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Osteoblast-restricted Disruption of the Growth Hormone Receptor in Mice Results in Sexually Dimorphic Skeletal Phenotypes

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Bone Research 2013年第1期1卷 85-97页

作者： Vandana Singhal brian C.Goh Mary L.Bouxsein Marie-Claude Faugere Douglas j.DiGirolamo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Albert B.Chandler Medical Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Growth hormone （GH） exerts profound anabolic actions during postnatal skeletal development, in part, through stimulating the production of insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1） in liver and skeletal tissues. To examine the requirement for the GH receptor （GHR） in osteoblast function in bone, we used Cre-LoxP methods to disrupt the GHR from osteoblasts, both in vitro and in vivo. Disruption of GHR from primary calvarial osteoblasts in vitro abolished GH-induced signaling, as assessed by j.K2/STAT5 phosphorylation, and abrogated GH-induced proliferative and anti-apoptotic actions. Osteoblasts lacking GHR exhibited reduced IGF-l-induced Erk and Akt phosphorylation and attenuated IGF-1-induced proliferation and anti-apoptotic action. In addition, differentiation was modestly impaired in osteoblasts lacking GHR, as demonstrated by reduced alkaline phosphatase staining and calcium deposition. In order to determine the requirement for the GHR in bone in vivo, we generated mice lacking the GHR specifically in osteoblasts （△GHR）, which were born at the expected Mendelian frequency, had a normal life span and were of normal size. Three week-old, female AGHR mice had significantly reduced osteoblast numbers, consistent with the in vitro data. By six weeks of age however, female AGHR mice demonstrated a marked increase in osteoblasts, although mineralization was impaired; a phenotype similar to that observed previously in mice lacking IGF-1R specifically in osteoblasts. The most striking phenotype occurred in male mice however, where disruption of the GHR from osteoblasts resulted in a ＂feminization＂ of bone geometry in 16 week-old mice, as observed by faCT. These results demonstrate that the GHR is required for normal postnatal bone development in both sexes. GH appears to serve a primary function in modulating local IGF-1 action. However, the changes in bone geometry observed in male AGHR mice suggest that, in addition to facilitating IGF-1 action, GH may function to a greater

关键词： growth hormone osteoblasts knockout mice bone sexual dimorphism

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Pain and Radiographic Outcomes in Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients Using a Scoliosis Activity Suit: An 18-Month Case Controlled Chart Review

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International j.urnal of Clinical Medicine 2015年第9期6卷 597-604页

作者： Mark W. Morningstar Aatif Siddiqui Clayton j. Stitzel brian Dovorany Natural Wellness &Pain Relief Center Grand Blanc MI USA Esprit Wellness New York NY USA Lancaster Spinal Health Center Lititz PA USA Posture & Spine Care Center Green Bay WI USA

There are few conservative treatment options for patients with adult idiopathic scoliosis. These typically include pharmacologic pain management, epidural inj.ctions, and generalized CAM treatments such as massage and chiropractic manipulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the post-treatment results in patients wearing the scoliosis activity suit versus baseline assessments as well as adult scoliosis patients who did not wear the activity suit. The pain and Cobb angle outcomes of 53 consecutive patients with adult idiopathic scoliosis following a trial of a scoliosis activity suit were reviewed. The average scores and measurements at 18 months were statistically significantly improved for both the quadruple numerical pain rating scale as well as Cobb angle. The scoliosis activity suit may be a viable supportive therapy for the treatment of chronic pain associated with adult idiopathic scoliosis. Further prospective studies should evaluate treatment effects of this suit using intent-to-treat methodology.

关键词： Scoliosis Pain Spine Rehabilitation

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Examination of Sexually Dimorphic Behavior on the Novel-Image Novel-Location Recognition Memory Test

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j.urnal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第3期1卷 134-139页

作者： brian j. Piper Alia L. Yasen j.remy K. Miller 不详

Obj.ctives: Sex differences in obj.ct location memory favoring females appear to be a replicable phenomenon but may also depend on the task demands. This investigation evaluated if females outperformed males at both a short (immediate) and long (half-hour) interval between the learn and test condition using a recently developed version of the Novel-Image Novel-Location (NINL) test (Piper et al. 2011, Physiology & Behavior, 103, 513 - 522). Methods: Young-adults (N = 184) completed a standardized handedness inventory and the NINL. Results: Participants assigned to the Immediate and Delayed conditions did not differ in age, sex, or handedness. The NINL total score was higher among females at the Immediate, but not Delayed, interval. However, within the Delayed condition, females excelled at correctly identifying the unchanged items with a similar pattern for the Novel-Location (NL) scale. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with the view that sexually dimorphic performance favoring females in neurocognitive function can also extend to tasks that have a spatial component.

关键词： Apolipoprotein E Female Learning Memory

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Switching O-O bond formation mechanism between WNA and I2M pathways by modifying the Ru-bda backbone ligands of water-oxidation catalysts

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 815-821页

作者： Biaobiao Zhang Shaoqi Zhan Tianqi Liu Linqin Wang A.Ken Inge Lele Duan brian j.j.Timmer Oleksandr Kravchenko Fei Li Marten S.G.Ahlquist Licheng Sun Department of Chemistry KTH Royal Institute of Technology10044 StockholmSweden Department of Theoretical Chemistry&Biology School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of Technology10691 StockholmSweden Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen 518055GuangdongChina State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Institute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT–KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular DevicesDalian University of Technology(DUT)Dalian 116024LiaoningChina

Understanding the seven coordination and O-O coupling pathway of the distinguished Ru-bda catalysts is essential for the development of next generation efficient water-oxidation catalysts based on earthabundant *** work reports the synthesis,characterization and catalytic properties of a monomeric ruthenium catalyst Ru-bnda(H2 bnda=2,2’-bi(nicotinic acid)-6,6’-dicarboxylic acid)featuring steric hindrance and enhanced hydrophilicity on the *** experimental evidence with systematic density functional theory calculations on the Ru-bnda and related catalysts Ru-bda(H_(2)bda=2,2’-bipyridine-6,6’-dicarboxylic acid),Ru-pda(H_(2)pda=1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid),and Ru-biqa(H_(2)biqa=(1,1’-biisoquinoline)-3,3’-dicarboxylic acid),we emphasized that seven coordination clearly determines presence of Ru^(Ⅴ)=O with high spin density on the ORu^(Ⅴ)=O atom,*** with radical properties,which is one of the necessary conditions for reacting through the O-O coupling ***,an additional factor to make the condition sufficient is the favorable intermolecular faceto-face interaction for the generation of the pre-reactive[Ru^(Ⅴ)=O…O=Ru^(Ⅴ)],which may be significantly influenced by the secondary coordination *** work provides a new understanding of the structure-activity relationship of water-oxidation catalysts and their potential to adopt I2M pathway for O-O bond formation.

关键词： Water oxidation Oxygen evolution Ruthenium O-O bond formation

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Tye &Sardi’s Psychological, Psychosocial, and Psychosexual Aspects of Penile Circumcision*

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2022年第3期12卷 65-83页

作者： Stefan A. Bailis Stephen Moreton j.hn N. Krieger brian j. Morris Cornerstone Therapy & Recovery Center St. Paul Minnesota USA CircFacts Warrington UK Department of Urology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle USA School of Medical Sciences University of Sydney Sydney Australia

Tye and Sardi recently reviewed the evidence purporting to implicate male circumcision, especially when performed early in infancy, in psychological problems in men. Here we provide a critical evaluation to determine the veracity of their evidence and claims. Missing from their review were critiques pointing out fundamental flaws in key studies. We argue that psychological stress in some men may be caused by anti-circumcision propaganda telling them that they are victims of “genital mutilation”, a term adopted from dissimilar female practices in particular ethnic groups. Sexual dissatisfaction results. We critically discuss claims about foreskin “gliding”, the eccentric foreskin-related sexual practice of “docking”, and the use of lubricant in masturbation. We further find that a study claiming to show numerous differences in socio-affective processing in men circumcised as neonates stem from statistically flawed and one-sided data that has been misinterpreted, and in fact shows the opposite of the hypothesis that psychological problems in some men can be attributed to the pain of their circumcision as newborns. Importantly, since the brain regions responsible for empathy, namely subcortical gray matter and white matter in frontal and parietal regions, were similar in neonatally circumcised and uncircumcised men, the null hypothesis remains null. In conclusion, we find no compelling evidence to support newborn circumcision pain being responsible for psychological problems in neonatally circumcised men. Men who come to believe that they are victims of their infant circumcision are in actual fact likely victims of false claims perpetrated by activist community groups with trenchant opposition to circumcision.

关键词： Sexual Function Psychology Male Sexual Health Anti-Circumcision

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Radiographic, Pain, and Functional Outcomes in an Adult Post-Fusion Patient Using a Scoliosis Activity Suit: Comparative Results after 8 Months

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International j.urnal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第4期7卷 265-269页

作者： Mark W. Morningstar brian Dovorany Clayton j. Stitzel Aatif Siddiqui Natural Wellness & Pain Relief Center Grand Blanc MI USA Posture & Spine Care Center Green Bay WI USA Lancaster Spinal Health Center Lititz PA USA Esprit Wellness New York NY USA

There are few conservative treatment options for adult patients with idiopathic scoliosis who are status post-fusion surgery. These typically include pharmacologic pain management, epidural inj.ctions, and generalized CAM treatments such as massage and chiropractic manipulation in the non-fused areas of the spine. The purpose of this study was to compare the post-treatment results in an adult post-fusion patient who wore a scoliosis activity suit for 8 months. Pain was evaluated using a quadruple visual analog scale (QVAS), while function was measured using an SRS-22r questionnaire. After 8 months of wearing the scoliosis activity suit, her pain scores improved, here SRS-22r improved, and a significant correction in radiographic Cobb angle was observed. This case report is the first to document a Cobb angle change in an adult patient wearing a scoliosis activity suit who is status post-fusion. Given that pain and dysfunction are primary reasons for scoliosis treatment in the adult population, more studies need to address the disparity between available treatments for adult scoliosis and the incidence of adult scoliosis, especially in the post-meno-pausal population. Future prospective studies should consider evaluating treatment effects of this suit using intent-to-treat methodology.

关键词： Chiropractic Pain Rehabilitation Scoliosis Spine

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Performance Testing of Tractor Hydraulic Fluids to Simulate In-Use Conditions

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润滑油 2010年第6期25卷 28-32,48页

作者： brian j.Bentley Southwest Research Institute U.S.A.

Tractor hydraulic fluids are tested to maximize their performance levels and to ensure manufacturer′s standards are *** tractor hydraulic fluid tests include: Gear Wear Protection,Brake Chatter Reduction,Wet-Clutch Capacity,and Pump Performance *** tests are run by Southwest Research Institute,in the U.S.A.,for tractors built by j.hn Deere and Case-New *** paper details current methods for evaluating tractor hydraulic *** tests that are described utilize full size equipment and were developed by the tractor′s original equipment manufacturers(OEMs).

关键词： Use Conditions Hydraulic Fluids Testing hydraulic fluids performance Pump Performance methods for Research levels paper OEMs Case Wet New

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Dietary nano chromium picolinate can ameliorate some of the impacts of heat stress in cross-bred sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 198-205页

作者： Alex T.Hung brian j.Leury Matthew A.Sabin Fahri Fahri Kristy DiGiacomo Tu-Fa Lien Frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Murdoch Children's Research Institute The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Department of Animal Science National Chiayi UniversityChina Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUnited Kingdom

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of nano chromium picolinate(nCrPic)during heat stress(HS)in *** the initial study,36 Merino×Poll cross-bred sheep were individually penned and allocated to 3 dietary treatments(0,400 and 800μg/kg nCrPic)for 8 *** composition was determined at the beginning and end of the experiment using dual energy X-ray *** sheep remained in their dietary groups but were then placed in metabolic cages and randomly allocated within the dietary group to differing ambient temperature regimes,i.e.,thermo-neutral(TN)(n=18)and HS(n=18),for 3 *** nCrPic had no effect on growth performance and body composition during the initial study conducted under TN *** stress decreased average daily feed intake(ADFI)(P=0.002)whereas sheep under HS had reduced average daily gain(ADG)and indeed lost weight(P<0.001).Dietary nCrPic increased both ADFI(P=0.041)and ADG(P=0.049)under both TH and HS conditions such that the performance of sheep receiving supplemental nCrPic and exposed to HS was similar to that of control sheep maintained under TN *** stress increased rectal temperature(P<0.001)and respiration rate(P<0.001),particularly during the hottest parts of the day as indicated by interactions(P<0.001)between time of day and thermal *** temperature was lower in sheep fed nCrPic(P=0.050),particularly under peak HS conditions during the afternoon as indicated by the interactions between dietary nCrPic and time of day(P<0.001)and dietary nCrPic,thermal treat-ment and time of day(P=0.010).Similarly,respiration rate was lower in sheep fed nCrPic under peak HS conditions during the afternoon as indicated by the interactions between dietary nCrPic and thermal treatment(P<0.001)and dietary nCrPic and time of day(P=0.030).In conclusion,dietary nCrPic can partially ameliorate the negative effects of HS as indicated by the maintenance of ADFI and decreased physiological responses,such as elevatio

关键词： Chromium picolinate Sheep Heat stress Nanotechnology Physiology

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Some Thoughts on Tax Certainty

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax j.urnal 2021年第1期2卷 91-103页

作者： brian j.Arnold Canadian Tax Foundation

The G20/OECD BEPS Proj.ct has resulted in many changes to both domestic law and tax treaties,including the adoption of anti-hybrid rules,earningsstripping rules to restrict the deduction of interest expenses,enhanced transfer pricing rules and a multilateral treaty modifying hundreds of tax treaty *** extensive changes led to calls from both taxpayers and governments for enhancements to tax *** BRITACOM has embraced these calls for enhanced tax certainty and made it one of its priority action *** article puts current discussions about tax certainty into a broader context of the international tax *** describes the nature and importance of tax certainty as a fundamental tax policy goal as well as the frequent conflicts between certainty and fairness in designing tax legislation and reviews the recent work of the IMF,the OECD and the BRITACOM on tax *** article then explores the maj.r sources of uncertainty,including deficiencies in tax legislation and tax administration,and discusses some methods for improving tax certainty for developing countries,including drafting better tax legislation,streamlining tax administration and adopting more efficient dispute-resolution mechanisms.

关键词： Tax certainty Policy goal

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Cardiac tamponade due to group a streptococcal pericarditis in a 10-month-old boy and a review of the literature

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Open j.urnal of Pediatrics 2011年第4期1卷 87-89页

作者： Matthew C. Schwartz Matthew j. Gillespie Paul Stephens brian Fisher 不详

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a rare cause of purulent pericarditis in pediatric patients as only 7 cases have been reported. We present a 10-month-old boy who developed cardiac tamponade from GAS and was successfull... 详细信息

关键词： Streptococcus Pericarditis Pericardiocentesis Tamponade

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