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Transposon mouse models to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of hepatitis B viral induced hepatocellular carcinoma

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 12157-12170页

作者： Amy P Chiu Barbara R Tschida Lilian H Lo branden s moriarity Dewi K Rowlands David A Largaespada Vincent W Keng Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Masonic Cancer Center Department of PediatricsCenter for Genome Engineering University of Minnesota Laboratory Animal services Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin New Territories

The major type of human liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), and there are currently many risk factors that contribute to this deadly disease. The majority of HCC occurrences are associated with chronic hepatitis viral infection, and hepatitis B viral(HBV) infection is currently a major health problem in Eastern Asia. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms associated with HBV-induced HCC has been difficult due to the heterogeneity and genetic complexity associated with this disease. A repertoire of animal models has been broadly used to study the pathophysiology and to develop potential treatment regimens for HBVassociated HCC. The use of these animal models has provided valuable genetic information and has been an important contributor to uncovering the factors involved in liver malignant transformation, invasion and metastasis. Recently, transposon-based mouse models are becoming more widely used in liver cancer research to interrogate the genome by forward genetics and also used to validate genes rapidly in a reverse genetic manner. Importantly, these transposon-based rapid reverse genetic mouse models could become crucial in testing potential therapeutic agents before proceeding to clinical trials in human. Therefore, this review will cover the use of transposon-based mouse models toaddress the problems of liver cancer, especially HBVassociated HCC occurrences in Asia.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Transpo

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Alleviative effects of Cannabis flower on migraine and headache

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第5期18卷 416-424页

作者： sarah sstith Jegason PDiviant Franco Brockelman Keenan Keeling branden Hall storri Lucern Jacob M.Vigil Deparment of Economics Faculy of Economics.University of New MexicoAlbuiquerqueNew Mexico 87131USA Department of Psychology Sudent of Psychologv.University of New Mexico.AlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131.USA Morebetter Ltd.sofwure Developer HatsvileMaryland 20781USA Department of Psycholog Faculy of Psychology.University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131USA

Objective: Few studies to date have measured the real-time effects of consumption of common and commercially available Cannabis products for the treatment of headache and migraine under naturalistic conditions. This study examines, for the first time, the effectiveness of using dried Cannabis flower, the most widely used type of Cannabis product in the United states, in actual time for treatment of headache-and migraine-related pain and the associations between different product characteristics and changes in symptom intensity following Cannabis ***: Between 06/10/2016 and 02/12/2019, 699 people used the Releaf Application to record realtime details of their Cannabis use, including product characteristics and symptom intensity levels prior to and following self-administration;data included 1910 session-level attempts to treat headache-(1328 sessions) or migraine-related pain(582 sessions). Changes in headache-or migraine-related pain intensity were measured on a 0–10 scale prior to, and immediately, following Cannabis ***: Ninety-four percent of users experienced symptom relief within a two-hour observation window. The average symptom intensity reduction was 3.3 points on a 0–10 scale(standard deviation = 2.28,Cohen's d = 1.58), with males experiencing greater relief than females(P sers(s) experience greater relief than older users(P = 0.08). Mixed effects regression models showed that, among the known(i.e., labeled) product characteristics, tetrahydrocannabinol levels 10% and higher are the strongest independent predictors of symptom relief, and this effect is particularly prominent in headache rather than migraine sufferers(P s(P sers(P s and younger users also appear to gain greater symptom relief from flower labeled as ‘‘C. indica" rather than ‘‘C. sativa" or other hybrid ***: These results suggest that whole dried Cannabis flowe

关键词： Migraine Headache Cannabis Marijuana symptom management

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Occam’s razor or Hickam’s dictum-COVID-19 is not a textbook aetiology of acute pancreatitis:A modified Naranjo score appraisal

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第13期29卷 2050-2063页

作者： Thomas Zheng Jie Teng branden Qi Yu Chua Puay Khim Lim Kai siang Chan Vishal G shelat Lee Kong Chian school of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Department of General surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore surgical science Training Centre Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a disease spectrum ranging from mild to severe *** the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,numerous reports of AP have been published,with most authors concluding a causal relationship between COVID-19 and *** case reports or small case series are unable to accurately determine the cause-effect relationship between COVID-19 and *** To establish whether COVID-19 is a cause of AP using the modified Naranjo scoring *** A systematic review was conducted on PubMed,World of science and Embase for articles reporting COVID-19 and AP from inception to August *** criteria were cases of AP which were not reported to be due to COVID-19 infection,ages old,review articles and retrospective cohort *** original 10-item Naranjo scoring system(total score 13)was devised to approximate the likelihood of a clinical presentation to be secondary to an adverse drug *** modified the original scoring system into a 8-item modified Naranjo scoring system(total score 9)to determine the cause-effect relationship between COVID-19 and AP.A cumulative score was decided for each case presented in the included *** of the modified Naranjo scoring system is as follows:≤3:Doubtful,4-6:Possible,≥7:Probable *** The initial search resulted in 909 articles,with 740 articles after removal of duplicates.A total of 67 articles were included in the final analysis,with 76 patients which had AP reported to be due to *** mean age was 47.8(range 18-94)*** of patients(73.3%)had≤7 d between onset of COVID-19 infection and diagnosis of *** were only 45(59.2%)patients who had adequate investigations to rule out common aetiologies(gallstones,choledocholithiasis,alcohol,hypertriglyceridemia,hypercalcemia and trauma)of *** G4 testing was conducted in 9(13.5%)patients to rule out autoimmune *** 5(6.6%)patients underwent endoscopic ultra

关键词： COVID-19 Infections Pancreatic diseases Pancreatitis Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

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Alterations in renin-angiotensin receptors are not responsible for exercise preconditioning of skeletal muscle fibers

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sports Medicine and Health science 2021年第3期3卷 148-156页

作者： branden L.Nguyen Toshinori Yoshihara Rafael Deminice Jensen Lawrence Mustafa Ozdemir Hayden Hyatt scott K.Powers Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesville32611FloridaUSA Department of Exercise Physiology Juntendo UniversityTokyo270-1695Japan Department of Physical Education University of Estadual of LondrinaLondrina10011Brazil

Endurance exercise training promotes a protective phenotype in skeletal muscle known as exercise *** preconditioning protects muscle fibers against a variety of threats including inactivity-induced muscle *** mechanism(s)responsible for exercise preconditioning remain unknown and are explored in these ***,we investigated the impact of endurance exercise training on key components of the renin-angiotensin system(RAs).The RAs was targeted because activation of the classical axis of the RAs pathway via angiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptors(AT1Rs)promotes muscle atrophy whereas activation of the non-classical RAs axis via Mas receptors(MasRs)inhibits the atrophic signaling of the classical RAs *** by prior studies,we hypothesized that an exercise-induced decrease in AT1Rs and/or increases in MasRs in skeletal muscle fibers is a potential mechanism responsible for exercise *** endurance exercise training in rats,we examined the abundance of AT1Rs and MasRs in both locomotor and respiratory *** results indicate that endurance exercise training does not alter the protein abundance of AT1Rs or MasRs in muscle fibers from the diaphragm,plantaris,and soleus muscles compared to sedentary controls(p>0.05).Furthermore,fluorescent angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)binding analyses confirm our results that exercise pre-conditioning does not alter the protein abundance of AT1Rs in the diaphragm,plantaris,and soleus(p>0.05).This study confirms that exercise-induced changes in RAs receptors are not a key mechanism that contributes to the beneficial effects of exercise preconditioning in skeletal muscle fibers.

关键词： Exercise preconditioning Renin-angiotensin system skeletal muscle disuse atrophy skeletal muscle

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