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教学与研究 2002年第7期 32-37页

作者： brian A.ellison 郑红丛日云西南密苏里州大学政治学系

美国的环境政治和环境政策有其独特的思想观念、促成环境运动兴起的力量以及解决环境问题的一套独创性的政策建议。借鉴美国环境保护的经验。

关键词：美国环境政治环境政策环境保护环境保护法

Schottky Diode Technology at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

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Schottky Diode Technology at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Emerging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

2011 IEEE International Conference on Microwave Technology & Computational Electromagnetics(ICMTCE 2011)

作者： Byron Alderman Manju Henry Hoshiar Sanghera Simon Rea brian ellison Peter.de.Maagt STFC-Rutherford Appleton Laboratory OxfordshireUK European Space Agency NL 2200 AG NoodwijkThe Netherlands

Most parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are well understood and exploited,but the terahertz region between the microwave and infrared is still relatively under *** receiver applications are wide-ranging and cross-disciplinary,spanning the physical,biological,and medical *** this spectral region,Schottky diode technology is uniquely *** MMIC amplifiers are generally limited to frequencies less than ～200 GHz,above which their noise performance rapidly *** circuits,which require cooling,may not always be *** as varistor diodes （heterodyne mixing）,or varactor diodes （sub-millimetre power generation）,Schottky technology underpins terahertz receiver *** important developments have occurred in recent ***,the underpinning technology base has demonstrably *** Schottky diode technology has been shown to be practical at frequencies as high as 2,500 GHz,and frequency multipliers have been shown to be capable of generating 100s of mW at frequencies around ***,circuit designs can now be optimised theoretically with CAD electromagnetic structure simulators and non-linear analysis *** high-speed computer controlled mills,improved lithographic capabilities and micro-machining techniques also offer exciting new options for cavity and circuit *** paper describes the Schottky diode technology currently being developed at the Rutherford Appleton *** diode components are described as well as integrated diode/filter *** multiplier diode structures are reported which include novel substrate transfer techniques to reduce the effects of dielectric loading and self-heating.

关键词： About Terahertz Schottky Diode

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： brian M.Lozinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong Department of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparment of Biochemistry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are key processes that mediate the development and progression of neurological ***,the mechanisms modulating these processes in different diseases remain incompletely *** in single cell based multi-omic analyses have helped to identify distinct molecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system(CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(Gal3),aβ-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive microglia/macrophages in the CNS during various neurological *** Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflammatory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prominent regulator of inflammation and neuroaxonal damage in the CNS during diseases such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we summarize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that demonstrates its detrimental role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the human CNS.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Galectin 3 microglia multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

Brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signaling:Conserved and diversified functions of core genes across multiple plant species

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 72-100页

作者： brian Zebosi Erik Vollbrecht Norman B.Best Department of Genetics Development and Cell BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Interdepartmental Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research UnitColumbiaMO 65201USA

Brassinosteroids(BRs)are important regulators that control myriad aspects of plant growth and development,including biotic and abiotic stress responses,such that modulating BR homeostasis and signaling presents abundant opportunities for plant breeding and crop *** and other proteins involved in the biosynthesis and signaling of BRs are well understood from molecular genetics and phenotypic analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana;however,knowledge of the molecular functions of these genes in other plant species,especially cereal crop plants,is *** this manuscript,we comprehensively review functional studies of BR genes in Arabidopsis,maize,rice,Setaria,Brachypodium,and soybean to identify conserved and diversified functions across plant species and to highlight cases for which additional research is in *** performed phylogenetic analysis of gene families involved in the biosynthesis and signaling of BRs and re-analyzed publicly available transcriptomic *** trees coupled with expression data provide a valuable guide to supplement future research on BRs in these important crop species,enabling researchers to identify gene-editing targets for BR-related functional studies.

关键词： brassinosteroids maize rice Setaria soybean Brachypodium Arabidopsis

Estimation of secondary nucleation kinetics of benzoic acid in batch crystallizer

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 232-239页

作者： Yan Zhao Weiyuan Zhang Jinbo Ouyang Guangyang Hou Vamsi Krishna Kamaraju brian Glennon School of Chemical Engineering Hebei Normal University of Science and TechnologyQinhuangdao066004China Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre School of Chemical and Bioprocess EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices East China University of TechnologyNanchang330013China APC Ltd Dublin 4Ireland

The nucleation and growth kinetics of benzoic acid were determined in a population balance model,describing the seeded batch antisolvent crystallization *** process analytical technologies(PATs)were utilized to record the evolution of chord length distributions(CLDs)in solid phase together with the concentration decay in liquid phase,which provided essential experimental information for parameter *** model was solved using standard method of moments based on the moments calculated from CLDs and solute concentration.A developed model,incorporating the nucleation and crystal growth as functions of both supersaturation and solvent composition,has been constructed by fitting the zeroth moment of particles and concentration *** determined kinetic parameters were consequently validated against a new experiment with a different flow rate,indicating that the developed model predicted crystallization process reasonably *** work illustrates the strategy in construct a population balance model for further simulation,model-based optimization and control studies of benzoic acid in antisolvent crystallization.

关键词： Benzoic acid Antisolvent crystallization Population balance equation Nucleation Growth

Scene text recognition via dual character counting-aware visual and semantic modeling network

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 313-314页

作者： Ke XIAO Anna ZHU brian Kenji IWANA Cheng-Lin LIU School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University of Technology Human Interface Laboratory Kyushu University State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Scene text recognition(STR) is drawing increasing attention nowadays due to its wide application in real life. Character counting information, as auxiliary information, has been shown to be effective in boosting text ... 详细信息

关键词： Decoding

Response of Rice Growth and Nutrient Absorption in a SalineAlkali Paddy to Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 245-250,I0011-I0017页

作者： WANG Xinyi ZHU Hui YAN Baixing brian SHUTES ZENG Yuan Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Changchun 130102China Department of Natural Sciences Middlesex UniversityHendonLondonNW44BTUK Xingkaihu Branch Office of Heilongjiang Agriculture Co. LTDJixi 158325China

Nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and carbon(C)are essential nutrients for rice growth and development,but the response of nutrient absorption by rice plants to different types of nitrogen fertilizer(N-fertilizer)under saline-alkali conditions is *** study conducted a 147-day field-scale experiment to evaluate rice biomass and nutrient absorption capacity with five N-fertilizer *** results showed that the biomass.

关键词： Nutrient Alkali alkali

Finding the magnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse method

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： Gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong Jung brian Walsh David G.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Department of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA Geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside magnetopause is attributed to magnetic reconnection,a fundamental process that enables the transfer of mass,energy,and momentum from the solar wind into the *** spatial and temporal properties of the magnetopause,under varying solar and magnetospheric conditions,remain largely unknown because empirical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)imaging is the only means to simultaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasma properties over the vast dayside magnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from the interplanetary medium into the terrestrial *** upcoming missions,ESA/CAS SMILE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field imagery of the dayside magnetosheath in soft X-rays,an emission generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dimensional observations of the magnetosheath will allow the estimation of dynamic properties of its inner boundary,the magnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estimation approach based on inverse theory to estimate the spatial distribution of magnetosheath soft X-ray emissivities and,with this,identify the location of the magnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we simulate the magnetosheath structure using the MHD-based OpenGGCM model and generate synthetic soft X-ray images using LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estimations using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed methodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dimensional(3-D)estimation and the magnetopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： magnetopause soft X-ray tomography

Robotic reconstructive surgery: The time has arrived

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 339-340,F0002页

作者： brian W.Chao Department of Urology Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Thank you to the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)for the honor of allowing me to be the guest editor for this special focus section on robotic urinary tract *** topic has been a large focus for me in my career;in my pursuit of knowledge in this new sub-field of urology,I have been so fortunate to have met so many talented surgeons who share a similar *** urinary tract spans a large anatomical region,and due to the large variety of conditions that affect it,an endless variety of functional and structural urologic problems can *** have always been adept surgeons capable of operating in various anatomical spaces and have embraced technological ***,the trend has moved from open surgery to endoscopic treatment;however,many patients with reconstructive needs remain untreated or sub-optimally managed.

关键词： surgery constructive editor

The diagnostic yield for computed tomography pulmonary angiography in patients with anticoagulation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 251-255页

作者： Payush Chatta brian Diep Jakrin Kewcharoen Daniel Rossie Cory Toomasian Purvi Parwani Dmitry Abramov Department of Medicine Division of CardiologyLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA Department of Medicine Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA Department of Emergency Medicine Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA

BACKGROUND:Patients who present to the emergency department(ED)for suspected pulmonary embolism(PE)are often on active oral anticoagulation(AC).However,the diagnostic yield of computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)in screening for PE in patients who present on AC has not been well *** aim to investigate the diagnostic yield of CTPA in diagnosing PE depending on AC ***:We reviewed and analyzed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent CTPA for PE at a university hospital ED from June 1,2019,to March 25,*** outcome was the incidence of PE on CTPA depending on baseline AC status and indication for ***:Of 2,846 patients,242 were on AC for a history of venous thromboembolism(VTE),210 were on AC for other indications,and 2,394 were not on *** incidence of PE on CTPA was significantly lower in patients on AC for other indications(5.7%)when compared to patients on AC for prior VTE(24.3%)and patients not on AC at presentation(9.8%)(P<0.001).In multivariable analysis among the whole cohort,AC was associated with a positive CTPA(odds ratio[OR]0.26,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.15-0.45,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The incidence of PE among patients undergoing CTPA in the ED is lower in patients previously on AC for indications other than VTE when compared to those not on AC or those on AC for history of *** status and indication for AC may affect pre-test probability of a positive CTPA,and AC status therefore warrants consideration as part of future diagnostic algorithms among patients with suspected PE.

关键词： Pulmonary embolism Computed tomography pulmonary angiography Emergency department Anticoagulation