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Alterations in renin-angiotensin receptors are not responsible for exercise preconditioning of skeletal muscle fibers

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第3期3卷 148-156页

作者： branden l.nguyen Toshinori Yoshihara Rafael Deminice Jensen lawrence Mustafa Ozdemir Hayden Hyatt Scott K.Powers Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesville32611FloridaUSA Department of Exercise Physiology Juntendo UniversityTokyo270-1695Japan Department of Physical Education University of Estadual of LondrinaLondrina10011Brazil

Endurance exercise training promotes a protective phenotype in skeletal muscle known as exercise *** preconditioning protects muscle fibers against a variety of threats including inactivity-induced muscle *** mechanism(s)responsible for exercise preconditioning remain unknown and are explored in these ***,we investigated the impact of endurance exercise training on key components of the renin-angiotensin system(RAS).The RAS was targeted because activation of the classical axis of the RAS pathway via angiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptors(AT1Rs)promotes muscle atrophy whereas activation of the non-classical RAS axis via Mas receptors(MasRs)inhibits the atrophic signaling of the classical RAS *** by prior studies,we hypothesized that an exercise-induced decrease in AT1Rs and/or increases in MasRs in skeletal muscle fibers is a potential mechanism responsible for exercise *** endurance exercise training in rats,we examined the abundance of AT1Rs and MasRs in both locomotor and respiratory *** results indicate that endurance exercise training does not alter the protein abundance of AT1Rs or MasRs in muscle fibers from the diaphragm,plantaris,and soleus muscles compared to sedentary controls(p>0.05).Furthermore,fluorescent angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)binding analyses confirm our results that exercise pre-conditioning does not alter the protein abundance of AT1Rs in the diaphragm,plantaris,and soleus(p>0.05).This study confirms that exercise-induced changes in RAS receptors are not a key mechanism that contributes to the beneficial effects of exercise preconditioning in skeletal muscle fibers.

关键词： Exercise preconditioning Renin-angiotensin system Skeletal muscle disuse atrophy Skeletal muscle

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Heterogeneous Oxidation of Methylene Blue with Surface-Modified Iron-Amended Activated Carbon

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第7期4卷 115-122页

作者： Jihyun R. Kim branden Santiano Hyosang Kim Eunsung Kan Department of Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu USA

The present study aims to develop effective adsorption and oxidation of synthetic dye in wastewater by using the newly synthesized iron-amended activated carbon. Recently synthetic dye-containing wastewater has gained more attention due to its mass discharge, high toxicity and low biodegradation. For enhancing adsorption of dye and oxidative regeneration of dye-exhausted activated carbon, the novel amendment of iron-deposited granular activated carbon (GAC) was developed. It was to amend ferrous ion onto the acid-pretreated GAC when pH of iron solution was higher than the pH at point of zero charge (pH, pzc) of the GAC. Methylene blue (MB) in water was adsorbed onto the acid-treated iron- amended GAC (Fe-GAC) followed by single or multiple applications of H2O2. Batch experiments were carried out to study the adsorption isotherm and kinetics indicating adsorption of MB onto the Fe-GAC followed langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetics. The Fe-GACshowed the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 238.1 ± 0.78 mg/g which was higher than the virgin GAC with qm of 175.4 ± 13.6 mg/g at 20?C, pH 6 and the initial concentration of 20 - 200 mg/l. The heterogeneous Fenton oxidation of MB in the Fe-GAC revealedthat increasing the H2O2 loading from 7 to 140 mmol H2O2/mmol MB led to enhancing the oxidation efficiency of MB in the GAC from 62.6% to 100% due to the increased generation of hydroxyl radicals. Further enhancement of oxidation of MB in the Fe-GAC was made by the multiple application of H2O2 while minimizing OH radical scavenging often occurring at high concentration of H2O2. Therefore, the acid-treated iron-amended GAC would provide excellent adsorption capacity for MB and high oxidation efficiency of MB in the GAC with multiple applications of H2O2 and optimum iron loading.

关键词： Adsorption Activated Carbon Iron-Amended Activated Carbon Heterogeneous Oxidation Fenton Oxidation Methylene Blue

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