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CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish systemic immunosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim Yu Sun Jeong Geon ho Bae Ji hyeon Kang Mingyu Lee brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik Bae Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of health Science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicemia-related systemic immune suppression remain *** this study,using an experimental sepsis model that features immunosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to systemic immune suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit impaired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chemotactic migration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow during experimental sepsis,and recombinant CD200 treatment in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction similar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** administration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the administration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that mediates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced systemic immunosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor h Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul Madley-Dowd harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of health and human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIhR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,phat was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,phiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

胃复安肠外给药治疗急性偏头痛:多项随机对照试验的汇总分析

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第2期8卷 130-130页

作者： lan Colman Michael D Brown Grant D Innes Eric Grafstein Ted E Roberts brian h rowe 朱丽琳

目的：通过分析多项对照试验结果，评价胃复安肠外给药对于成人急性偏头痛的疗效和患者耐受性。资料来源：Cochrane对照试验中心注册材料，Medline，Embase，LILACS，CINAhL，会议记录，临床实践指南及其他资源。

关键词：急性偏头痛随机对照试验胃复安汇总分析肠外药治疗 Cochrane Medline 临床实践指南试验结果资料来源耐受性

Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine:What has Changed Over the Past 20 Years

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广州中医药大学学报 2024年第10期41卷 2555-2567页

作者： Charlie Changli Xue Anthony Lin Zhang brian h May Louise Pobjoy Iris Wenyu Zhou RMIT University MelbourneAustralia

Chinese medicine has been used for centuries to treat a range of health *** history has produced a wealth of classical literature,case studies and clinical research data detailing its use and ***,high-quality and conclusive evidence that meets modern requirements for clinical decision support is *** evidence gap limits the integration of Chinese medicine with contemporary medicine,which in turn limits global access and acceptance of Chinese medicine as a form of safe and effective health *** the past 20 years,researchers and organisations around the world,including the World health Organization(WhO)and United Nations,have worked to support the integration of traditional medicines,such as Chinese medicine,with conventional medicines to improve global health *** paper provides an overview of Chinese medicine studies published in the top four general medical journals(BMJ,JAMA,Lancet and New England Journal of Medicine)from February 2005 to February 2024 in the past 20 years to highlight the progress in the development of this evidence *** also highlights key actions taken to promote evidence-based clinical Chinese medicine,including product and practitioner regulation,formalising education standards,and international *** conducted at the China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine demonstrates the benefits of such a *** development of its unique and inclusive‘whole-evidence’approach,plus clinical studies and systematic reviews,the Centre has significantly contributed to the evidence base for clinical Chinese *** addition,its high-impact papers and groundbreaking monographs have been cited in international conventional medicine *** progress has certainly been made during the past 20 years to build a stronger evidence base for clinical Chinese medicine,there is still a considerable gap that limits its integration with conventional medic

关键词： evidence-based medicine traditional Chinese medicine whole-evidence approach integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine integrative medicine China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine

Circumcision reduces prostate cancer risk

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 661-662页

作者： brian J Morris lake h Waskett School of Medical Sciences University of SydneySydney NSW 2006 Australia CircumcisionIndependent Reference and Commentary Service Manchester M26 1JR UK

There is a strong negative correlation between prostate cancer and circumcision rate across 181 countries （P〈0.0001）. Adding to the large protective effect of cir- cumcision seen in small studies over the past six decades, a recent large study in Seattle has shown a smaller protective effect. If verified by other large studies else- where, the finding would add to the wide array of benefits conferred by this safe, sim- ple procedure that is best performed in infancy.

关键词： INFECTION

Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology,prevention, and surveillance strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第6期25卷 659-671页

作者： brian M Fung Keith D Lindor James h Tabibian UCLA-Olive View Internal Medicine Residency Program Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Office of the University Provost Arizona State University Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-UCLA Medical Center

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease characterized by progressive fibroinflammatory destruction of the intra-and/or extrahepatic biliary ducts. While its features and disease course can be variable,most patients with PSC have concurrent inflammatory bowel disease and will eventually develop liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, with liver transplantation representing the only potentially curative option. Importantly,PSC is associated with a significantly increased risk of malignancy compared to the general population, mainly cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma,hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of deaths in patients with PSC being due to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are needed, though uncertainty remains regarding how to best do so. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evidence is limited, we present pragmatic approaches based on currently available data and expert opinion.

关键词： Bile duct diseases Cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma hepatocellular carcinoma Colorectal cancer Chemoprotection Inflammatory bowel disease

Growth factors for therapeutic angiogenesis in hypercholesterolemic erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第1期10卷 23-27页

作者： Donghua Xie brian h. Annex Craig F. Donatucci Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA Division of Cardiology and Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA Division of Urology Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA

The past decade has seen an explosion of new information on the physiology of penile erection, and pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction （ED）. hypercholesterolemia is a chronic condition that can lead to degeneration in the vasculature bed and can result in ED if the penile vasculature is involved. Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels from preexisting vasculature. Therapeutic angiogenesis seeks to harness the mechanisms of vascular growth to treat disorders of inadequate tissue perfusion, such as coronary artery disease and ED. There have been tremendous changes in the field of therapeutic angiogenesis over the past decade, and there is much promise for the future. Initial preclinical work with cytokine growth factor delivery resulted in a great deal of enthusiasm for the treatment of ischemic heart and/or peripheral vascular disease, though clinical studies have not achieved similar success. With an increased understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in angiogenesis, novel therapies which target multiple different angiogenic pathways are also being developed and tested. The penis is a convenient tissue target for gene therapy because of its external location and accessibility, the ubiquity of endothelial lined spaces, and low level of blood flow, especially in the flaccid state. Therapeutic angiogenesis is an exciting field that continues to evolve. This review will focus on the development of growth factors for hypercholesterolemic ED, the use of various growth factors for ED therapy, their routes of delivery, and the results in animal studies.

关键词： erectile dysfunction hypercholesterolemia angiogenic growth factors nitric oxide synthase

Scale dependence of direct shear tests

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第23期54卷 4337-4348页

作者： ZhOU Qiang ShEN hayley h hELENBROOK brian T ZhANG hongWu Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5710 USA Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5725 USA

Direct shear test has been widely used to measure the shear strength of soils and other particulate materials in industry because of its simplicity. however, the results can be dependent on the specimen size. The ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) publications suggest that for testing soils the shear box should be at least ten times the diameter of the largest particle and the height of the box should be no more than half of its diameter. These guidelines are empirically based. A series of two-dimensional numerical direct shear tests are performed to investigate this scaling effect. By analyzing the bulk friction, particle translation and rotation, percentage of sliding, average volume (area) and shear strain and the evolution of the shear band, we find that the traditional guidelines for direct shear tests are questionable. Scaling dependency of bulk friction on the property of granular materials is clearly present. Our current analysis points out that the scaling effects can vary significantly depending on the particle properties other than their sizes. Of all the parameters we observed, particle rotation appears to have a decisive correlation with the bulk friction. Formation of a shear band is universal. As the shearing progresses, particle rotation begins to concentrate near the shear plane. By defining the width of a shear band as the standard deviation of the distribution of translational gradient or the standard deviation of the distribution of particle rotation, quantitative evolutions of shear band are presented. Both measures of the shear band width dropped rapidly during pre-failure stage. After peak stress both measures begin to approach steady state as the bulk friction stabilizes to the residual stage. These observations suggest that structure formation inside the shear band controls the scaling effect.

关键词：直接剪切试验测试土力学土工试验

Mapping microstructure to shock-induced temperature fields using deep learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 516-523页

作者： Chunyu Li Juan Carlos Verduzco brian h.Lee Robert J.Appleton Alejandro Strachan School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The response of materials to shock loading is important to planetary science,aerospace engineering,and energetic *** activated processes,including chemical reactions and phase transitions,are significantly accelerated by energy localization into *** result from the interaction of the shockwave with the materials’microstructure and are governed by complex,coupled processes,including the collapse of porosity,interfacial friction,and localized plastic *** mechanisms are not fully understood and the lack of models limits our ability to predict shock to detonation transition from chemistry and microstructure *** demonstrate that deep learning can be used to predict the resulting shock-induced temperature fields in composite materials obtained from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with the initial microstructure as the only *** accuracy of the Microstructure-Informed Shock-induced Temperature net(MISTnet)model is higher than the current state of the art and its evaluation requires a fraction of the computation cost.

关键词： microstructure Microstructure friction