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煤炭转化 1981年第2期 29-35+28页

作者： brian m.harney,g.alex mills,祝岳民美国能源部美国能源部

当甲醇合成工艺同莫比尔的甲醇一汽油方法相结合时,从煤得到的合成气可制成高辛烷汽油。这个结合看来可与氢化液化相抗衡。

关键词：莫比尔雷德蒸汽压汽油燃料油合成气合成氨生产液体燃料

Emerging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： brian m.Lozinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong Department of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparment of Biochemistry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are key processes that mediate the development and progression of neurological ***,the mechanisms modulating these processes in different diseases remain incompletely *** in single cell based multi-omic analyses have helped to identify distinct molecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system(CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(gal3),aβ-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive microglia/macrophages in the CNS during various neurological *** gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflammatory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight gal3 as a prominent regulator of inflammation and neuroaxonal damage in the CNS during diseases such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we summarize the pleiotropic functions of gal3 and discuss evidence that demonstrates its detrimental role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting gal3 in the human CNS.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease galectin 3 microglia multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

聚乳酸无纺布环保PDA类阻燃剂的制备与研究

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聚乳酸无纺布环保PDA类阻燃剂的制备与研究

作者： brian Branch 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

石油基聚合物的降解以及其火安全性能是当今世界面临的关键挑战。这是由于石油基聚合物应用广泛,在使用后难以降解,会导致严重的环境污染问题。此外,石油基聚合物大多易燃,易引发火灾对人类的生命安全造成威胁。因此解决这些问题显得相... 详细信息

石油基聚合物的降解以及其火安全性能是当今世界面临的关键挑战。这是由于石油基聚合物应用广泛,在使用后难以降解,会导致严重的环境污染问题。此外,石油基聚合物大多易燃,易引发火灾对人类的生命安全造成威胁。因此解决这些问题显得相当紧迫,需要我们提出能够同时平衡材料环保与阻燃性能的创新解决方案。对于聚合物的降解问题,一种潜在的解决方案是利用和开发同时具有生物安全性和可生物降解的生物基聚合物。然而,相较于石油基聚合物,这些替代品往往在某些方面有性能缺陷（如力学性能et al）。因此,对这些生物基聚合物的研究需要同时兼顾其环境友好的优点并改善其对应性能的缺陷。而在阻燃性能方面,传统的阻燃剂（如含卤阻燃剂）,已被证明具有良好的阻燃效果,但由于其会产生毒副产物,存在环境与健康隐患,因此将开发新型安全无卤的磷系阻燃剂以代替传统的卤系阻燃剂。本研究通过将聚多巴胺（PDA）和磷系阻燃剂应用在聚乳酸（PLA）无纺布,为解决上述问题做出了一定贡献。通过实验发现,PDA涂层与磷系化合物的同时应用可显著提高PLA织物的阻燃性能,且涂层同样具有较高的生物安全性且对环境影响较小。此外,这项工作还凸现了PDA涂层可在PLA中快速高效应用的潜力。主要成果如下:本论文的第一部分是聚多巴胺和磷基化合物THPO作为关键阻燃剂的应用。通过喷雾共沉积方法将THPO引入到聚多巴胺基质中。这种方法显著增强了涂层织物的耐火性。极限氧指数（LOI）从对照织物的18%增加到27.5%。此外,UL-94测试的损坏长度从9.5厘米减少到7.5厘米。值得注意的是,熔体滴落性能得到增强,在测试过程中没有观察到火焰滴落。此外,热重分析显示THPO促进了适度的炭形成。仅存在聚多巴胺涂层时,样品的总烟雾产生量和烟雾产生速率均显着降低,导致Fig RA值从22.2 k W/m2s降低至14.7 k W/m2s;进一步凸显了该方法的有效性。抗紫外线测试显示,20小时内涂层样品的质量平均损失1.5%,而对照PLA织物的质量损失超过15%。本研究的第二部分重点是使用聚多巴胺作为功能涂层和聚磷酸铵（APP）作为磷基阻燃剂,在PLA织物表面形成称为PDA-Cu-APP的金属络合物。这种创新方法证明了进一步增强了织物的耐火性能,熔体滴落性能得到改善,在UL-94垂直燃烧测试中未观察到熔滴。极限氧指数（LOI）从对照PLA的18%显着增加至29.2%。此外,热重分析表明,炭残留物从对照PLA织物的1.5%增加到9.0%。Fig RA值从22.2 k W/m2s降低至14.7 k W/m2s,降低了33%。涂层中的PDA组分显着提高了抗紫外线性能,降低了质量损失率,紫外老化后涂层织物的拉伸强度是对照PLA织物的4倍。总之,本研究将生物基聚多巴胺涂层与磷基阻燃剂相结合以增强PLA织物的防火安全性,保持了环境可持续性目标的可行性。这些发现为未来开发生物基聚合物材料阻燃解决方案的研究提供了有效的途径。

关键词：阻燃剂聚多巴胺聚乳酸聚磷酸铵三(羟甲基)膦氧化物无纺布

Finding the magnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse method

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong Jung brian Walsh David g.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Department of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside magnetopause is attributed to magnetic reconnection,a fundamental process that enables the transfer of mass,energy,and momentum from the solar wind into the *** spatial and temporal properties of the magnetopause,under varying solar and magnetospheric conditions,remain largely unknown because empirical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)imaging is the only means to simultaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasma properties over the vast dayside magnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from the interplanetary medium into the terrestrial *** upcoming missions,ESA/CAS SmILE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field imagery of the dayside magnetosheath in soft X-rays,an emission generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dimensional observations of the magnetosheath will allow the estimation of dynamic properties of its inner boundary,the magnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estimation approach based on inverse theory to estimate the spatial distribution of magnetosheath soft X-ray emissivities and,with this,identify the location of the magnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we simulate the magnetosheath structure using the mHD-based OpenggCm model and generate synthetic soft X-ray images using LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estimations using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed methodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dimensional(3-D)estimation and the magnetopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： magnetopause soft X-ray tomography

New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environmental and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leighton Coates brian H.Davison James g.Elkins Xin gu Jennifer morrell-Falvey Hugh O'Neill Jeffrey m.Warren Eric m.Pierce Kenneth Herwig Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron methods in environmental and biological sciences is rapidly emerging and accelerating with the development of new instruments at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environmental and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynamics,plant-microbe interactions,structure and dynamics of biological systems,applications in synthetic biology and enzyme engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biomaterials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynamics of porous materials in *** provide an outlook on emerging opportunities with an emphasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** mission of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim to encourage researchers in the environmental and biological research community to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environment Biology Neutron imaging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

mesenchymal stem cell-based TRAIL delivery inhibits the metastatic state of clinical therapy-resistant progressive neuroblastoma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu Somasundaram Andrew maher Sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu brian mBesch Natarajan Aravindan Department of Radiation Oncology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Department of Pathology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biology Laboratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neuroblastomas(pNBs)that defy current intensive multimodal clinical therapy(ImCT)are a significant contributor to overall childhood cancer deaths[l].Neuroblastomas(NBs)that survive first-line ImCT actively evolve to acquire genetic and molecular rearrangements and display unparalleled plasticity and evolution,which causes frequent relapses in a rapidly accelerating timeline[2-4].

关键词： neuroblastoma clinical evolve

Advancements in endoscopic hemostasis for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 376-384页

作者： Xue Jing Li brian m Fung Department of gastroenterology and Hepatology Banner-University Medical Center PhoenixPhoenixAZ 85006United States

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal(gI)bleeding is a significant cause of morbidity and ***,through-the-scope(TTS)clips,thermal therapy,and injection therapies are used to treat gI *** this review,we provide an overview of novel endoscopic treatments that can be used to achieve ***,we discuss the efficacy and applicability of over-thescope clips,hemostatic agents,TTS doppler ultrasound,and endoscopic ultrasound,each of which offer an effective method of reducing rates of gI rebleeding.

关键词： Doppler probe Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopy techniques gastrointestinal bleeding Hemospray Hemostasis Hemostatic agents Over-the-scope clips Ovesco

1967~2033 nm波段硅基可调谐外腔半导体激光器设计与仿真

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中国激光 2024年第6期51卷 74-83页

作者：万浩然杨禹霖乔忠良李翔 Jia Xu brian Sia 余文军翁登群李再金李林陈浩赵志斌薄报学高欣曲轶刘重阳汪宏张宇牛智川海南师范大学物理与电子工程学院海南省激光技术与光电子功能材料重点实验室半导体激光海南省国际联合研究中心海南海口571158 新加坡南洋理工大学电气与电子工程学院新加坡639798 新加坡南洋理工大学淡马锡实验室新加坡637553 中国科学院半导体研究所半导体超晶格国家重点实验室北京100083 长春理工大学高功率半导体激光器国家重点实验室吉林长春130022

2μm波长附近可调谐半导体激光器在分子光谱学和光通信领域中有广阔的应用前景。基于绝缘体上硅(SOI)平台,对2μm波长附近可调谐半导体激光器的外腔部分进行了设计优化。分析了不同尺寸光波导的模式损耗特性、单个微环谐振腔受总线波导... 详细信息

2μm波长附近可调谐半导体激光器在分子光谱学和光通信领域中有广阔的应用前景。基于绝缘体上硅(SOI)平台,对2μm波长附近可调谐半导体激光器的外腔部分进行了设计优化。分析了不同尺寸光波导的模式损耗特性、单个微环谐振腔受总线波导耦合间距的作用以及总线波导光反馈终端对外腔半导体激光器性能的影响。并提出了一种具有高工艺兼容度的多模环形光波导光反馈结构。所设计的可调谐半导体激光器硅基外腔可通过环形波导上的镍铬合金微加热器进行0.1 nm/K的高精度调谐,对单个微加热器施加3.2 V电压时,调谐范围可达66 nm(1967~2033 nm)。

关键词：硅光集成可调谐外腔半导体激光器环形谐振腔光波导终端

Why and how to use the SeqCode

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Wiliam B.Whitman maria Chuvochina brian P.Hedlund Konstantinos T.Konstantinidis marike Palmer Luis m.Rodriguez-R lain Sutcliffe Fengping Wang Deparment of microbioogy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUAA Schoolof Chemistry and molecular Biosciences Australian CentreforEogenomicsThe Universty of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia University of Nevada Las Vegas Las VegasNevadaUSA Schol of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Department of microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNevadaUSA Department of microbiology and Digital Science Center(DiSC) University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria Faculty of Health&Life Sciences Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK School of Oceanography International Center for Deep Life InvestigationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

The SeqCode,formally called the Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data,is a new code of nomenclature in which genome sequences are the nomenclatural types for the names of prokaryotic *** similar to the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes(ICNP)in structure and rules of priority,it does not require the deposition of type strains in international culture ***,it allows for the formation of permanent names for uncultured prokaryotes whose nearly complete genome sequences have been obtained directly from environmental DNA as well as other prokaryotes that cannot be deposited in culture *** the diversity of uncultured prokaryotes greatly exceeds that of readily culturable prokaryotes,the SeqCode is the only code suitable for naming the majority of prokaryotic *** start date of the SeqCode was January 1,2022,and the online Registry(https://***)was created to ensure valid publication of *** SeqCode recognizes all names validly published under the ICNP before *** that date,names validly published under the SeqCode compete with ICNP names for *** a result,species can have only one name,either from the SeqCode or ICNP,enabling effective communication and the creation of unified taxonomies of uncultured and cultured *** SeqCode is administered by the SeqCode Committee,which is comprised of the SeqCode Community and elected administrative *** with an interest in the systematics of prokaryotes is encouraged to join the SeqCode Community and participate in the development of this resource.

关键词： genome sequences metagenome-assembled genomes nomenclature SeqCode

Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung brian m.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura michael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SmILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is *** assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open geospace general Circulation model(OpenggCm)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform and gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenggCm subsolar magnetopause location as ground *** method estimates RS with an accuracy of10 *** accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic *** method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI SmILE