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Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William J.Flerlage Mark l.Dell’Acqua brian M.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

Early Paleogene stratigraphic sequences,mammalian evolution and its response to environmental changes in Erlian Basin,Inner Mongolia,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 1918-1926页

作者： Christopher K.beard Daniel l.GEBO Section of Vertebrate Paleontology Carnegie Museum of Natural History4400 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Anthropology Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA

Paleogene strata in the Huheboerhe area,Erlian Basin,Inner Mongolia,China have been subdivided into three lithological units:the Nomogen Formation,the Arshanto Formation,and the Irdin Manha *** least 12 mammal-bearing horizons have been recognized in these formations,of which 4 in the Nomogen Formation,6 in the Arshanto Formation,and 2 in the Irdin Manha *** investigation proved that the "Houldjin Formation" recognized in this area by the Central Asiatic Expeditions(CAE) of the American Museum Natural History in the 1920s is actually the Irdin Manha Formation,while the "Irdin Manha Formation" of CAE is the Arshanto Formation.A recent paleomagnetic study suggests that the upper part of the Nomogen Formation is early Eocene in age and the Arshanto Formation is mainly early Eocene rather than middle Eocene as previously *** Gashatan,Bumbanian,and Arshantan land mammal ages are correlated respectively to the Thanetian,the early Ypresian,and the middle Ypresian through earliest lutetian of the Geological Time *** land mammal ages are also correlated with the late Tiffanian through Clarkforkian,the early Wasatchian,and the middle-late Wasatchian and most of the Bridgerian of the North American land Mammal *** the early Paleogene,the mammalian history of the Erlian Basin was dominated by the appearance of new mammalian families and the replacement of a variety of genera and species,corresponding to the gradual climatic changes during this time *** abrupt emergence of several modern mammalian orders at the beginning of the Eocene is probably related to extreme climatic warming in relation to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.

关键词： Erlian Basin Paleogene mammal faunal turnover biochronology environmental response

Novel Heat Transfer Issues Associated with the Design and Safe Operation of the MEGAPIE Spallation Source Target

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第1期16卷 63-78页

作者： brian l.Smith Thermal Hydraulics laboratory Paul Scherrer InstituteSwitzerland

Critical heat transfer problems are discussed in the context of the operation of a spallation source target, which represents a first demonstration of the feasibility of an innovative concept for generating energy using a particle accelerator. Within the framework of the umbrella project MEGAPIE, an R＆D support group was organized to take responsibility for target cooling. This involved the use of advanced numerical methods - Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） and Finite Element Method （FEM） - validated against suitable experimental data, and by means of appropriate benchmarking exercises. The design studies using CFD resulted in an optimum flow configuration being defined for the coolant circulation. Flow visualization tests were undertaken using a glass/water test section, with the velocity field mapped using optical and ultrasonic measuring techniques. These were followed by heat transfer tests, using the actual target materials （lead-bismuth-eutectic coolant and steel confinement）. Further CFD/FEM work to analyze operational transients and accident sequences was also carded out, and is described in the paper.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics finite element method liquid-metal coolant spallation source target

Extended-therapy duration for chronic hepatitis C,genotype 1:The long and the short of it

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第23期14卷 3621-3627页

作者： brian l Pearlman Atlanta Medical Center Medical College of GeorgiaEmory School of Medicine285 Boulevard NE Suite 140 AtlantaGeorgia 30312United States

With pegylated interferon and ribavirin, more than half of all chronically-infected hepatitis C patients can achieve a sustained virologic response; however, patients with genotype 1 infections and those with other poor prognostic factors have relatively inferior treatment response rates. Since new therapies are still years away from approval, it is incumbent upon providers to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of today＇s treatment. The later the virus is undetectable in serum during treatment, the less likely it will be eradicated. Patients with a delayed or slow virologic response to therapy （at least a 2-1og10 decrease in baseline hepatitis C RNA yet detectable viremia at 12 wk of therapy and undetectable virus 12 wk subsequently） may, therefore, benefit from an extended therapy course beyond one of standard duration. Although higher rates of treatment discontinuation may plague this approach, 72 wk of treatment for genotype 1-infected slow-responders may improve response rates and diminish relapse rates relative to those of 48 wk. Based on data from both viral kinetic and clinical studies, therapy prolongation in slow responders may be a reasonable strategy to improve response rates in these treatment-refractory patients.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus genotype Peginterferon alpha Ribavirin Slow-responder Extension

Methods for studying tooth root cementum by light microscopy

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International Journal of Oral Science 2012年第3期4卷 119-128页

作者： brian l Foster National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) National Institutes of Health (NIH)

The tooth root cementum is a thin, mineralized tissue covering the root dentin that is present primarily as acellular cementum on the cervical root and cellular cementum covering the apical root. While cementum shares many properties in common with bone and dentin, it is a unique mineralized tissue and acellular cementum is critical for attachment of the tooth to the surrounding periodontal ligament （PDl）. Resources for methodologies for hard tissues often overlook cementum and approaches that may be of value for studying this tissue. To address this issue, this report offers detailed methodology, as well as comparisons of several histological and immunohistochemical stains available for imaging the cementum-PDl complex by light microscopy. Notably, the infrequently used Alcian blue stain with nuclear fast red counterstain provided utility in imaging cementum in mouse, porcine and human teeth. While no truly unique extracellular matrix markers have been identified to differentiate cementum from the other hard tissues, immunohistochemistry for detection of bone sialoprotein （BSP）, osteopontin （OPN）, and dentin matrix protein 1 （DMP1） is a reliable approach for studying both acellular and cellular cementum and providing insight into developmental biology of these tissues. Histoloeical and immunohistochemical aooroaches Drovide insight on developmental biology of cementum.

关键词： bone bone sialoprotein cementum dentin dentin matrix protein 1 osteopontin periodontal ligament tooth development

Effects of temperature change on mussel,Mytilus

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 312-327页

作者： Mackenzie l.ZIPPAY brian HElMUTH Environment and Sustainability Program Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA

An increasing body of research has demonstrated the often idiosyncratic responses of organisms to climate-related factors,such as increases in air,sea and land surface temperatures,especially when coupled with non-climatic *** argues that sweeping generalizations about the likely impacts of climate change on organisms and ecosystems are likely less valuable than process-based explorations that focus on key species and *** in the genus Mytilus have been studied for centuries,and much is known of their physiology and *** other intertidal organisms,these animals may serve as early indicators of climate change *** structuring species,their survival has cascading impacts on many other species,making them ecologically important,in addition to their economic value as a food ***,we briefly review the categories of information available on the effects of temperature change on mussels within this *** a considerable body of information exists about the genus in general,knowledge gaps still exist,specifically in our ability to predict how specific populations are likely to respond to the effects of multiple stressors,both climate and non-climate related,and how these changes are likely to result in ecosystem-level *** this genus provides an excellent model for exploring the effects of climate change on natural and human-managed ecosystems,much work remains if we are to make predictions of likely impacts of environmental change on scales that are relevant to climate adaptation.

关键词： climate change mussels Mytilus organismal responses temperature

local and global methods in representations of Hecke algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第2期61卷 207-226页

作者： Jie Du brian J.Parshall leonard l.Scott School of Mathematics and Statistics University of New South Wales(UNSW) Department of Mathematics University of Virginia

This paper aims at developing a "local-global" approach for various types of finite dimensional algebras, especially those related to Hecke algebras. The eventual intention is to apply the methods and applications developed here to the cross-characteristic representation theory of finite groups of lie type. We first review the notions of quasi-hereditary and stratified algebras over a Noetherian commutative ring. We prove that many global properties of these algebras hold if and only if they hold locally at every prime ideal. When the commutative ring is sufficiently good, it is often sufficient to check just the prime ideals of height at most one. These methods are applied to construct certain generalized q-Schur algebras, proving they are often quasi-hereditary(the "good" prime case) but always stratified. Finally, these results are used to prove a triangular decomposition matrix theorem for the modular representations of Hecke algebras at good primes. In the bad prime case, the generalized q-Schur algebras are at least stratified, and a block triangular analogue of the good prime case is proved, where the blocks correspond to Kazhdan-lusztig cells.

关键词： quasi-hereditary algebra stratified algebra Hecke algebra Schur algebra left cell endomorphism algebra exact category height one prime

Behavior modeling and verification of movement authority scenario of Chinese Train Control System using AADl

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2015年第11期58卷 125-144页

作者： AHMAD Ehsan DONG YunWei lARSON brian lü JiDong TANG Tao ZHAN NaiJun School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University State Key laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Computing and Information Systems Kansas State University State Key laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University

Train control systems like most digital controllers are, by definition, hybrid systems as they interact with or try to control some aspects of the physical world. Detailed behavior modeling with constraints specification and formal verification, required for reliability prediction, is a great challenge for hybrid system *** control systems further intensify this challenge with extensive interaction between computing units and their physical environment and their mutual dependence on each other. In this paper, we investigate behavior modeling and formal verification of Chinese Train Control System level 3(CTCS-3) using Architectural Analysis & Design language(AADl) to cope with this challenge. AADl is an architecture description language for embedded systems and is based on model-based engineering paradigm. Along with structural modeling of embedded systems using the core language constructs, AADl also provides support for language extension through annex sublanguages. In system requirements specification document, the behavior of the CTCS-3 is specified as a set of basic operation scenarios that cooperate with each other to achieve safe and secure functionality of *** Authority(MA) scenario, explored in this paper, is considered as a basic and most crucial scenario to prevent trains from colliding with each other. The detailed discrete behavior of control system is modeled and verified using the Behavior language for Embedded Systems with Software(BlESS) annex sublanguage of AADl, and the continuous behavior of train with the cyber–physical interaction(communication between train and control system) is modeled using the Hybrid annex sublanguage. The behavior of the MA scenario at system level is verified using the Hybrid Hoare logic theorem prover. Behavior constraints are specified as assertions using first-order logic formulas augmented with a simple temporal operator.

关键词： AADl behavior modeling BlESS annex CTCS hybrid annex train control system

The role of radiotherapy in the management of localized soft tissue sarcomas

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第3期13卷 373-383页

作者： Siaw Sze Tiong Colleen Dickie Rick l.Haas brian O'Sullivan Department of Radiation Oncology Princess Margaret Cancer Center University of Toronto Department of Radiotherapy The Netherlands Cancer Institute Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital

The combination of radiotherapy(RT) and function-preserving surgery is the most usual contemporary approach in the management of soft tissue sarcomas(STS). Pre- and postoperative RT result in similar local control rates, as shown by a landmark trial in extremity STS. In this review, the role of RT in the management of extremity STS will be discussed, but STS in other sites,including retroperitoneal STS, will also be addressed. The focus will consider various aspects of RT including strategies to reduce the volume of tissue being irradiated, dose, scheduling, and the possible of omission of RT in selected cases. Finally, technology advances through the use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT), image-guided IMRT, intraoperative radiotherapy(IORT)and particle therapy will also be discussed.

关键词： Sarcoma radiotherapy retroperitoneal sarcoma surgery extremity sarcoma