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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1521-1529页

作者： Callum J.Court Jacqueline M.cole Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK ISIS Neutron and Muon Source STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshire OX110QXUK Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass AvenueArgonneIL 60439USA Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgeWest Cambridge SitePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30FSUK

Predicting the properties of materials prior to their synthesis is of great importance in materials *** and superconducting materials exhibit a number of unique properties that make them useful in a wide variety of applications,including solid oxide fuel cells,solid-state refrigerants,photon detectors and metrology *** all these applications,phase transitions play an important role in determining the feasibility of the materials in ***,we present a pipeline for fully integrating data extracted from the scientific literature into machine-learning tools for property prediction and materials *** advanced natural language processing(NLP)and machine-learning techniques,we successfully reconstruct the phase diagrams of well-known magnetic and superconducting compounds,and demonstrate that it is possible to predict the phase-transition temperatures of compounds not present in the *** provide the tool as an online open-source platform,forming the basis for further research into magnetic and superconducting materials discovery for potential device applications.

关键词： phase transition superconducting

Evidence of the 1991 Pinatubo volcanic eruption in South Polar snow

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第8期44卷 756-760页

作者： Jihong cole-Dai Ellen Mosley-Thompson Byrd Polar Research Center The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USAByrd Polar Research Center The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Traces of tephra and increased sulfate (SO42-) concentrations were identified in the1992-1994 snow layers in 2 firn cores from South Pole. The deposition of the Pinatubo SO42-aerosol was delayed due to the long transport to the high south latitudes and its initial existence at high altitudes in the Antarctic atmosphere. Electron microscopic analyses show that the element composition of the tephra is identical to that of volcanic ash found near the Pinatubo volcano in Philippines. Detailed stratigraphic snow sampling resolved the Pinatubo signal from that of Cerro Hudson eruption during August 1991 in Chile. The South Pole sulfate flux from Pinatubo is calculated to be (10.9 ±1.1) kg·km-2, while the Hudson sulfate flux is (3.2 ± 1.1) kg·km-2. This information will be useful to estimating the magnitudes of the past volcanic eruptions recorded in Antarctic ice core.

关键词： Pinatubo volcanoes Antarctica ice cores.

Hepatic progenitor cell activation in liver repair

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Liver Research 2017年第2期1卷 81-87页

作者： Adam bria.Jorgensen Marda Junmei Zhou Xiaowei Sun Qi Cao Bryon E.Petersen Liya Pi Pediatric Stem Cell Research and Hepatic Disorders Child Health Research InstituteDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

The liver possesses an extraordinary ability to regenerate after ***-driven liver regeneration is the default pathway in response to mild-to-moderate acute liver *** replication of mature hepatocytes is blocked,facultative hepatic progenitor cells(HPCs),also referred to as oval cells(OCs)in rodents,are ***/OCs have the ability to proliferate clonogenically and differentiate into several lineages including hepatocytes and bile ductal *** is a conserved liver injury response that has been studied in many species ranging from mammals(rat,mouse,and human)to *** addition,improper HPC/OC activation is closely associated with fibrotic responses,characterized by myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix production,in many chronic liver *** remodeling and metalloprotease activities play an important role in the regulation of HPC/OC proliferation and fibrosis ***,understanding molecular mechanisms underlying HPC/OC activation has therapeutic implications for rational design of anti-fibrotic therapies.

关键词： Liver regeneration Hepatic progenitor cells(HPCs) Oval cells(OCs) Liver injury Hepatic fibrosis

The nature of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum revealed by the Guliya ice core record

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第23期45卷 2118-2125页

作者： L.G.Thompson J.cole-Dai Byrd Polar Research Center Ohio State UniversityOhio 43210USAByrd Polar Research CenterOhio State UniversityOhio 43210USA

Whether the solar activity was very low, and especially whether the solar cycle existed, during the Maunder Minimum (1645-1715 AD), have been disputed for a long time. In this paper we use the Guliya NO3 data, which can reflect the solar activity, to analyze the characteristics of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum. The results show that the solar activity was indeed low, and solar cycle displayed normal as present, i.e. about 11 a, in that period. Moreover, it was found that the solar activity contains a 36-year periodic component probably, which might be related to the variations in the length of the sunspot cycle. This finding is of importance for the study of the relationship between the sun variability and the Earth climate change.

关键词： Maunder Minimum solar activity Guliya ice core.

First-line erlotinib and fixed dose-rate gemcitabine for advanced pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第28期19卷 4511-4519页

作者： Vanja Vaccaro Emilio bria.Isabella Sperduti Alain Gelibter Luca Moscetti Giovanni Mansueto Enzo Maria Ruggeri Teresa Gamucci Francesco Cognetti Michele Milella Department of Medical Oncology Regina Elena National Cancer Institute 00144 Rome Italy Medical Oncology Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata 37134 Verona Italy Department of Biostatistics and Scientific Direction Regina Elena National Cancer Institute 00144 Rome Italy Medical Oncology Ospedale "Belcolle" 01100 Viterbo Italy S.S. Trinità Hospital Sora 03039 Frosinone Italy Department of Medical Oncology Regina Elena National Cancer Institute 00144 Rome Italy

AIM: To investigate activity, toxicity, and prognostic factors for survival of erlotinib and fixed dose-rate gemcitabine (FDR-Gem) in advanced pancreatic cancer.METHODS: We designed a single-arm prospective, multicentre, open-label phase II study to evaluate the combination of erlotinib (100 mg/d, orally) and weekly FDR-Gem (1000 mg/m2, infused at 10 mg/m2 per minute) in a population of previously untreated patients with locally advanced, inoperable, or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Primary endpoint was the rate of progression-free survival at 6 mo (PFS-6); secondary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), response duration, tolerability, overall survival (OS), and clinical benefit. Treatment was not considered to be of further interest if the PFS-6 was 40% would be of considerable interest (p1 = 40%); with a 5% rejection error (α = 5%) and a power of 80%, 35 fully evaluable patients with metastatic disease were required to be enrolled in order to complete the study. Analysis of prognostic factors for survival was also carried out.RESULTS: From May 2007 to September 2009, 46 patients were enrolled (male/female: 25/21; median age: 64 years; median baseline carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9): 897 U/mL; locally advanced/metastatic disease: 5/41). PFS-6 and median PFS were 30.4% and 14 wk (95%CI: 10-19), respectively; 1-year and median OS were 20.2% and 26 wk (95%CI: 8-43). Five patients achieved an objective response (ORR: 10.9%, 95%CI: 1.9-19.9); disease control rate was 56.5% (95%CI: 42.2-70.8); clinical benefit rate was 43.5% (95%CI: 29.1-57.8). CA 19-9 serum levels were decreased by > 25% as compared to baseline in 14/23 evaluable patients (63.6%). Treatment was well-tolerated, with skin rash being the most powerful predictor of both longer PFS (P < 0.0001) and OS (P = 0.01) at multivariate analysis (median OS for patients with or without rash: 42 wk vs 15 wk, respectively, Log-rank P = 0.03). Additional predictors of bett

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Gemcitabine Fixed dose-rate Erlotinib Prognostic factors Cutaneous rash Phase II trial

An Empirical Study of International Students Academic Information Needs and Seeking Behavior at Central China Normal University

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An Empirical Study of International Students Academic Inform...

作者： Lyncon cole 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

随着中国国际化程度的不断加深，留学生数量逐渐增多。对于中国的教育体系来说，国际（留）学生的培养是提升教育国际化水平，加强教育体系融入国际程度，扩大国际上对于中国文化的认同与宣传的一个重要方面。这就要求中国教育机构，尤... 详细信息

随着中国国际化程度的不断加深，留学生数量逐渐增多。对于中国的教育体系来说，国际（留）学生的培养是提升教育国际化水平，加强教育体系融入国际程度，扩大国际上对于中国文化的认同与宣传的一个重要方面。这就要求中国教育机构，尤其是高等教育机构提供适当的学术及文化氛围，配套相对应的信息技术，来支持和满足留学生的学习需要。其中，包括提供广泛的信息设备与系统支持。因此，了解留学生的信息需求及其在搜集信息中遇到的障碍，是提高教育国际化水平的重要措施之一。提供相关信息支持的重要来源是图书馆。因此，从行为角度分析与探究图书馆对于留学生的掌握程度，了解他们使用图书馆过程中所遇到的障碍，在此基础上规划并开展相关信息服务，也将会完善图书馆国际化水平。　　本研究调查国内某211高校的国际（留）学生专业信息需求所涉及的信息搜索行为，从行为影响的主客观因素出发，定量了解各种主客观因素对其信息搜索行为的影响程度，在此基础上对图书馆开展具有相关服务提出建议。具体的，首先，对相关理论和大量文献进行了梳理与回顾，选择了一个适用于描述留学生信息搜索行为阶段的理论模型，基于此模型中所列因素，提取“系统表现”、“搜索障碍”、“馆藏文献质量”、“馆藏文献类型”、“搜索渠道”、“搜索过程”几个重要因素建立研究模型。同时，设计并发布了调查问卷，在250份问卷中，199份完全填写，转化率为79.6％。然后，对问卷结果进行了描述性/摘要统计分析、相关性分析和回归检验。结果显示，模型能够清晰地描述各因素对于留学生的学术搜寻行为之间的联系，预测变量（学术信息需求）具有统计显著性，因此学术信息需求与搜寻行为呈正相关（满足假设）。同样地，搜寻行为与大部分决定因素之间的关系符合假设。结果进一步表明，图书馆资源与搜寻行为之间的相关关系是负相关，这一点与假设不符，但具有非常重要的意义。接下来讨论并解释了原因。最后，对于帮助和促进国际留学生利用图书馆资源进行资源检索提出了一些建议。

关键词：高校图书馆信息服务留学生信息搜索行为

Evolution of microstructure and texture of AZ61 Mg alloy during net-shape pressing of extruded perform

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第B07期20卷 561-566页

作者：曹凤红龙思远曹韩学蒲怡冰 Gerald S.cole College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Light Weight Strategies LLC

The micro orientation theological behavior of AZ61 Mg alloy during net-shape forming of tensile specimens via close-die pressing of extruded preformed and the effect of the press deformation rate on the microstructure characteristics were characterized with electron back-scattering diffraction(EBSD)orientation imaging microscopy and *** results indicate that the intensity distribution of basal{0001}texture on the cross-section of the extruded perform is uniform and parallel to the extrusion *** to pressing in extrusion direction,deformation shear stress leads to grain rotation and basal texture {0001}deviation from the extrusion direction,spreading in the direction perpendicular to pressing *** texture intensity increases with the press deformation rate and reaches its peak value at 50%,which is considerably lower than the value reached in extrusion ***,the texture intensity decreases with the press deformation rate reversely.

关键词： AZ61 magnesium alloy extrusion pressing microstructure texture

Longitudinal dynamics and energy analysis for heavy haul trains

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2014年第3期22卷 127-136页

作者： Qing Wu Shihui Luo Colin cole Centre for Railway Engineering Central Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQueensland Australia State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong University

Whole trip longitudinal dynamics and energy analysis of heavy haul trains are required by operators and manufacturers to enable optimisation of train controls and rolling stock components. A new technology named train dynamics and energy analyser/train simulator （TDEAS） has been developed by the State Key Laboratory of Traction Power in China to perform detailed whole trip longitudinal train dynamics and energy analyses. Facilitated by a controller user interface and a graphic user interface, the TDEAS can also be used as a train driving simulator. This paper elaborates the modelling of three primary parts in the TDEAS, namely wagon connection systems, air brake systems and train energy components. TDEAS uses advanced wedge-spring draft gear models that can simulate a wider spectrum of friction draft gear behaviour. An effective and efficient air brake model that can simulate air brake systems in various train configurations has been integrated. In addition, TDEAS simulates the train energy on the basis of a detailed longitudinal train dynamics simulation, which enables a further perspective of the train energy composition and the overall energy consumption. To demonstrate the validity of the TDEAS, a case study was carried out on a 120-km-long Chinese railway. The results show that the employment of electric locomotives with regenerative braking could bring considerable energy benefits. Nearly 40 % of the locomotive energy usage could be collected from the dynamic brake system. Most of tractive energy was dissipated by propulsion resistance that accounted for 42.48 % of the total energy. Only a small amount of tractive energy was dissipated by curving resistance, air brake and draft gear systems.

关键词： TDEAS Train simulation Longitudinal dynamics - Energy - Heavy haul

Pollen-inferred vegetation and environmental changes in the central Tibetan Plateau since 8200 yr BP

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第8期52卷 1104-1114页

作者： LIU Kam-Biu Carrie MORRILL Jonathan T. OVERPECK Julia E. cole Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences School of the Coast and Environment Louisiana State University NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Institute for the Study of Planet Earth and Department of Geosciences University of Arizona

The ecotone between alpine steppe and meadow in the central Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to climate changes. Here we used the pollen records from three lakes in this region to reconstruct the evolution of local vegetation and climate since 8200 cal. yr BP. The history of temperature and precipitation was reconstructed quantitatively with multi-bioclimatic indexes and a transfer function from pollen records. Results show that the steppe/meadow dominated during the period of 8200―6500 cal. yr BP, especially 8200―7200 cal. yr BP, indicating the central Tibetan Plateau was controlled by strong monsoon. The steppe dominated during the periods of 6000―4900, 4400―3900, and 2800―2400 cal. yr BP. The steppe decreased gradually and the meadow expanded during the period of 4900―4400 cal. yr BP. Three century-scale drought events occurred during 5800―4900, 4400―3900 and 2800 cal. yr BP, respectively. The first time when the regional climate shifted to the present level was at 6500 cal. yr BP in the central Plateau. Since 3000 cal. yr BP, the temperature and precipitation have decreased gradually to the present level. However, the cold climate between 700―300 cal. yr BP likely corresponds to the Little Ice Age.

关键词： the meadow-steppe ecotone (MSE) pollen record bioclimatic index central Tibetan Plateau

Control System Design for Low PowerMagnetic Bearings in a Flywheel Energy Storage System

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Energy Engineering 2023年第1期120卷 147-161页

作者： Tinnawat Hongphan Matthew O.T.cole Chakkapong Chamroon Ziv Brand Department of Mechanical Engineering Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200Thailand 2Department of Mechanical EngineeringShamoon College of EngineeringBe’er Sheva84100Israel

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study on controller design for the AMBs in a small-scale flywheel energy storage system,where the main goals are to achieve low energy consumption and improved rotordynamic stability.A H-infinity optimal control synthesis procedure is defined for the permanent-magnet-biased AMB-rotor system with 4 degrees of *** the choice of design weighting functions,notch filter characteristics are incorporated within the controller to reduce AMB current components caused by rotor vibration at the synchronous frequency and higher *** tests are used to validate the controller design methodology and provide comparative results on performance and *** results show that the H-infinity controller is able to achieve stable rotor levitation and reduce AMB power consumption by more than 40%(from 4.80 to 2.64 Watts)compared with the conventional PD control ***,the H-infinity controller can prevent vibrational instability of the rotor nutation mode,which is prone to occur when operating with high rotational speeds.

关键词： Magnetic bearings flywheel control systems gyroscopic effects stability efficiency