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Water Biology and Security 2023年第4期2卷 20-35页

作者： Rebecca Flitcroft Luke Whitman James White Rose Wallick Laurel Stratton Garvin Cassandra Smith Robert Plotnikoff michael mulvey Tobias Kock Krista Jones Peter Gruendike Carolyn Gombert Guillermo Giannico Andrew Dutterer Daniel Brown Hannah Barrett brian Bangs Robert m.Hughes U.S.D.A.Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station3200 SW Jefferson WayCorvallisOR97331USA Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife 28655 OR-34CorvallisOR9733USA U.S.Geological Survey Oregon Water Science Center601 SW 2nd AveSuite 1950PortlandOR97204USA Snohomish County Department of Conservation and Natural Resources 3000 Rockefeller AvenueEverettWA98201USA Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Laboratory and Environmental Assessment Division 7202 NE Evergreen ParkwaySuite 150HillsboroOR97124USA U.S.Geological Survey Western Fisheries Research Center5501A Cook-Underwood RoadCookWashington WA 98605USA River Design Group 311 SW Jefferson AvenueCorvallisOR97333USA Bureau of Reclamation Sedimentation and River Hydraulics GroupDenver Federal CenterDenverCO80225USA Oregon State University Department of FisheriesWildlifeand Conservation SciencesNash 104CorvallisOR97331USA Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board 775 Summer Street NESalemOR97301USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service 911 NE 11th AvenuePortlandOR97204USA Amnisopes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA

management and conservation efforts that support the recovery and protection of large rivers are daunting,reflecting the complexity of the challenge and extent of effort(in terms of policy,economic investment,and spatial extent)needed to afford measurable *** large systems have generally experienced intensive development and regulation,compromising their capacity to respond to disturbances such as climate change ***,large river and basin management require insights gained from social,ecological,geophysical,and hydrological *** multidisciplinary perspective can unveil the integrated relationship between a river network's biotic community and seasonally variableenvironmental conditions that are *** rivers andtheir basins are constantly changing due to anthropogenic influences and as climate modifies patterns of temperature and *** of these factors,the state of knowledge must advance to address changing *** Willamette River,in western Oregon,USA,is a prime example of a basin that has experienced significant degradation and investment in rehabilitation in recent *** science has facilitated development of fine-scale,spatially extensive datasets and models that can generate targeted conservation and rehabilitation actions that are prioritized across the entire river *** prioritization allows investment decisions to be driven by site-specific conditions while simultaneously considering potentials for ecological ***,we review hydrologic,geomorphic,ecologic,and social conditions in the Willamette River basin through time—including pre-settlement,river development,andcontemporary periods—andoffer a futurevisionfor ***,detailed informationaboutfish populations and habitat,hydrologic conditions,geomorphology,water quality,and land use can be leveraged to make informed decisions about protection,rehabilitation,and develop

关键词： Rehabilitation Flood mitigation Hydropower Fish multidisciplinary

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Potential for natural and enhanced attenuation of sulphanilamide in a contaminated chalk aquifer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 39-48页

作者： Karen A.Bennett Simon D.Kelly Xiangyu Tang brian J.Reid School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7TJUK Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency1400 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory of mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academyof SciencesChengdu 610041China

Understanding antibiotic biodegradation is important to the appreciation of their fate and removal from the environment. In this research an Isotope Ratio mass Spectrometry（IRmS）method was developed to evaluate the extent of biodegradation of the antibiotic,sulphanilamide, in contaminated groundwater. Results indicted an enrichment in δ^（13）C of8.44‰ from-26.56（at the contaminant source） to-18.12‰（300 m downfield of the source）.These results confirm reductions in sulphanilamide concentrations（from 650 to 10 mg/L）across the contaminant plume to be attributable to biodegradation（56%） vs. other natural attenuation processes, such as dilution or dispersion（42%）. To understand the controls on sulphanilamide degradation ex-situ microcosms assessed the influence of sulphanilamide concentration, redox conditions and an alternative carbon source. Results indicated, high levels of anaerobic capacity（~50% mineralisation） to degrade sulphanilamide under high（263 mg/L）, moderate（10 mg/L） and low（0.02 mg/L） substrate concentrations. The addition of electron acceptors; nitrate and sulphate, did not significantly enhance the capacity of the groundwater to anaerobically biodegrade sulphanilamide. Interestingly, where alternative carbon sources were present, the addition of nitrate and sulphate inhibited sulphanilamide biodegradation. These results suggest, under in-situ conditions, when a preferential carbon source was available for biodegradation, sulphanilamide could be acting as a nitrogen and/or sulphur source. These findings are important as they highlight sulphanilamide being used as a carbon and a putative nitrogen and sulphur source, under prevailing iron reducing conditions.

关键词： Antibiotics Sulphonamide Groundwater contamination Biodegradation Stable isotope fractionation IRmS

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A mechanistic consideration of oxygen enhancement ratio, oxygen transport and their relevancies for normal tissue sparing under FLASH irradiation

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Holistic Integrative Oncology 2022年第1期1卷 170-180页

作者： mengyu Jia Xu Cao brian W.Pogue Hao Peng School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Engineering Research Center of molecular and Neuro Imaging of the ministry of Education&School of Life Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126ShanxiChina Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNHUSA Department of medical Physics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China NewRT medical Systems Inc. Wuxi 214144China

Our study investigated the role of oxygen in mediating the FLASH *** efect,which was frst reported in vitro in the 1950s and in vivo in the 1970s,recently gained prominence with a number of publications showing diferential sparing between normal tissues and *** depletion(and subsequent induction of transient hypoxia)is the oldest and most prominent hypothesis to explain this *** better understand how the oxygen depletion hypothesis and oxygen enhancement ratio(OER)are relevant for interpreting FLASH benefts,an analytical model was proposed to estimate the sparing *** model incorporated factors such as OER,oxygen partial pressure(pO_(2)),loco-regional oxygen difusion/metabolism,total dose and dose *** sparing factor,was used to quantify the sparing of normal tissue(initially physoxic).The radiosensitivity parameters of two cell types(V79 Chinese hamster cells and T1 human kidney cells)were ***,the transient behavior of OER during fnite time intervals was modeled,for both without and with the presence of oxygen transport using a difusion *** tissues with an oxygen consumption rate of 20mmHg/s and a distance of 60μm away from blood vessels,the sparing factor demonstrates an increase from 1.03/1.06(V79/T1)at 2.5Gy/s up to 1.28/1.72(V79/T1)at 100Gy/s(total dose:10Gy).For normal tissues of initial pO_(2) between 1.5 and 8mmHg,the beneft from pushing the dose rate above 100Gy/s is found to be *** animal experiments have been conducted for ***,our study predicts that the dose rate associated with maximum normal tissue protection is between 50Gy/s and 100Gy/*** than the postulation of the hypoxic stem cell niches in normal tissues,we believe that a framework based upon the oxygen depletion hypothesis and OER is not able to efciently interpret diferential responses between normal and tumor tissue under FLASH irradiation.

关键词： FLASH radiotherapy OER Oxygen depletion

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Aggregation-induced emission luminogens for highly effective microwave dynamic therapy

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Bioactive materials 2022年第1期7卷 112-125页

作者： Nil Kanatha Pandey Wei Xiong Lingyun Wang Wei Chen brian Bui Jian Yang Eric Amador mingli Chen Christina Xing Aseem Atul Athavale Yaowu Hao Wirya Feizi Lloyd Lumata Department of Physics The University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA Key Laboratory of Functional molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Department of Chemistry College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityBox 332Shenyang 110819China Department of materials Science and Engineering The University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA Department of Physics The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RoadRichardsonTX 75080USA

Aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)exhibit efficient cytotoxic reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation capability and unique light-up features in the aggregated state,which have been well explored in image-guided photodynamic therapy(PDT).However,the limited penetration depth of light in tissue severely hinders AIEgens as a candidate for primary or adjunctive therapy for clinical ***,microwaves(mWs)show a distinct advantage for deeper penetration depth in tissues than ***,for the first time,we report AIEgen-mediated microwave dynamic therapy(mWDT)for cancer *** found that two AIEgens(TPEPy-I and TPEPy-PF6)served as a new type of microwave(mW)sensitizers to produce ROS,including singlet oxygen(1O2),resulting in efficient destructions of cancer *** results of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(mTT)and live/dead assays reveal that the two AIEgens when activated by mW irradiation can effectively kill cancer cells with average IC-50 values of 2.73 and 3.22μm,***,the ability of the two AIEgens to be activated by mW not only overcomes the limitations of conventional PDT,but also helps to improve existing mW ablation therapy by reducing the mW dose required to achieve the same therapeutic outcome,thus reducing the occurrence of side-effects of mW radiation.

关键词： AIEgens microwaves Photodynamic therapy Reactive oxygen species microwave ablation Cancer treatment Singlet oxygen

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A bi-level optimization for a make-to-order manufacturing supply chain planning:a case in the steel industry Lanndon

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Journal of management Analytics 2021年第4期8卷 598-621页

作者： Lanndon A.Ocampo Neelesh N.Vasnani Felixter Leone S.Chua Lance Brandon m.Pacio brian J.Galli Department of Industrial Engineering Cebu Technological UniversityCebu CityPhilippines Graduate School Cebu Technological UniversityCebu CityPhilippines Department of Industrial Engineering University of San CarlosCebu CityPhilippines School of Computer Science Innovation&Management EngineeringHofstra UniversityHempsteadNew YorkUSA

This paper presents an actual case application of a newly developed gametheoretic model in analyzing a single manufacturer-many supplier,multi-period,make-to-order supply chain with fuzzy *** supply chain under consideration comprises an exclusive supplier for every component required by the manufacturer in producing its *** certain instances,some supply chains enable the manufacturer to opt for a third-party subcontractor to produce a portion of its *** assume that the supply chain faces a price and lead-time-sensitive demand,which is relevant in a make-to-order *** vertical interaction within the supply chain is played as a Stackelberg game,where the manufacturer is considered the leader and the suppliers as the *** show some important managerial insights in supply chain planning under a make-to-order condition.

关键词： make-to-order supply chain production planning Stackelberg game bi-level optimization

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The Relationship between Impaired methylnicotinate Response and Oxidative Stress in Schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2014年第2期4卷 141-146页

作者： brian m. Ross Iain Glen Northern Ontario School of medicine Lakehead University Ontario Canada University of the Highlands and Islands Inverness UK

mNA response applied methylnicotinate (mNA) results in an arachidonic acid and cyclooxygenase-dependent vasodilatatory response which is diminished in patients with schizophrenia. This observation has been suggested to form the basis of a diagnostic test for the illness although the potential utility of such a procedure is diminished since the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study we sought to discover if reduced mNA response in schizophrenia is related to increased oxidative stress i.e. whether or not the two measures are negatively correlated with each other. mNA response was assessed visually in 17 patients with schizophrenia and 16 healthy controls and compared to the extent of oxidative stress in each participant assessed by quantifying the lipid peroxidation product ethane in breath. Serum vitamin E, a lipid soluble antioxidant, concentrations was also assessed. While mNA response was correlated with breath ethane concentrations, the expected relationship between the two measures was not observed. Instead a positive relationship between them suggests that some patients with schizophrenia have impaired fatty acid utilization leading to both diminished lipid peroxidation and cyclo-oygenation. This was not related to vitamin E concentrations, however, suggesting that lipid soluble anti-oxidant availability did not underlie our findings. Our data shed further light on the mechanism of impaired mNA response in schizophrenia and support the notion that this occurs consequent to a change in lipid metabolism.

关键词： Ethane Breath Fatty Acid Schizophrenia Niacin

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Phase stability and mechanical properties of wire+arc additively manufactured H13 tool steel at elevated temperatures

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2021年第8期67卷 80-94页

作者： A.N.m.Tanvir md.R.U.A hsan Gijeong Seo brian Bates Chanho Lee Peter K.Liaw mark Noakese Andrzej Nycz Changwook Ji Duck Bong Kim Department of mechanical Engineering Tennessee Technological UniversityCookevilleTN 38505USA Department of manufacturing and Engineering Technology Tennessee Technological UniversityCookevilleTN 38505USA Center for manufacturing Research Tennessee Technological UniversityCookevilleTN 38505USA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA manufacturing Demonstration Facility Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA Advanced Forming Process R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyUlsan 44413Republic of Korea

Wire+arc additive manufacturing(WAAm)is considered an innovative technology that can change the manufacturing landscape in the near *** offers the benefits of inexpensive initial system setup and a high deposition rate for fabricating medium-and large-sized parts such as die-casting *** this study,AISI H13 tool steel,a popular die-casting tool metal,is manufactured by cold metal transfer(CmT)-based WAAm and is then comprehensively analyzed for its microstructural and mechanical ***-dependent phase combinations are observed,which could be explained by nonequilibrium thermal cycles that resulted from the layer-by-layer stacking mechanism used in *** addition,remelting and reheating of the layers reduces welding anomalies(e.g.,pores and voids).The metallurgical characteristics of the H13 strongly correlate with the mechanical *** combinations of phases at different locations of the additively manufactured part exhibit a periodic microhardness ***,Retained Austenite,Ferrite,and Carbide phases are found in combination at different locations of the part based on the part’s temperature distribution during additive ***,the tensile properties at elevated temperatures(23℃,300℃,and 600℃)are comparable to those from other WAAm and additive manufacturing(Am)*** X-ray diffraction results verify that the microstructural stability of the fabricated parts at high temperatures would allow them to be used in high temperatures.

关键词： Tool steel martensitic steel Wire+arc additive manufacturing(WAAm) High temperature tensile test High temperature XRD

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Parametric oscillation of electromagnetic waves in momentum band gaps of a spatiotemporal crystal

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Photonics Research 2021年第2期9卷 142-150页

作者： SEOJOO LEE JAGANG PARK HYUKJOON CHO YIFAN WANG brian KIm CHIARA DARAIO BUmKI mIN Department of mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea mechanical Engineering and Applied Physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCalifornia 91125USA

Photonic crystals have revolutionized the field of optics with their unique dispersion and energy band gap engineering capabilities, such as the demonstration of extreme group and phase velocities, topologically protected photonic edge states, and control of spontaneous emission of photons. Time-variant media have also shown distinct functionalities, including nonreciprocal propagation, frequency conversion, and amplification of ***, spatiotemporal modulation has mostly been studied as a simple harmonic wave function. Here, we analyze time-variant and spatially discrete photonic crystal structures, referred to as spatiotemporal *** design of spatiotemporal crystals allows engineering of the momentum band gap within which parametric amplification can occur. As a potential platform for the construction of a parametric oscillator, a finite-sized spatiotemporal crystal is proposed and analyzed. Parametric oscillation is initiated by the energy and momentum conversion of an incident wave and the subsequent amplification by parametric gain within the momentum band gap. The oscillation process dominates over frequency mixing interactions above a transition threshold determined by the balance between gain and loss. Furthermore, the asymmetric formation of momentum band gaps can be realized by spatial phase control of the temporal modulation, which leads to directional radiation of oscillations at distinct frequencies. The proposed structure would enable simultaneous engineering of energy and momentum band gaps and provide a guideline for implementation of advanced dispersion-engineered parametric oscillators.

关键词： momentum oscillation crystal

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modeling the Influence of Salt on the Hydrophobic Effect and Protein Fold Stability

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第1期13卷 90-106页

作者： mihir S.Date brian N.Dominy Department of Chemistry Clemson UniversityClemson SC 29631USA.

Salt influences protein stability through electrostatic mechanisms as well as through nonpolar Hofmeister *** the present work,a continuum solvation based model is developed to explore the impact of salt on protein *** model relies on a traditional Poisson-Boltzmann(PB)term to describe the polar or electrostatic effects of salt,and a surface area dependent term containing a salt concentration dependent microscopic surface tension function to capture the non-polar Hofmeister *** model is first validated against a series of cold-shock protein variants whose salt-dependent protein fold stability profiles have been previously determined *** approach is then applied to HIV-1 protease in order to explain an experimentally observed enhancement in stability and activity at high(1m)NaCl *** inclusion of the salt-dependent non-polar term brings the model into quantitative agreement with experiment,and provides the basis for further studies into the impact of ionic strength on protein structure,function,and evolution.

关键词： Electrostatic stability hydrophobic effect halophile cold shock protein HIV-1 protease

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Organic electrode materials for fast-rate,high-power battery applications

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materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第1期1卷 4-25页

作者： Cara N.Gannett Luis melecio-Zambrano monica Jo Theibault brian m.Peterson Brett P.Fors Hector D.Abruna Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA

The development of new battery materials with fast charging/discharging capabilities is necessary to meet the growing demands of modern *** counter ion transport in inorganic materials(generally by de/intercalation)currently limits charge/discharge rates in lithium-ion batteries,the weak intermolecular forces in organic materials result in flexible,spacious structures that offer improved ion transport ***,we present the principles which enable fast rate capabilities in organic electrode materials,accompanied by specific literature examples illustrating exceptional rate *** discuss approaches to material design which support electron and/or ion transport and the limitations associated with each *** review aims to highlight the unique characteristics of organic materials as high-power density electrodes and inspire continued work in the field.

关键词： Energy storage Batteries Organic materials High-power Electrochemistry

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