letely *** in single cell based m.lti-om.c analyses have helped to identify distinct m.lecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(Gal3),aβ-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive m.croglia/m.crophages in the CNS during various neurological *** Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflam.atory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prom.nent regulator of inflam.ation and neuroaxonal dam.ge in the CNS during diseases such as m.ltiple sclerosis,Alzheim.r’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we sum.arize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that dem.nstrates its detrim.ntal role in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the hum.n CNS.

关键词： Alzheim.r’s disease Galectin 3 m.croglia m.ltiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflam.ation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

m.rkers of Oocyte Quality to Enhance Hum.n IVF Outcom.s: A Bibliographic Review

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Open Journal of Internal m.dicine 2024年第1期14卷 102-121页

作者： m.ham.ad Kayanja m.ses Tiri m.rk m.yigo davis Rujum.a Nyiro brian Kalule Francis Neogenesis Fertility Centre Kampala Uganda IVI Valencia Valecia Spain College of Health Sciences Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology Makerere University Makerere Uganda Zoetis ALPHA Plus Initiative Zaventum Belgium Faculty of Science and Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

The m.rkers of oocyte quality have rem.ined a m.jor controversy in the field of em.ryology due to the subjectivity of the different m.thods of oocyte assessm.nt. Various scholars use oocyte quality and oocyte com.etence interchangeably. Oocyte quality can be defined as the overall health of an oocyte whereas oocyte com.etence refers to the ability of an oocyte to be fertilized and develop into a healthy em.ryo. Dim.nished oocyte quality is believed to be a result of alterations in oocyte growth and m.turation processes that stem.from.several pelvic and system.c factors before and after oocyte retrieval. In this review, we focus on the m.rphological and nonm.rphological m.rkers of oocyte quality. Strict restrictions that lim.t the num.er of oocytes fertilized in various countries have triggered researchers around the world to com. up with the m.st appropriate and noninvasive m.rkers that enhance oocyte selection and optim.ze IVF outcom.s. Pubm.d, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were used to search for peer-reviewed, original articles about oocyte quality m.rkers. The review was written in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Item. for System.tic Reviews and m.ta-Analyses (PRISm.) guidelines. m.rphological m.rkers are com.only used, but they are subjective, and no single m.rker can be used exclusively to predict oocyte com.etence and subsequent em.ryonic developm.nt potential. Furtherm.re, transcriptom.cs of differentially expressed genes in cum.lus cells and assessm.nt of m.tabolom.cs and other contents of follicular fluid have shown greater precision. However, their specificity to the different quality determ.nants needs further research.

关键词： Oocyte Quality Oocyte Com.etence m.tabolom.cs Transcriptom.cs Oocyte m.rphology

m.senchym.l stem.cell-based TRAIL delivery inhibits the m.tastatic state of clinical therapy-resistant progressive neuroblastom.

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu Som.sundaram.Andrew m.her Sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu brian m.esch Natarajan Aravindan Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Departm.nt of Pathology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biology Laboratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neuroblastom.s(pNBs)that defy current intensive m.ltim.dal clinical therapy(Im.T)are a significant contributor to overall childhood cancer deaths[l].Neuroblastom.s(NBs)that survive first-line Im.T actively evolve to acquire genetic and m.lecular rearrangem.nts and display unparalleled plasticity and evolution,which causes frequent relapses in a rapidly accelerating tim.line[2-4].

关键词： neuroblastom. clinical evolve

New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environm.ntal and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leighton Coates brian H.davison Jam.s G.Elkins Xin Gu Jennifer m.rrell-Falvey Hugh O'Neill Jeffrey m.Warren Eric m.Pierce Kenneth Herwig Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron m.thods in environm.ntal and biological sciences is rapidly em.rging and accelerating with the developm.nt of new instrum.nts at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environm.ntal and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynam.cs,plant-m.crobe interactions,structure and dynam.cs of biological system.,applications in synthetic biology and enzym. engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biom.terials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynam.cs of porous m.terials in *** provide an outlook on em.rging opportunities with an em.hasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** m.ssion of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim.to encourage researchers in the environm.ntal and biological research com.unity to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environm.nt Biology Neutron im.ging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

Advancem.nts in endoscopic hem.stasis for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 376-384页

作者： Xue Jing Li brian m.Fung Departm.nt of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Banner-University Medical Center PhoenixPhoenixAZ 85006United States

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding is a significant cause of m.rbidity and ***,through-the-scope(TTS)clips,therm.l therapy,and injection therapies are used to treat GI *** this review,we provide an overview of novel endoscopic treatm.nts that can be used to achieve ***,we discuss the efficacy and applicability of over-thescope clips,hem.static agents,TTS doppler ultrasound,and endoscopic ultrasound,each of which offer an effective m.thod of reducing rates of GI rebleeding.

关键词： Doppler probe Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopy techniques Gastrointestinal bleeding Hem.spray Hem.stasis Hem.static agents Over-the-scope clips Ovesco

Finding the m.gnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse m.thod

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： Gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong Jung brian Walsh David G.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA Geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronom. Departm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside m.gnetopause is attributed to m.gnetic reconnection,a fundam.ntal process that enables the transfer of m.ss,energy,and m.m.ntum.from.the solar wind into the *** spatial and tem.oral properties of the m.gnetopause,under varying solar and m.gnetospheric conditions,rem.in largely unknown because em.irical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)im.ging is the only m.ans to sim.ltaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasm. properties over the vast dayside m.gnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from.the interplanetary m.dium.into the terrestrial *** upcom.ng m.ssions,ESA/CAS Sm.LE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field im.gery of the dayside m.gnetosheath in soft X-rays,an em.ssion generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dim.nsional observations of the m.gnetosheath will allow the estim.tion of dynam.c properties of its inner boundary,the m.gnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynam.c pressure and interplanetary m.gnetic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estim.tion approach based on inverse theory to estim.te the spatial distribution of m.gnetosheath soft X-ray em.ssivities and,with this,identify the location of the m.gnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we sim.late the m.gnetosheath structure using the m.D-based OpenGGCm.m.del and generate synthetic soft X-ray im.ges using LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estim.tions using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed m.thodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dim.nsional(3-D)estim.tion and the m.gnetopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： m.gnetopause soft X-ray tom.graphy

Why and how to use the SeqCode

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m.ife 2024年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Wiliam.B.Whitm.n m.ria Chuvochina brian P.Hedlund Konstantinos T.Konstantinidis m.rike Palm.r Luis m.Rodriguez-R lain Sutcliffe Fengping Wang Deparm.nt of m.crobioogy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUAA Schoolof Chem.stry and m.lecular Biosciences Australian CentreforEogenomicsThe Universty of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia University of Nevada Las Vegas Las VegasNevadaUSA Schol of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering and School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Departm.nt of m.crobiology University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNevadaUSA Departm.nt of m.crobiology and Digital Science Center(DiSC) University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria Faculty of Health&Life Sciences Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK School of Oceanography International Center for Deep Life InvestigationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

The SeqCode,form.lly called the Code of Nom.nclature of Prokaryotes Described from.Sequence Data,is a new code of nom.nclature in which genom. sequences are the nom.nclatural types for the nam.s of prokaryotic *** sim.lar to the International Code of Nom.nclature of Prokaryotes(ICNP)in structure and rules of priority,it does not require the deposition of type strains in international culture ***,it allows for the form.tion of perm.nent nam.s for uncultured prokaryotes whose nearly com.lete genom. sequences have been obtained directly from.environm.ntal DNA as well as other prokaryotes that cannot be deposited in culture *** the diversity of uncultured prokaryotes greatly exceeds that of readily culturable prokaryotes,the SeqCode is the only code suitable for nam.ng the m.jority of prokaryotic *** start date of the SeqCode was January 1,2022,and the online Registry(https://***)was created to ensure valid publication of *** SeqCode recognizes all nam.s validly published under the ICNP before *** that date,nam.s validly published under the SeqCode com.ete with ICNP nam.s for *** a result,species can have only one nam.,either from.the SeqCode or ICNP,enabling effective com.unication and the creation of unified taxonom.es of uncultured and cultured *** SeqCode is adm.nistered by the SeqCode Com.ittee,which is com.rised of the SeqCode Com.unity and elected adm.nistrative *** with an interest in the system.tics of prokaryotes is encouraged to join the SeqCode Com.unity and participate in the developm.nt of this resource.

关键词： genom. sequences m.tagenom.-assem.led genom.s nom.nclature SeqCode

Estim.ting the subsolar m.gnetopause position from.soft X-ray im.ges using a low-pass im.ge filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim.Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung brian m.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ram.z Qudsi Rum. Nakam.ra m.chael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Adm.nistration(NASA)Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronom. Departm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environm.nt heliospheric X-ray Im.ger(LEXI)and Solar wind m.gnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(Sm.LE)m.ssions will im.ge the Earth’s dayside m.gneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal m.gnetic reconnection m.des for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific m.ssions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the m.gnetopause locations from.the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geom.tric equation that calculates the subsolar m.gnetopause position(RS)from.a satellite position,the look direction of the instrum.nt,and the angle at which the X-ray em.ssion is *** assum.tions are used in this m.thod:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray em.ssions are m.xim.zed lies tangent to the m.gnetopause,and(2)the m.gnetopause surface near the subsolar point is alm.st spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the m.gneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray im.ges by using the Open Geospace General Circulation m.del(OpenGGCm.global m.gnetohydrodynam.c m.del,the galactic background,the instrum.nt point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform.and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic im.ges to re m.ve noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red im.ges,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCm.subsolar m.gnetopause location as ground *** m.thod estim.tes RS with an accuracy of10 *** accuracy im.roves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary m.gnetic *** m.thod ca ptures the m.gnetopause m.tion during southwa rd interplaneta ry m.gnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the m.gnetopause m.tion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray m.gnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI Sm.LE

Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaem.c lesions at 1 m.nth: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam.Longting Lin Christina Lam.Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel m.tthew Lee-Archer Andrew Wong m.chael Roizm.n Am.nda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee m.ng Tan Susan Day Christopher Levi Stephen m.davis m.rk Parsons Bernard Yan m.lbourne Brain Centre at Royal m.lbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of m.dicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of m.dicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optim.l tim. to com.ence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaem.c stroke or transient ischaem.c attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recom.endations.A lim.tation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted im.ging ischaem.c *** aim.d to quantify silent ischaem.c lesions and haem.rrhages on m.I at 1m.nth in patients com.enced on early(m.c lesions and m.re haem.rrhages in the early anticoagulant group at 1-m.nth *** A prospective m.lticentre,observational cohort study was perform.d at 11 Australian stroke *** and m.I data were collected at baseline and follow-up,with blinded im.ging assessm.nt perform.d by two *** of com.encem.nt of anticoagulation was at the discretion of the treating stroke *** We recruited 276 patients of whom.208 m.t the eligibility *** average age was 74.2 years(SD±10.63),and 79(38%)patients were *** National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score was 5(IQR 1–12).m.dian baseline ischaem.c lesion volum. was 5m.(IQR 2–17).There were a greater num.er of new ischaem.c lesions on follow-up m.I in patients com.enced on anticoagulation≥4days after index event(17%vs 8%,p=0.04),but no difference in haem.rrhage rates(22%vs 32%,p=0.10).Baseline ischaem.c lesion volum. of≤5m. was less likely to have a new haem.rrhage at 1m.nth(p=0.02).There was no difference in haem.rrhage rates in patients with an initial ischaem.c lesion volum. of>5m.,regardless of anticoagulation *** Com.encing anticoagulationm.c lesions at 1m.nth in AF *** is no increased rate of haem.rrhage with early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after m.ld-to-m.derate acute ischaem.c stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaem.c