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A murine model of tuberculosis/type 2 diabetes comorbidity for investigating the microbiome,metabolome and associated immune parameters

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 181-188页

作者： Harindra d.Sathkumara Janet L.Eaton Matt A.Field brenda L.Govan Natkunam Ketheesan Andreas Kupz Centre for Molecular Therapeutics Australian Institute of Tropical Health and MedicineJames Cook UniversityCairns&TownsvilleQLDAustralia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLDAustralia Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology James Cook UniversityCairnsQLDAustralia John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia

Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the *** meta-bolic disease type 2 diabetes(T2d)significantly increases the risk of developing ac-tive *** new TB vaccine candidates and novel therapeutic interventions are required to meet the challenges of global TB *** evidence suggests that the microbiota plays a significant role in how the host responds to infection,in-jury and neoplastic *** models that closely reflect human physiology are crucial in assessing new treatments and to decipher the underlying immunological defects responsible for increased TB susceptibility in comorbid *** this study,using a diet-induced murine T2d model that reflects the etiopathogenesis of clinical T2d and increased TB susceptibility,we investigated how the intestinal microbiota may impact the development of T2d,and how the gut microbial composition changes following a very low-dose aerosol infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb).Our data revealed a substantial intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in T2d mice compared to non-diabetic *** observed differences were comparable to previous clini-cal reports in TB patients,in which it was shown that Mtb infection causes rapid loss of microbial ***,diversity index and principle component analyses demonstrated distinct clustering of Mtb-infected non-diabetic mice ***-infected T2d *** findings support a broad applicability of T2d mice as a tractable small animal model for studying distinct immune parameters,microbiota and the immune-metabolome of TB/T2d *** model may also enable answers to be found to critical outstanding questions about targeted interventions of the gut mi-crobiota and the gut-lung axis.

关键词： gut microbiota host microbe interaction infectious diseases tuberculosis type 2 diabetes

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3d extrusion of multi-biomaterial lattices using an environmentally informed workflow

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第4期11卷 691-708页

作者： Vasiliki Panagiotidou Andreas Koerner Marcos Cruz brenda Parker Bastian Beyer Sofoklis Giannakopoulos Bio-Integrated design Lab The Bartlett School of ArchitectureUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

The conventional building material palette has been proven limited in terms of adaptability to our current environmental challenges. Innovations in computational design and digital manufacturing have supported the broadening of biomaterial applications as an alternative. While biomaterials are characteristically responsive to stimuli such as temperature and humidity, their unpredictable behaviour is a hurdle to standardization and architectural utilisation. To examine the nexus between material formulation, computation and manufacturing, multi-biomaterial lattice structures were produced through an environmentally informed workflow. Customized biomaterial development resulted in three candidate biopolymer blends with varying levels of hydro-responsiveness and transparency. The computational strategy included a machine learning clustering algorithm to customise results and dictate material distribution outputs. To test the workflow, environmental data of solar radiation exposure and solar heat gain from a specific location was used to inform the material deposition via pneumatic extrusion for the design and digital fabrication of a deformation-controlled prototype of 350 mm × 350 mm. This led to a series of multi-biomaterial wall panel components that can be applied at architectural scale. In future, these techniques can support the incorporation of living elements to be embedded within the built environment for truly animate architecture.

关键词： Hydrogels Multi-biomaterials Hygroscopic properties Pneumatic extrusion Environmentally informed deposition Integrated workflows

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Gracilaria fisheri oligosaccharides ameliorate inflammation and colonic epithelial barrier dysfunction in mice with acetic acid-induced colitis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第10期11卷 440-449页

作者： brenda Siringoringo Nawiya Huipao Chittipong Tipbunjong Jongdee Nopparat Santad Wichienchot Albert M.Hutapea Pissared Khuituan division of Health and Applied Sciences Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand Gut Biology and Microbiota Research Unit Prince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center Prince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand Center of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy Faculty of Agro-IndustryPrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand department of Pharmacy Faculty of ScienceUniversitas Advent IndonesiaBandungIndonesia

Objective:To investigate the effect of Gracilaria fisheri oligosaccharides(GFO)on inflammation and colonic epithelial barrier dysfunction in colitis ***:The animals were treated by oral gavage with distilled water,1000 mg/kg inulin,100,500,or 1000 mg/kg GFO for 14 d,or treated with 50 mg/kg mesalamine for 5 d after colitis induction(on day 10).Histopathology,inflammatory cytokines,colonic permeability,and tight junction proteins were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining,immunohistochemical staining,Ussing chamber technique,and Western blotting assays,***:GFO ameliorated histological damage in colitis mice when compared to untreated colitis *** with 100,500,and 1000 mg/kg GFO reduced TNF-αexpression,while IL-1βwas significantly reduced in colitis mice treated with 500 and 1000 mg/*** to untreated colitis mice,GFO increased transepithelial electrical resistance,reduced fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran paracellular flux,and modulated tight junction proteins(occludin and claudin 2)in colitis ***:GFO has anti-inflammatory activity and could modulate colonic epithelial barrier dysfunction in acetic acid-induced colitis ***,GFO could modulate the expression of tight junction proteins that play important roles in colonic barrier function.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Cytokines Gut permeability Tight junction Red algae Gracilaria fisheri Mice Anti-inflammation Colonic epithelial barrier

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Seasonal changes of adrenocortical responses to acute stress in lowland and highland Eurasian Tree Sparrows（Passer montanus）:are human commensal species dissociated from the surrounding habitats?

Seasonal changes of adrenocortical responses to acute stress...

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中国生理学会第23届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者： John C.wingfield department of Neurobiology Physiology andBehavior University of CaliforniaOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA

＜正＞It is well known that seasonal modulation of the adrenocortical response to acute stress is widespread in free-living birds,but it is still unclear what induces the seasonal *** the differences of seasonal modulation in adrenocortical response between lowland and highland populations will contribute to understand the underlying mechanism of seasonal *** this study,we examined the adrenocortical response to acute stress （capture,handling and restraint） in lowland Eurasian Tree Sparrows,Passer montanus,among early breeding,late breeding,pre-basic molt and wintering stages,and compared them with previously published data from populations on the Tibetan *** results show:（1） similar to highland Eurasian Tree Sparrows,lowland populations show no differences in baseline CORT levels among life history stages（LHSs）,and the stress-induced CORT levels are lowered during early breeding and pre-basic molt stages than those in late breeding and wintering stages;（2） highland Eurasian Tree Sparrows show stronger adrenocortical responses during pre-basic molt stage than lowland populations,whereas there were no differences between early and late breeding *** results suggest that Eurasian Tree Sparrows from both extreme and benign environments have similar patterns of adrenocortical responses in the breeding stage,whereas they are different in pre-basic molt ***,it appears that this human commensal species shows a"dissociated"adrenocortical response from surrounding habitat compared with other species on the Tibetan *** Tree Sparrows may be sheltered from more severe environment and longer winters at high elevation by associating with human *** small increases in adrenocortical responses during pre-basic molt stage in Tibetan Plateau birds are interesting but remain unexplained.

关键词： Adrenocortical response corticosterone Eurasian Tree Sparrow human commensal species life history stages

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Blessing and a curse of outpatient management of delayed graft function

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World Journal of Transplantation 2019年第4期9卷 58-61页

作者： Justin W Blazel Jennifer A Turk brenda L Muth Sandesh Parajuli division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health

delayed graft function (dGF) is a common complication occurring most often after deceased donor kidney transplant with several donor characteristics as well as immunologic factors that lead to its development *** patients require dialysis and close kidney function monitoring until sufficient allograft function is *** has resulted in limited options for dGF management,either prolonged hospitalization until graft function improves to the point where dialysis is no longer needed or discharge back to their home dialysis unit with periodic follow up in the transplant *** is associated with a higher risk for acute rejection,premature graft failure,and 30-d readmission;therefore,these patients need close monitoring,immunosuppression management,and prompt allograft biopsy if prolonged dGF is *** may not occur if these patients are discharged back to their home dialysis *** address this issue,the University of Wisconsin-Madison created a clinic in 2011 specialized in outpatient dGF *** clinic was able to successfully reduce hospital length of stay without an increase in 30-d readmission,graft loss,and patient death.

关键词： delayed graft function Kidney transplantation Immunosuppression Acute rejection Kidney donor profile index Kidney donor risk index dialysis

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Association between admission haematocrit and mortality among men with acute ischaemic stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第3期3卷 160-168页

作者： Jason J Sico Laura J Myers brenda J Fenton John Concato Linda S Williams dawn M Bravata Neurology Service VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA department of Neurology Center for NeuroEpidemiological and Clinical Neurological ResearchYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center(CERC) VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Pain Research InformaticsMultimorbidities and Education(PRIME)Center of InnovationVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Communication and the HSR&d Stroke Quality Enhancement Research Initiative(QUERI) Richard L Roudebush VA Medical CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA VA Health Services Research and development(HSR&d) Center for Healthcare InformaticsRichard L Roudebush VA Medical CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA division of Chronic disease Epidemiology Yale School of Public HealthWest HavenConnecticutUSA Medical Service VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Regenstrief Institute IndianapolisIndianaUSA department of Neurology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA department of Internal Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA

Objective Anaemia is associated with higher mortality among patients with non-stroke cardiovascular conditions;less is known regarding the relationship between anaemia and mortality among patients with acute ischaemic *** Medical records were abstracted for n=3965 veterans from 131 Veterans Health Administration facilities who were admitted with ischaemic stroke in fiscal year *** values within 24 hours of admission were classified as≤27%,28%-32%,33%-37%,38%-42%,43%-47% or≥48%.Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between anaemia and in-hospital,30-day,6-month and 1-year mortality,adjusting for age,medical comorbidities,modified Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-III and stroke *** factors were calculated to standardise comparisons between haematocrit tier and other *** Among n=3750 patients included in the analysis,the haematocrit values were≤27%in 2.1%(n=78),28%-32% in 6.2%(n=234),33%-37%in 17.9%(n=670),38%-42% in 36.4%(n=1366),43%-47% in 28.2%(n=1059)and≥48% in 9.1%(n=343).Patients with haematocrit≤27%,compared with patients in the 38%-42% range,were more likely to have died across all follow-up intervals,with statistically significant adjusted ORs(aORs)ranging from 2.5 to *** with polycythaemia(ie,haematocrit≥48%)were at increased risk of in-hospital mortality(aOR=2.9;95%CI 1.4 to 6.0),compared with patients with mid-range admission *** differences between patients receiving and not receiving blood transfusion limited our ability to perform a propensity *** factors in the 1-year mortality model were 0.46(severe anaemia),0.06(cancer)and 0.018(heart disease).Conclusions Anaemia is independently associated with an increased risk of death throughout the first year post stroke;high haematocrit is associated with early poststroke *** anaemia is associated with 1-year mortality to a greater degree than cancer or heart dise

关键词： mortality admitted transfusion

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EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ANd ITS APPLICATION TO HOSPITAL AdMINISTRATION

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中国医院 2001年第7期 58-60页

作者： brenda Freshman, Ph.d. Louis Rubino, Ph.d. , FACHE donghai Wei Ph.d.

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Path Planning and Navigation of Oceanic Autonomous Sailboats and Vessels: A Survey

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第3期19卷 609-621页

作者： JING Wei LIU Chao LI Ting RAHMAN A B M Mohaimenur XIAN Lintao WANG Xi WANG Yu GUO Zhongwen brenda Gumede TENdAI Wachi Kelvin department of Computer Fundamentals Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Information Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China department of Computer Science University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28233USA department of Computer and Information Sciences Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19122USA

Oceanic autonomous surface vehicles(ASVs) are one kind of autonomous marine robots that have advantages of energy saving and is flexible to use. Nowadays, ASVs are playing an important role in marine science, maritime industry, and national defense. It could improve the efficiency of oceanic data collection, ensure marine transportation safety, and protect national security. One of the core challenges for ASVs is how to plan a safe navigation autonomously under the complicated ocean environment. Based on the type of marine vehicles, ASVs could be divided into two categories: autonomous sailboats and autonomous vessels. In this article, we review the challenges and related solutions of ASVs' autonomous navigation, including modeling analysis, path planning and implementation. Finally, we make a summary of all of those in four tables and discuss about the future research directions.

关键词： autonomous sailboats autonomous vessels model analysis path planning

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钨卡宾化合物与水的不寻常反应——含氧配体三聚体的合成、表征和晶体结构(英文)

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中国科学：化学 2012年第1期42卷 93-94页

作者： dOUGAN brenda A 薛子陵美国田纳西大学化学系

烷基卡宾化合物W(CH2CMe3)3(/CSiMe3)(1)与水在四氢呋喃(THF)中,或者与重水在苯-d6中的反应分别生成两个新的含氧配体的三聚物W3O3(μ=O)3(CH2CMe3)6(THF)3(2)和[W3O3(μ=O)3(CH2CMe3)6(d2-O)3]·2benzene-d6(3·2benzene-d6).这两个产物中每个钨原子均含两个烷基配体,与以前报道过的从类似的烷基卡宾化合物W(CH2CMe3)3(/CCMe3)与水反应所生成的二聚物W2O2(μ-O)(CH2CMe3)6有很大不同.化合物1与重水在四氢呋喃的反应中,观测到一个不稳定的中间体W2O2(μ-O)(Cd2SiMe3)2(CH2CMe3)4(4-d4).对1与水或者与重水在THF-d8中的反应生成4及4-d4进行了动力学研究,在298(1)K,动力学同位素效应(KIE)为3.46(3),显示1的消失是一个速率决定步骤.

关键词：烷基卡宾化合物水含氧配合物动力学同位素效应

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Optimal length of triple therapy for H pylori eradication in a population with high prevalence of infection in Chile

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第21期13卷 2967-2972页

作者： Arnoldo Riquelme Alejandro Soza Cesar Pedreros Andrea Bustamante Felipe Valenzuela Francisco Otarola Eduardo Abbott Marco Arellano brenda Medina Alejandro Pattillo douglas Greig Marco Arrese Antonio Rollan department of Gastroenterology Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia Pública SantiagoChile department of Internal Medicine Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

AIM:To compare the efficacy of 7-d versus 14-d triple therapy for the treatment of H pylori infection in Chile,with a prevalence of 73% in general population. METHOdS:H pylori-infected patients diagnosed by rapid urease test,with non-ulcer dyspepsia or peptic ulcer disease were randomized to receive omeprazole 20 mg bid,amoxicillin 1 g bid,and clarithromycin 500 mg bid for 7 (OAC7) or 14 (OAC14) d. Primary outcome was eradication rate 6 wk after the treatment. Subgroup analysis was carried out considering the eradication rate among patients with or without peptic ulcer disease and eradication rate among smokers or non-smokers. RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-one patients were randomized to OAC7 (n = 69) or OAC14 (n = 62). The overall eradication rate (intention-to-treat) was 78.3% in OAC7 and 85.5% in OAC14 groups,without a significant difference (P =0.37). No significant difference in the eradication rate was found among the patients with peptic ulcer disease (n = 31) between the OAC7 group (85.7%) and OAC14 group (87.5%). However,smokers had an obviously lower eradication rate compared to non-smokers,particularly in the OAC7 group (57.1% in smokers vs 83.6% in non-smokers; P = 0.06). Adverse effects rate were similar between both groups. CONCLUSION:Short-term efficacy of triple therapy with OAC for 7 d is comparable to 14 d in this high-prevalence population. Longer follow-up,and studies focused to some subgroups of patients (smokers and non-ulcerpatients) are necessary to support widespread use of 7-d instead of 10-14-d triple therapy in a developing country like Chile.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic treatment Omeprazole Amoxicillin Clarithromycin Quasirandomized controlled trial

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