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The impact of seasonality on multi-scale feature extraction techniques

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International journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 9-21页

作者： brian Moore jacob j.McKee Geographic Information Science and Technology Group Computational Sciences and Engineering DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

A key component in constructing a broad-scale,gridded population dataset is fine resolution geospatial data accurately depicting the extent of human *** datasets are often developed using a wide range of methods and classification techniques,including the use of spatial features,spectral features,or the coupling of both to identify the presence of man-made structures from high-resolution satellite *** using spatial and textural-based descriptors to generate highresolution settlement layers for two dissimilar regions at the peak of seasonal disparity,this study attempts to quantify the influence of seasonality on the accuracy of a supervised,multi-scale,feature extraction framework for automated delineation of human *** generated by numerous models are evaluated against a reference dataset allowing for assessment of seasonal and feature differences in the context of *** or regional mapping of human settlement requires the assemblage of high-resolution satellite images with variegated acquisition characteristics(season,sun elevation,off-nadir,etc.)to produce a cloud-free composite image from which features are *** of this study suggest an emphasis on imagery criteria,in particular acquisition date,could improve classification accuracy when mapping human settlement at scale.

关键词： Remote sensing highresolution imagery image processing human settlement accuracy

The endogenous progenitor response following traumatic brain injury:a target for cell therapy paradigms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2351-2354页

作者： Anna Badner brian j.Cummings Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCAUSA Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA

Although there is ample evidence that central nervous system progenitor pools respond to traumatic brain injury,the reported effects are variable and likely contribute to both recovery as well as *** a better understanding of the diverse progenitor populations in the adult brain and their niche-specific reactions to traumatic insult,treatments can be tailo red to enhance the benefits and dampen the deleterious effects of this *** review provides an overview of endogenous precursors,the associated effects on cognitive recovery,and the potential of exogenous cell therapeutics to modulate these endogenous repair *** the hippocampal dentate gyrus and subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles,more recently identified sites of adult neurogenesis,the meninges,as well as circumventricular organs,are also discussed as targets for endogenous ***,this review highlights that progenitor prolife ration alone is no longer a meaningful outcome and studies must strive to better chara cterize precursor spatial localization,transcriptional profile,morphology,and functional synaptic *** improved insight and a more targeted approach,the stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis remains a promising strategy for recovery following traumatic brain injury.

关键词： cell therapy endogenous repair neurogenic niche progenitors traumatic brain injury

The disruption of protein-protein interactions with co-chaperones and client substrates as a strategy towards Hsp90 inhibition

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第6期11卷 1446-1468页

作者： Michael A.Serwetnyk brian S.j.Blagg Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and DevelopmentUniversity of Notre DameIN 46556USA

The 90-kilo Dalton(kD) heat shock protein(Hsp90) is a ubiquitous,ATP-dependent molecular chaperone whose primary function is to ensure the proper folding of several hundred client protein *** many of these clients are overexpressed or become mutated during cancer progression,Hsp90 inhibition has been pursued as a potential strategy for cancer as one can target multiple oncoproteins and signaling pathways *** first discovered Hsp90 inhibitors,geldanamycin and radicicol,function by competitively binding to Hsp90’s N-terminal binding site and inhibiting its ATPase ***,most of these N-terminal inhibitors exhibited detrimental activities during clinical evaluation due to induction of the pro-survival heat shock response as well as poor selectivity amongst the four ***,alternative approaches to Hsp90 inhibition have been pursued and include C-terminal inhibition,isoform-selective inhibition,and the disruption of Hsp90 protein-protein *** the Hsp90 protein folding cycle requires the assembly of Hsp90 into a large heteroprotein complex,along with various co-chaperones and immunophilins,the development of small molecules that prevent assembly of the complex offers an alternative method of Hsp90 inhibition.

关键词： Hsp90 Protein-protein interactions Disruptors Natural products Small molecules Peptidomimetics

Circumcision reduces prostate cancer risk

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Asian journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 661-662页

作者： brian j Morris lake H Waskett School of Medical Sciences University of SydneySydney NSW 2006 Australia CircumcisionIndependent Reference and Commentary Service Manchester M26 1JR UK

There is a strong negative correlation between prostate cancer and circumcision rate across 181 countries （P〈0.0001）. Adding to the large protective effect of cir- cumcision seen in small studies over the past six decades, a recent large study in Seattle has shown a smaller protective effect. If verified by other large studies else- where, the finding would add to the wide array of benefits conferred by this safe, sim- ple procedure that is best performed in infancy.

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The practice of mine ventilation engineering

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2015年第2期25卷 165-169页

作者： Wallace Keith Prosser brian Stinnette j.Daniel Mine Ventilation Services Inc.

The practice of ventilation is continually evolving with new technological advances developed in the mining *** recent years the advances in diesel engine technologies,ventilation modeling software,and ventilation management capacities have redefined the historical methods used to evaluate *** advances re-evaluate previous methods used to calculate the airflow requirements for the dilution of diesel exhaust *** software has become an integral part of planning and developing ventilation systems in partnership with graphical mine design software packages to generate realistic representations of the *** advances in ventilation control strategies through remote sensors and monitoring capabilities have been developed to results in cost *** there has been much advancement in mine ventilation technology,the practices and basic ventilation principals enacted through the ventilation engineer cannot be placated with technological advances only.

关键词： Modern ventilation Ventilation on demand Diesel Airflow evaluation Monitoring system

Variable retention harvesting in Great Lakes mixed-pine forests: emulating a natural model in managed ecosystems

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 210-224页

作者： brian j.Palik Anthony W.D’Amato USDA Forest Service Northern Research StationGrand RapidsMN 55744USA Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05095USA.

Variable retention harvesting(VRH)systems have gained wide use in many different forest types across the globe,but largely have been implemented in forests characterized by severe,infrequent disturbance *** has been less attention given to developing VRH approaches in forests that are characterized as having a mixed-severity disturbance regime that often results in only partial mortality of canopy trees in spatially heterogeneous *** example of such a forest type is red pine(Pinus resinosa Ait.)-dominated ecosystem of the western Great Lakes region of North *** purpose of this review is to provide a conceptual foundation for developing VRH approaches in red pine ecosystems that are based on a mixed-severity disturbance *** contention is that red pine forests managed following a natural model are more resilient to disturbances and external threats such as climate *** the red pine ecosystem,VRH application should reflect the often severe,but partial canopy removal from natural disturbance that is characteristic of this ecosystem and that results in more than trivial numbers of surviving overstory trees across a range of spatial configurations in regenerating *** live trees should span a range of diameters,but favor the larger end of the diameter distribution,as this reflects the likely pattern of survival after natural disturbance and is often a key structural element lacking from managed *** should be applied in ways that vary the spatial pattern of legacy trees in and among stands,but largely in ways that reflect the pattern of spatially patchy canopy structure,with large openings surrounded by a less disturbed matrix,as occurs with a natural disturbance *** trees and deadwood structures should reflect the composition of the pre-disturbance forest,including species in addition to dominant red ***,retained structures should be viewed as dynamic entities that grow,die,and decay and that need

关键词： Red pine Mixed-severity Variable retention Natural disturbance

Molecular mechanisms of liver ischemia reperfusion injury:Insights from transgenic knockout models

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第11期19卷 1683-1698页

作者： Gourab Datta Barry j Fuller brian R Davidson Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Unit Division of Surgery and Interventional ScienceRoyal Free CampusUniversity College LondonRoyal Free Hampstead NHS Trust HospitalLondon NW 2QGUnited Kingdom

Ischemia reperfusion injury is a major obstacle in liver resection and liver transplantation *** the mechanisms of liver ischemia reperfusion injury(IRI) and developing strategies to counteract this injury will therefore reduce acute complications in hepatic resection and transplantation,as well as expanding the potential pool of usable donor *** initial liver injury is initiated by reactive oxygen species which cause direct cellular injury and also activate a cascade of molecular mediators leading to microvascular changes,increased apoptosis and acute inflammatory changes with increased hepatocyte *** adaptive pathways are activated during reperfusion that reduce the reperfusion *** involves a complex interplay between neutrophils,natural killer T-cells cells,CD4+ T cell subtypes,cytokines,nitric oxide synthases,haem oxygenase-1,survival kinases such as the signal transducer and activator of transcription,Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/Akt and nuclear factor κβ *** animals,particularly genetic knockout models,have become a powerful tool at elucidating mechanisms of liver ischaemia reperfusion injury and are complementary to pharmacological *** disruption of the protein at the genetic level is more specific and maintained than pharmacological inhibitors or stimulants of the same *** article reviews the evidence from knockout models of liver IRI about the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying liver IRI.

关键词： Liver Ischemia/reperfusion Transgenic Knockout Nitric oxide synthase Haem oxygenase Mitogen-activated protein kinase T cell receptor

Local and global methods in representations of Hecke algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第2期61卷 207-226页

作者： jie Du brian j.Parshall Leonard L.Scott School of Mathematics and Statistics University of New South Wales(UNSW) Department of Mathematics University of Virginia

This paper aims at developing a "local-global" approach for various types of finite dimensional algebras, especially those related to Hecke algebras. The eventual intention is to apply the methods and applications developed here to the cross-characteristic representation theory of finite groups of Lie type. We first review the notions of quasi-hereditary and stratified algebras over a Noetherian commutative ring. We prove that many global properties of these algebras hold if and only if they hold locally at every prime ideal. When the commutative ring is sufficiently good, it is often sufficient to check just the prime ideals of height at most one. These methods are applied to construct certain generalized q-Schur algebras, proving they are often quasi-hereditary(the "good" prime case) but always stratified. Finally, these results are used to prove a triangular decomposition matrix theorem for the modular representations of Hecke algebras at good primes. In the bad prime case, the generalized q-Schur algebras are at least stratified, and a block triangular analogue of the good prime case is proved, where the blocks correspond to Kazhdan-Lusztig cells.

关键词： quasi-hereditary algebra stratified algebra Hecke algebra Schur algebra left cell endomorphism algebra exact category height one prime

Geant4 applications for modeling molecular transport in complex vacuum geometries

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International journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第2期5卷 53-64页

作者： jack Singal j.brian Langton Rafe Schindler Department of Physics University of Richmond Gottwald Center for the Sciences 28 Westhampton DriveRichmondVA 23173 Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University Menlo Park CA 94025

We discuss a novel use of the Geant4 simulation toolkit to model molecular transport in a vacuum environment,in the molecular flow *** Geant4 toolkit was originally developed by the high energy physics community to simulate the interactions of elemen-tary particles within complex detector *** its capabilities are utilized to model molecular vacuum transport in geometries where other techniques are *** techniques are verified with an application representing a simple vacuum geometry that has been studied previously both analytically and by basic Monte Carlo *** discuss the use of an application with a very complicated geometry,that of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope camera cryostat,to determine probabilities of transport of contaminant molecules to optical surfaces where control of contamination is crucial.

关键词： Gas flow dynamics Monte Carlo methods vacuum systems pumping sys-tems contamination sources