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Histopathological characteristics and causes of kidney graft failure in the current era of immunosuppression

World Journal of Transplantation 2019年第6期9卷 123-133页

作者： Sandesh Parajuli Fahad Aziz Neetika Garg Sarah E Panzer Emily Joachim brenda Muth Maha Mohamed Justin Blazel Weixiong Zhong Brad C Astor Didier A Mandelbrot Arjang Djamali Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Pathology University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Population Health Sciences University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Division of Transplantation Department of SurgeryUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States

BACkGROUND The histopathological findings on the failing kidney allograft in the modern era is not well studied. In this study, we present our experience working with kidney transplant recipients with graft failure within one year of the *** To report the histopathological characteristics of failed kidney allografts in the current era of immunosuppression based on the time after transplant, cause of the end-stage renal disease and induction immunosuppressive *** In a single-center observational study, we characterized the histopathological findings of allograft biopsies in kidney transplant recipients with graft failure within one year after the *** We identified 329 patients with graft failure that met the selection criteria between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2016. The three most common biopsy findings were interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy(IFTA, 53%), acute rejection (AR, 43%) and transplant glomerulopathy(TG, 33%). Similarly, the three most common causes of graft failure based on the primary diagnosis were AR(40%),TG(17%), and IFTA(13%). Most grafts failed within two years of post-transplant(36%). Subsequently, approximately 10%-15% of grafts failed every two years: >2-4 years(16%), > 4-6 years(13%), > 6-8 years(11%), > 8-10 years(9%) and > 10 years(16%). AR was the most common cause of graft failure in the first six years(48%), whereas TG was the most prevalent cause of graft failure after 6 years(32%) of *** In the current era of immunosuppression, AR is still the most common cause of early graft failure, while TG is the most prevalent cause of late graft failure.

关键词： kidney biopsy Acute rejection Graft failure Transplant glomerulopathy Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy

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高效领导力

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2018年

作者： (美)布伦达·本斯(brenda Bence)

本书包含来自全球各地的领导力培训案例研究，可以帮助你：提升你的领导风度，打造出色的领导力品牌，远离自己是工作、时间或“系统”受害者的心态，利用强大的思想管理技巧停止这些破坏性行为，学习如何“向上管理”老板和“平级管理... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9787516819289

本书包含来自全球各地的领导力培训案例研究，可以帮助你：提升你的领导风度，打造出色的领导力品牌，远离自己是工作、时间或“系统”受害者的心态，利用强大的思想管理技巧停止这些破坏性行为，学习如何“向上管理”老板和“平级管理”同事们，不吹嘘地宣传自己，帮助你获得知名度和你想要的职位。

关键词：社会科学总论管理学

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The Trend of Global Harmonization of Regulatory Tests & Guidelines

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毒理学杂志 2005年第S1期 174-174页

作者： Aimin Shi,brenda Tiffin,Quoia Chen Next Century Incorporated USA Nanjing Medical University Next Century Incorporated USA Nanjing Medical University Next Century Incorporated USA Nanjing Medical University

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The Trend of Global Harmonization of Regulatory Tests & Guidelines

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毒理学杂志 2005年第A3期19卷 174-174页

作者： Aimin Shi brenda Tiffin Quoia Chen Next Century Incorporated USA Nanjing Medical University Next Century Incorporated USA Nanjing Medical University Next Century Incorporated USA Nanjing Medical University

To protect humanand environment, regulatory agencies across the world have increasingly specified the types of tests they required before they will consider the safety of a 'regulated compound', such as pharmaceutical... 详细信息

关键词：药物研究杀虫剂化学药品食品添加剂

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Development and Application of a Validated UHPLC Method for the Determination of Atropine and Its Major Impurities in Antidote Treatment Nerve Agent Auto-Injectors (ATNAA) Stored in the Strategic National Stockpiles

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2017年第1期8卷 15-31页

作者： Cheng H.Yen Adil Mohammad Miah Schneider Salwa k.Poole Bryan Lowry brenda W.Mc Curdy Patrick J.Faustino Saeed R.khan Office of Regulatory Affairs Detroit LaboratoryFood and Drug AdministrationDetroitMIUSA Division of Product Quality Research Office of Testing and ResearchOffice of Pharmaceutical QualityCenter for Drug Evaluation and ResearchFood and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMDUSA

The development and implementation of advanced analytical technologies is essential for extending the expiry for complex drug products stored in the Strategic National Stockpiles. Consequently, a novel Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (UHPLC) method has been developed for the analysis of atropine and its respective impurities to support the analytical research platform for auto-injectors. This study is part of a larger research effort to improve the efficiency and broaden the applicability of advanced analytical methods for medical counter-measure medications. The current HPLC compendial methodology for atropine sulfate injection requires an analysis time of 40 minutes for atropine. In comparison, the novel gradient UHPLC method required only 8 minutes to evaluate both atropine and its major pharmaceutical impurities. Improved separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity UHPLC BEH C18 1.7 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm column employing gradient elution of mobile phase solvent A (0.1% H3PO4) and solvent B (0.1% H3PO4, 90% ACN, and 10% H2O). The method was validated according to USP Category I requirements for assay. The daily standard calibration curves were linear over a concentration range from 50 μg/mL to 250 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of >0.999. The detection limit (LOD) and quantitation limit (LOQ) were 3.9 μg/ml and 13.1 μg/ml, respectively. Resolution results indicate that atropine and the following impurities, degradants and a preservative can also be separated and analyzed using this proposed method: noratropine, 4,4’-di-hy-droxydiphenyl ether, 2,4’-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4-bromophenol, 4-hydro-xyatropine, tropic acid, apoatropine HCl, atropic acid, hydroquinone, nitroethane, phenol and catechol. The UHPLC method demonstrated enhanced selectivity and significantly reduced the analysis time when compared with the traditional USP compendial HPLC method. The method was successfully applied to the evaluation of atropine in ATNAA auto-injectors lots fro

关键词： Atropine Sulfate Atropine ATNAA SLEP UHPLC Impurities

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