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Updates on management of gliomas in the molecular age

World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第2期15卷 178-194页

作者： Ali Ahmed Mohamed Rakan Alshaibi Steven Faragalla Youssef Mohamed brandon Lucke-Wold Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMO 64804United States Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

Gliomas are primary brain tumors derived from glial cells of the central nervous system,afflicting both adults and children with distinct characteristics and therapeutic *** developments have ushered in novel clinical and molecular prognostic factors,reshaping treatment paradigms based on classi-fication and grading,determined by histological attributes and cellular *** review article delves into the diverse treatment modalities tailored to the specific grades and molecular classifications of gliomas that are currently being discussed and used clinically in the year *** adults,the therapeutic triad typically consists of surgical resection,chemotherapy,and *** contrast,pediatric gliomas,due to their diversity,require a more tailored *** complete tumor excision can be curative based on the location and grade of the glioma,certain non-resectable cases demand a chemotherapy approach usually involving,vincristine and ***-tionally,if surgery or chemotherapy strategies are unsuccessful,Vinblastine can be *** recent advancements in treatment methodologies,there remains a need of exploration in the literature,particularly concerning the efficacy of treatment regimens for isocitrate dehydrogenase type mutant astrocytomas and fine-tuned therapeutic approaches tailored for pediatric *** review article explores into the therapeutic modalities employed for both adult and pediatric gliomas in the context of their molecular classification.

关键词： Gliomas Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Isocitrate dehydrogenase type mutant Pediatric gliomas Astrocytoma Oligodendroglioma 1p/19q-codeleted

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可持续混凝土的奇特来源

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第1期 14-15,41页

作者： Elissaveta M.brandon 不详

08建筑师对不寻常的建筑材料并不陌生:大麻纤维、龙舌兰酒产业的龙舌兰浆、破碎的马桶、不可回收的塑料,现在更有……用过的尿布?日本北九州市立大学的一群研究人员研发出一种混凝土,可以用碎尿布取代多达40%的沙子。

关键词：建筑材料龙舌兰酒马桶大麻纤维可持续混凝土建筑师

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可爱面面观可爱如何演变并影响消费主义

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第8期 34-35,49,50页

作者： Elissaveta M.brandon 不详

猫咪一直都这么可爱吗?伦敦萨默塞特郡最近的一个展览,尝试通过说明当代文化中可爱的崛起与流行来回答那个问题展览名称就是简单的“可爱”二字,展出数百件毛绒玩具、菲比精灵、护理机器人、宝可梦卡牌、机器狗、拓麻歌子、玩具屋、可... 详细信息

猫咪一直都这么可爱吗?伦敦萨默塞特郡最近的一个展览,尝试通过说明当代文化中可爱的崛起与流行来回答那个问题展览名称就是简单的“可爱”二字,展出数百件毛绒玩具、菲比精灵、护理机器人、宝可梦卡牌、机器狗、拓麻歌子、玩具屋、可爱小雕像——还有,数量极大的猫咪。最后以Hello Kitty装置结尾,庆祝Hello Kitty诞生50周年。

关键词：毛绒玩具机器狗萨默塞特消费主义可爱当代文化

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RNA m^(6)A reader YTHDF2 facilitates precursor miR-126 maturation to promote acute myeloid leukemia progression

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 382-396页

作者： Zheng Zhang Keren Zhou Li Han Andrew Small Jianhuang Xue Huilin Huang Hengyou Weng Rui Su brandon Tan Chao Shen Wei Li Zhicong Zhao Ying Qing Xi Qin Kitty Wang Keith Leung Mark Boldin Chun-Wei Chen David Ann Zhijian Qian Xiaolan Deng Jianjun Chen Zhenhua Chen Department of Systems Biology Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeMonroviaCA 91016USA Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong 510060China Guangzhou Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 510005China Bioland Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 51005China Department of Liver Surgery Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Pharmacy China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110001China

As the most common internal modification of mRNA,Ne-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)and its regulators modulate gene expression and play critical roles in various biological and patholog-ical processes including *** was reported previously that m^(6)A methyltransferase(writer),methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)adds m^(6)A in primary microRNAs(pri-miRNAs)and fa-cilitates its processing into precursor miRNAs(pre-miRNAs).However,it is unknown whether m^(6)A modification also plays a role in the maturation process of pre-miRNAs and(if so)whether such a function contributes to ***,we found that YTHDF2 is aberrantly overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients,especially in relapsed patients,and plays an onco-genic role in ***,YTHDF2 promotes expression of miR-126-3p(also known as miR-126,as it is the main product of precursor miR-126(pre-miR-126)),a miRNA that was reported as an oncomiRNA in AML,through facilitating the processing of pre-miR-126 into mature ***,YTHDF2 recognizes m^(6)A modification in pre-miR-126 and recruits AGO2,a regulator of pre-miRNA processing,to promote the maturation of ***2 posi-tively and negatively correlates with miR-126 and miR-126's downstream target genes,respec-tively,in AML patients,and forced expression of miR-126 could largely rescue YTHDF2/Ythdf2 depletion-mediated suppression on AML cell growth/proliferation and leukemogenesis,indi-cating that miR-126 is a functionally important target of YTHDF2 in ***,our studies not only reveal a previously unappreciated YTHDF2/miR-126 axis in AML and highlight the ther-apeutic potential of targeting this axis for AML treatment,but also suggest that m^(6)A plays a role in pre-miRNA processing that contributes to tumorigenesis.

关键词： AML miR-126 N^(6)-methyladenosine Pre-miRNA maturation YTHDF2

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Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph B.Gary David A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph D.P.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

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大国数字货币对小国宏观金融形势溢出效应研究

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新金融 2024年第7期 53-58页

作者： Anh H.Le Alexander Copestake brandon Tan Evan Papageorgiou SJay Peiris Umang Rawat 唐成千(译) 周正铭(译) 国际货币基金组织不详

央行数字货币(CBDC)快速发展,与传统法定货币不同,CBDC对宏观经济,尤其是对邻国的宏观经济有哪些影响值得关注。本文建立了一个考虑内生货币替代和金融摩擦的两国新凯恩斯模型,以考察大型外国经济体发行的稳定币对小型发展中经济体的影... 详细信息

央行数字货币(CBDC)快速发展,与传统法定货币不同,CBDC对宏观经济,尤其是对邻国的宏观经济有哪些影响值得关注。本文建立了一个考虑内生货币替代和金融摩擦的两国新凯恩斯模型,以考察大型外国经济体发行的稳定币对小型发展中经济体的影响。研究发现,外国稳定币为国内经济中的家庭提供流动性服务,并为国内通胀提供额外的对冲;同时,它的引入放大了货币替代效应,减少了银行中介作用,削弱了货币政策传导作用,加剧了衰退冲击的影响,增加了银行业经营压力;而资本管制提高了稳定币作为规避手段的使用率,增加了对外国冲击溢出效应的敞口。与国内中央银行数字货币不同,禁止外国稳定币支付可以缓解这些影响。本刊编译此篇国际货币基金组织(IMF)的工作论文,以期为读者带来启示。

关键词：央行数字货币(CBDC) 宏观金融形势溢出效应开放经济体金融摩擦

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Focus on current and emerging treatment options for glioma:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 482-495页

作者： brandon Lucke-Wold Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala Muhammad Ashir Shafique Mohammad Arham Siddiq Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa Fnu Danish Rana Muhammad Umer Nasrullah Noor Zainab Abdul Haseeb Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Neurosurgery Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510Pakistan Department of Neurosurgery Army Medical CollegeRawalpindi 46000Pakistan

This comprehensive review delves into the current updates and challenges associated with the management of low-grade gliomas(LGG),the predominant primary tumors in the central nervous *** a general incidence rate of 5.81 per 100000,gliomas pose a significant global concern,necessitating advancements in treatment techniques to reduce mortality and *** review places a particular focus on immunotherapies,discussing promising agents such as Zotiraciclib and ***,a CDK9 inhibitor,has demonstrated efficacy in glioblastoma treatment in preclinical and clinical studies,showing its potential as a therapeutic ***,a viral immunotherapy,induces inflammation in glioblastoma and displays positive outcomes in both adult and pediatric *** of immunotherapy extends to Pembrolizumab,Nivolumab,and Entrectinib,revealing the challenges and variabilities in patient *** promising preclinical data,the monoclonal antibody Depatuxizumab has proven ineffective in glioblastoma treatment,emphasizing the critical need to understand resistance *** review also covers the success of radiation therapy in pediatric LGG,with evolving techniques,such as proton therapy,showing potential improvements in patient quality of *** treatment is discussed in the context of achieving a balance between preserving the patient’s quality of life and attaining gross total resection,with the extent of surgical resection significantly influencing the survival *** addition to advancements in cancer vaccine development,this review highlights the evolving landscape of LGG treatment,emphasizing a shift toward personalized and targeted *** research is essential for refining strategies and enhancing outcomes in the management of LGG.

关键词： Low-grade gliomas Monoclonal antibody Lerapolturev Glioblastoma CDK9 inhibitor

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Hydrogen for a Net-Zero Carbon World

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Engineering 2023年第10期29卷 8-10页

作者： Nigel P.brandon James J.brandon Faculty of Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK The First Element Ltd. London N17GUUK

*** hydrogen?The concept of the“hydrogen economy”was first coined by *** Bockris during a talk he gave in 1970 at the General Motors Technical ***’s talk introduced the vision of a world economy in which energy was... 详细信息

关键词： hydrogen Carbon economy

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A deep learning framework to emulate density functional theory

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 687-695页

作者： Beatriz G.del Rio brandon Phan Rampi Ramprasad Departamento de Física Teórica Atómica yÓpticaUniversidad de ValladolidPaseo de Belén 747011 ValladolidSpain School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology771 Ferst Drive NWAtlantaGA 30332USA

Density functional theory(DFT)has been a critical component of computational materials research and discovery for ***,the computational cost of solving the central Kohn–Sham equation remains a major obstacle for dynamical studies of complex phenomena ***,we propose an end-to-end machine learning(ML)model that emulates the essence of DFT by mapping the atomic structure of the system to its electronic charge density,followed by the prediction of other properties such as density of states,potential energy,atomic forces,and stress tensor,by using the atomic structure and charge density as *** deep learning model successfully bypasses the explicit solution of the Kohn-Sham equation with orders of magnitude speedup(linear scaling with system size with a small prefactor),while maintaining chemical *** demonstrate the capability of this ML-DFT concept for an extensive database of organic molecules,polymer chains,and polymer crystals.

关键词： functional theory system

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A reproducible and sensitive method for generating high-quality transcriptomes from single whitefly salivary glands and other low-input tissues

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1318-1328页

作者： Marco Gebiola brandon H.Le Kerry EMauck Department of Entomology University of California RiversideRiversideCalifornia Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCalifornia Institute of Integrative Genome Biology University of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA

Transcriptomic studies are an important tool for understanding the molecular pathways underlying host plant use by agricultural pests,including vectors of damaging plant *** far,bulk RNA-Seq has been the main approach for non-model *** method relies on pooling large numbers of whole organisms or hundreds of individually dissected *** latter approach is logistically challenging,may introduce artifacts of handling and storage,and is not compatible with biological ***,we tested an approach to generate transcriptomes of individual salivary glands and other low-input body tissues from whiteflies(Bemisia tabaci MEAM1),which are major vectors of plant *** comparing our outputs to published bulk RNA-Seq datasets for whole whitefly bodies and pools of salivary glands,we demonstrate that this approach recovers similar numbers of transcripts relative to bulk RNA-Seq in a tissue-specific manner,and for some metrics,exceeds performance of bulk tissue *** generated from individual salivary glands also yielded additional novel transcripts not identified in pooled salivary gland datasets,and had hundreds of enriched transcripts when compared with whole head ***,our study demonstrates that it is feasible to produce high quality,replicated transcriptomes of whitefly salivary glands and other low-input *** anticipate that our approach will expand hypothesis-driven research on salivary glands of whiteflies and other Hemiptera,thus enabling novel control strategies to disrupt feeding and virus transmission.

关键词： Aleyrodidae Bemisia tabaci bulk RNA-Seq insect vectors low-input RNA-Seq plant pathogens

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