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Effect of Strain path Reversal on Austenite Grain Subdivision and Deformation Induced Ferrite Transformation Studied by Hot Torsion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 233-237页

作者： Muszka Krzysztof wynne bradley p palmiere Eric J Institute for Microstructural and Mechanical process Engineering The University of SheffieldMappin StreetSheffield S1 3JDUK

The effects of large strain and strain path reversal on the deformation microstructure evolution in austenite below the recrystallisation temperature were studied by hot torsion using a non-transforming Fe-30wt%Ni model austenitic *** show that the high angle boundaries (HABs) can be generated by both microstructure mechanism through dislocation accumulation and texture mechanism via subgrain ***,multiple strain path reversals lead to less well-developed HABs in the original grains compared to single reversal deformed to the same amount of total accumulative *** effect is attributed to the subgrain rotation mechanism being less effective at small *** comparison,the same hot torsion tests were conducted using a microalloyed steel at a temperature between Ae 3 and Ar *** single strain path reversal,substantial deformation-induced austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation was ***,a test with multiple strain path reversals but with the same total strain produces much lower levels of strain-induced ferrite *** difference is correlated to the observations made in the Fe-30wt%Ni model *** is believed that the different amount of strain-induced ferrite originated from the different levels of strain-induced HABs within the austenite which act as ferrite nucleation sites.

关键词： strain induced transformation ultra fine ferrite dislocation boundaries EBSD

Integrated vision-based system for efficient,semi-automated control of a robotic manipulator

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2014年第3期7卷 253-266页

作者： Hairong Jiang Juan p.Wachs bradley S.Duerstock School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering School of Industrial EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA

purpose–The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated,computer vision-based system to operate a commercial wheelchair-mounted robotic manipulator(WMRM).In addition,a gesture recognition interface system was developed specially for individuals with upper-level spinal cord injuries including object tracking and face recognition to function as an efficient,hands-free WMRM ***/methodology/approach–Two Kinects cameras were used synergistically to perform a variety of simple object retrieval *** camera was used to interpret the hand gestures and locate the operator’s face for object positioning,and then send those as commands to control the *** other sensor was used to automatically recognize different daily living objects selected by the *** object recognition module employing the Speeded Up Robust Features algorithm was implemented and recognition results were sent as a commands for“coarse positioning”of the robotic arm near the selected *** face detection was provided as a shortcut enabling the positing of the objects close by the subject’s ***–The gesture recognition interface incorporated hand detection,tracking and recognition algorithms,and yielded a recognition accuracy of 97.5 percent for an eight-gesture ***’completion time were conducted to compare manual(gestures only)and semi-manual(gestures,automatic face detection,and object recognition)WMRM control *** use of automatic face and object detection significantly reduced the completion times for retrieving a variety of daily living ***/value–Integration of three computer vision modules were used to construct an effective and hand-free interface for individuals with upper-limb mobility impairments to control a WMRM.

关键词： Gesture recognition Object recognition Spinal cord injuries Wheelchair-mounted robotic arm

Linking uplift and mineralisation at the Mount Novit Zn-pb-Ag Deposit,Northern Australia:Evidence from geology,U-pb geochronology and sphalerite geochemistry

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 333-350页

作者： bradley Cave William perkins Richard Lilly Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Geological Survey of Queensland BrisbaneQLDAustralia

The subeconomic Mount Novit Zn-pb-Ag deposit is located approximately 20 km south of Mount Isa,*** contrast to the nearby Mount Isa,Hilton and George Fisher Zn-pb-Ag deposits,mineralisation at Mount Novit is situated to the west of the regional-scale Mount Isa Fault and is hosted in the Moondarra Siltstone as opposed to the Urquhart ***-grade(pb)Zn-pb-Ag mineralisation primarily replaces pre-existing carbonate alteration and veining and consists of pyrrhotite,pyrite and sphalerite with lesser ***-grade(>10 wt.%Zn+pb)mineralisation occurs as a matrix supported breccia dominated by sphalerite and pyrrhotite with galena,pyrite,and ***-situ U-pb geochronology was completed on apatite and two textural varieties of ***-grained(pb-Ag mineralisation and yields a mean weighted^(207)pb/^(206)pb age of 1527±18 Ma(MSWD=1.06).This age is consistent with the formation of highly foliated biotite alteration during D;deformation of the Isan *** from the same fabric yields a lower intercept age of1443±29 Ma(MSWD=1.30).Consistent with previous studies,this age is interpreted to represent the age of a major thrusting event along the Mount Isa Fault that resulted in the cooling of the Mount Novit area below~375℃.Coarse-grained monazite is coeval with Zn-pb-Ag mineralisation and yields a mean weighted^(207)pb/^(206)pb age of 1457±11 Ma(MSWD=0.28).Sphalerite from Mount Novit has low concentrations(ppm)of Ge and Ga and a relatively high concentration of In(5 to>10 ppm),possibly reflecting the leaching of the metals from an underlying basement *** GGIMFis geothermometer(Frenzel et al.,2016)produced a mean formation temperature of 345±52℃.The timing and temperature of Zn-pb-Ag mineralisation is consistent with the age and cooling temperature of apatite presented in this *** on these correlations,we

关键词： Mount Isa Mount Novit Zn-pb-Ag mineralisation Monazite Apatite Geochronology

The silent spermatozoon： are man-made endocrine disruptors killing male fertility？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 165-168,I0004页

作者： bradley D Anawalt Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

In 1992, a Danish group led by Skakkebaek , reported in a meta-analysis that global mean sperm counts were fallingandthat testicular cancer, hypospadias and cryptorchidism were increasing. They hypothesized that environmental factors were the cause. Their rectaanalysis was criticized subsequently for many methodological flaws. However, their controversial metamlysls and hypothesis spurred pubfic and scientific interest in the study of male reproductive function and stimulated more rigorous scientific work in the area. Subsequent research has not convincingly supported their hypothesis, However, it is caudal to continue high quality studies of the effects of drugs and manmade pollutants on male eeproductlve function.

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Minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer: Are we there yet?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 862-866页

作者： bradley J Champagne Rohit Makhija Division of Colorectal Surgery University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland OH 44106United States Laparoscopic Colorectal Fellow University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland OH 44106 United States

Laparoscopic colon surgery for select cancers is slowly evolving as the standard of care but minimally invasive approaches for rectal cancer have been viewed with significant skepticism. This procedure has been performed by select surgeons at specialized centers and concerns over local recurrence, sexual dysfunction and appropriate training measures have further hindered widespread acceptance. Data for laparoscopic rectal resection now supports its continued implementation and widespread usage by expeienced surgeons for select patients. The current controversies regarding technical approaches have created ambiguity amongst opinion leaders and are also addressed in this review.

关键词： Laparoscopic Rectal cancer Minimally invasive Mesorectal excision

Utilizing a novel fiber optic technology to capture the axial responses of fully grouted rock bolts

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第2期10卷 222-235页

作者： Nicholas Vlachopoulos Daniel Cruz bradley Forbes Department of Civil Engineering Royal Military College of Canada Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen's UniversityKingston

Rock bolts are one of the primary support systems utilized in underground excavations within the civil and mining engineering industries. Rock bolts support the weakened rock mass adjacent to the opening of an excavation by fastening to the more stable, undisturbed formations further from the excavation. The overall response of such a support element has been determined under varying loading conditions in the laboratory and in situ experiments in the past four decades; however, due to the limitations with conventional monitoring methods of capturing strain, there still exists a gap in knowledge associated with an understanding of the geomechanical responses of rock bolts at the microscale. In this paper, we try to address this current gap in scientific knowledge by utilizing a newly developed distributed optical strain sensing(DOS) technology that provides an exceptional spatial resolution of 0.65 mm to capture the strain along the rock bolt. This DOS technology utilizes Rayleigh optical frequency domain reflectometry(ROFDR) which provides unprecedented insight into various mechanisms associated with axially loaded rebar specimens of different embedment lengths, grouting materials, borehole annulus conditions, and borehole diameters. The embedment length of the specimens was found to be the factor that significantly affected the loading of the rebar. The critical embedment length for the fully grouted rock bolts(FGRBs) was systematically determined to be430 mm. The results herein highlight the effects of the variation of these individual parameters on the geomechanical responses FGRBs.

关键词： Fiber optic technology Fully grouted rock bolts Load transfer Stress distribution

A Systematic Spectroscopic Study of Four Apollo Lunar Soils

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第5期22卷 578-585页

作者：凌宗成 Alian Wang bradley L Jolliff School of Space Science and physics & Shandong provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy & Solar-Terrestrial Environment Shandong University Weihai 264209 China Department of Earth & planetary Sciences and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences Washington University St. Louis MO 63130 United States National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China

A systematic spectroscopic study including Raman, Mid-IR, N1R, and VIS-NIR, is used to investigate four endmember lunar soils. Apollo soils （〈45 μm） 14163, 15271, 67511, and 71501 were selected as endmembers to study, based on their soil chemistry, maturity against space weathering, and the sampling locations. These endmembers include an anorthositic highlands soil （67511）, a low-Ti basaltic soil （15271）, a high-Ti basaltic soil （71501）, and a mafic, KREEpy, impact-melt-rich soil （14163）. We used a laser Raman point-counting procedure to derive mineral modes of the soils and the compositional distributions of major mineral phases, which in turn reflect characteristics of the main source materials for these soils. The Mid-IR, NIR, and VIS-NIR spectroscopic properties also yield distinct information on mineralogy, geochemistry, and maturity among the four soils. Knowledge of the mineralogy resulting from the Raman point-counting procedure corresponds well with bulk mineralogy and soil properties based on Mid-IR, NIR, and VIS-NIR spectroscopy. The future synergistic application of these spectroscopy methods on the Moon will provide a linkage between the results from in situ surface exploration and those from orbital remotesensing observations.

关键词： geochemistry mineralogy planetary structural geology.

THE OpTIMIZATION OF BUILDING DECONSTRUCTION FOR DEpARTMENT OF DEFENSE FACILITIES:*** DECONSTRUCTION pROJECT

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Journal of Green Building 2006年第1期1卷 102-122页

作者： bradley Guy Hamer Center for Community Design The Pennsylvania State University

Deconstruction is the selective dismantling of building structures to recover the maximum amount of primarily reusable and secondarily recyclable materials in a safe and cost-effective *** is a labor intensive process and can be difficult to achieve in a time-efficient and economical manner for light wood-framed *** techniques that balance hand and mechanical labor must be developed to maintain the integrity of materials for reuse and obtain maximum salvage value per unit of cost and *** project entailed the removal of three identical WWII-era two-story wood-framed barracks buildings at *** Army Base,Anniston,AL,using hand deconstruction,combined mechanical and hand deconstruction techniques,and a traditional demolition method,i.e.,mechanical reduction and disposal,in order to determine“optimal”deconstruction techniques based on salvage value per unit of *** maximum practical materials salvage from the study buildings using 100%hand deconstruction techniques was 39%of the mass by weight.A combination of hand and mechanical techniques was discovered to have approximately the same economic efficiency as 100%hand deconstruction,measured as a ratio of gross cost per salvage value,with a 44.6%reduction in total labor-hours,and a reduction of only 7%of salvage materials by *** findings indicate the potential for greatly increasing wood-framed building deconstruction practice relative to the additional time-on-site and labor that is required,compared to demolition,while optimizing economic *** paper describes the research methods and deconstruction techniques employed,and lessons learned to advance the practice of deconstruction to be more economically competitive and time-efficient.

关键词： demolition deconstruction building materials reuse building salvage building dismantling

The Silk Road and Sources of Chinese Medicine Expansion:part 2-Formularies

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2018年第2期1卷 68-70页

作者： Sean bradley Department of Asian Languages and Literature University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Medicines have been traded along the Silk Road from antiquity until modern *** products and their associated knowledge have been transferred over the land and sea between Asia,Europe,and *** texts that contain formulas and treatments passed along the Silk *** of these formulas and treatment methods called formularies contain unique information that informs this transfer of *** texts and information flowed in both directions along these routes and while Chinese medicine influenced foreign medical practices both in history,and today,the incorporation of non-Chinese medicine and information also continues to influence Chinese medicine.

关键词： Chinese medicine formulary history Materia medica Silk Road