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先天性腭裂儿童中枢性听觉处理能力的行为测听研究

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广东牙病防治 2015年第9期23卷 476-479页

作者：杨峰束煌丁桂聪 bradley mcpherson 深圳市儿童医院口腔科广东深圳518000 香港大学言语及听觉科学系

目的研究先天性腭裂儿童的中枢性听觉处理能力是否存在障碍。方法对34例先天性腭裂儿童进行中枢听觉处理能力测验并与对照组30名正常儿童比较,测验采用噪音下语言感知测试(hearing in noise test,HINT)、音调花样序列测试(pitch pattern... 详细信息

目的研究先天性腭裂儿童的中枢性听觉处理能力是否存在障碍。方法对34例先天性腭裂儿童进行中枢听觉处理能力测验并与对照组30名正常儿童比较,测验采用噪音下语言感知测试(hearing in noise test,HINT)、音调花样序列测试(pitch pattern sequence test,PPST)以及双耳数字分听测试(dichotic digits test,DDT),观察各项测验结果差异是否具有统计学意义。结果 HINT测试(安静条件)腭裂组与对照组结果分别为(10.48±2.12)分贝及(9.82±2.27)分贝,两组间差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.93,P=0.360);而噪音条件下的HINT测试结果为腭裂组(-5.61±1.80)分贝,对照组(-9.01±1.49)分贝,腭裂组弱于对照组(Z=-5.31,P=0.005);PPST测试结果为腭裂组(94.23±2.81)分(左耳)、(93.13±3.42)分(右耳),对照组(97.65±2.88)分(左耳)、(96.97±3.45)分(右耳),腭裂组得分均低于对照组(左耳Z=-2.18,P=0.019;右耳Z=-4.41,P=0.026);DDT测试结果为腭裂组(90.54±2.22)分,对照组(96.89±2.04)分,腭裂组得分较低(Z=-3.63,P=0.011)。结论先天性腭裂儿童在噪音下的听觉感知能力降低,对高低频音调分辨能力不足,对复杂声音信息的整合能力较差,可能存在中枢性听觉障碍。

关键词：先天性腭裂听力障碍中枢性听觉处理障碍

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儿童中枢听觉处理障碍的诊断方法及展望

中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2014年第2期12卷 113-118页

作者：马潇然 bradley mcpherson[澳大利亚] 杨峰香港大学教育学院言语与听觉科学系香港999077 深圳市儿童医院深圳 518026

根据美国言语语言听力协会（American Speech-Language-Hearing Association，ASHA）对中枢听觉处理障碍[Central Auditory Processing Disorder，（C）APD]的定义[1]，在以下项目中有一项或多项出现障碍，即可认为是中枢听觉处理障碍... 详细信息

根据美国言语语言听力协会（American Speech-Language-Hearing Association，ASHA）对中枢听觉处理障碍[Central Auditory Processing Disorder，（C）APD]的定义[1]，在以下项目中有一项或多项出现障碍，即可认为是中枢听觉处理障碍，包括声源定位和优势偏向、听觉信号分辨、听觉模式识别、时间处理及在畸变信号或竞争信号下的听觉能力。英国听力学会（British Society of Audiology, BSA）定义（C）APD为损伤的大脑结构引起的障碍，同时强调其并非由注意力或记忆力等其他认知处理功能的异常所引起[2]。（C）APD最常见的症状为噪声下言语识别能力的下降和声源定位困难，它既存在于儿童中也存在于成人中。由于大部分（C）APD发现于儿童阶段，症状并不能随着个体自身的听觉神经发育和成熟而好转，因此，（C）APD的诊断正确性和康复效果将影响患者一生的学习和生活。目前，在中国（C）APD的临床诊断还处于起步阶段，筛查和诊断工具特别是听觉问卷和行为检查测试材料的开发鲜有报道。本文将重点讨论学龄儿童的（C）APD诊断方法，希望对该领域的发展起到借鉴和促进作用。

关键词：听觉处理学龄儿童诊断方法中枢英国听力学会听觉信号言语识别能力声源定位

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唇腭裂患儿高级听觉中枢的MRI形态学研究

临床口腔医学杂志 2012年第7期28卷 430-432页

作者：束煌杨峰丁桂聪向葵 bradley mcpherson 王骥深圳市儿童医院口腔科广东深圳518026 香港大学言语及听力科学系深圳市儿童医院放射科广东深圳518026

目的:通过对2岁以下唇腭裂患儿采用磁共振成像(MRI)的形态学研究方法,调查低龄唇腭裂患儿高级听觉中枢可能的结构异常。方法:选取6月～2岁唇腭裂患儿18例及年龄相匹配的正常对照组婴儿18例,分别在1.5T磁共振成像仪上扫描采集脑结构数据... 详细信息

目的:通过对2岁以下唇腭裂患儿采用磁共振成像(MRI)的形态学研究方法,调查低龄唇腭裂患儿高级听觉中枢可能的结构异常。方法:选取6月～2岁唇腭裂患儿18例及年龄相匹配的正常对照组婴儿18例,分别在1.5T磁共振成像仪上扫描采集脑结构数据,运用FreeSurfer软件重建脑结构并对各部分进行测量,对2组数据采用多元协方差分析方法,进行组间比较。结果:唇腭裂组患儿的左侧大脑灰质、左侧丘脑和左侧颞上平面(听觉皮层所在区域)的体积显著小于正常对照组,左侧颞上平面的厚度也显著低于正常对照组。右侧大脑半球、右侧丘脑及脑干的体积与正常对照组无显著性差异。结论:唇腭裂患儿的高级听觉中枢可能有异于正常儿童。这种异常也许构成了其中枢性听觉处理障碍(APD)的神经生物学基础。

关键词：唇腭裂磁共振成像听觉中枢

唇腭裂患儿认知相关脑区的磁共振结构影像学分析

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中国CT和MRI杂志 2012年第3期10卷 14-17页

作者：谢娜杨峰干芸根 bradley mcpherson 向葵束煌林飞飞广东省深圳市儿童医院放射科广东深圳518026 香港大学教育学院交流与沟通障碍研究中心广东省深圳市儿童医院口腔科

目的采用统计参数图软件中最新的脑形态测量工具包DARTEL,探讨唇腭裂患儿与认知相关的脑区组织的改变。方法采用GE1.5TMRI成像系统,对10例唇腭裂患儿及10例正常对照组婴儿进行全脑扫描,获取高分辨MRT1加权图像,图像的处理采用SPM8中的DA... 详细信息

目的采用统计参数图软件中最新的脑形态测量工具包DARTEL,探讨唇腭裂患儿与认知相关的脑区组织的改变。方法采用GE1.5TMRI成像系统,对10例唇腭裂患儿及10例正常对照组婴儿进行全脑扫描,获取高分辨MRT1加权图像,图像的处理采用SPM8中的DARTEL工具包进行。计算得到每个被试的灰质及白质密度和体积,而后采用双样本t检验,先采用体素水平的p<0.005作为最初阈值,然后将团簇水平的校正后p<0.05作为确定显著区域的条件,比较唇腭裂患儿与正常对照组间差异。结果与正常对照相比,唇腭裂患儿多个与认知相关的脑区与正常对照组存在差异,涉及的脑区主要为:双侧额叶内侧、辅助运动区、中扣带、双侧丘脑的背内侧核的灰质以及左侧顶叶皮层下白质。结论唇腭裂患儿与认知相关脑区的结构可能异于正常人群,提示应当早期对此类患儿进行认知功能检查和干预。

关键词：唇腭裂磁共振成像认知脑形态 DARTEL

Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： Sourav Dutta Seungmin Noh Roger Sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen Salvador Pané bradley J.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIST‑ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑Scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and *** propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable ***,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical ***,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental ***,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

Spreadability of powders for additive manufacturing: A critical review of metrics and characterisation methods

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 211-234页

作者： Talebi, Fatemeh A. Haydari, Zobaideh Salehi, Hamid Mehrabi, Mozhdeh Gardy, Jabbar bradley, Mike Bayly, Andrew E. Hassanpour, Ali Univ Leeds Sch Chem & Proc Engn Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Greenwich Sch Engn Greenwich ME4 4TB England Cormica Ltd Listerhills Sci PkCampus Rd Bradford BD7 1HR England

Powder bed fusion methods of additive manufacturing (AM) require consistent, reproducible, and uniform layers of powder for the reliable production of high-quality parts, where properties of powder are central to achieving this. Among these properties, powder flowability and spreadability play critical roles in determining the quality of these powder layers. While extensive research has been conducted on powder flow and spreading behaviour, and on their characterisation, there is little critical comparison and review of these terms in the context of AM. Such a review is necessary to further develop and enhance our comprehension of spreading dynamics and its relation to powder properties in AM systems. This review paper aims to build a coherent understanding of the correlation between powder characteristics and spreading in powder based additive manufacturing and its impact on manufactured parts. It highlights the current progress in comprehending spreading dynamics, the influence of powder characteristics, environmental conditions, spreading system, and the development of testing tools to assess powder spreadability. Furthermore, the paper critically discusses the challenge of finding appropriate quantitative metrics and recent advances in the use of standardised methods for evaluating powder spreadability. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// ***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Powder spreading Powder flowability Powder properties Quality of layer and final products DISCRETE ELEMENT SIMULATION PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION SPREADING PROCESS FLOW PROPERTIES NUMERICAL-SIMULATION DENSITY BULK FLOWABILITY SEGREGATION BEHAVIOR

Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： Edward J Wu bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert M Szabo Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand *** the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy *** The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CMC *** A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CMC *** were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic *** Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their *** who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their *** of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional *** of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and freque

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

基于丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯共聚物交联剂的壳聚糖水凝胶的生物相容性研究

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材料导报 2024年第12期38卷 234-243页

作者：杨水艳盛扬孙一新蔡仁钦 Mark bradley 张嵘常州大学材料科学与工程学院江苏常州213164 大博医疗科技有限公司基础研究院福建厦门361026 英国爱丁堡大学化学学院英国爱丁堡EH93JJ

壳聚糖作为一种天然的氨基多糖,拥有良好的生物相容性和资源可再生性,但是较差的力学性能限制了其更广泛的应用。本研究以丙烯酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯为单体聚合得到三元共聚物大分子交联剂,然后将其与壳聚糖溶液... 详细信息

壳聚糖作为一种天然的氨基多糖,拥有良好的生物相容性和资源可再生性,但是较差的力学性能限制了其更广泛的应用。本研究以丙烯酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯为单体聚合得到三元共聚物大分子交联剂,然后将其与壳聚糖溶液混合后制备壳聚糖水凝胶。采用红外、热重、SEM等对合成的聚合物及壳聚糖凝胶的组成、形貌和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明,丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯共聚物的数均分子量为111900,具有一定的水溶性,与壳聚糖形成的水凝胶有良好的力学性能、溶胀性能和水蒸气渗透速率。在PBS(pH=7.4)中交联的凝胶膜与酸性条件下制备的凝胶膜相比,热分解温度提高,水接触角变大,力学性能得到较大提升。细胞毒性实验表明壳聚糖凝胶有良好的生物相容性,人脂肪干细胞在壳聚糖凝胶膜上会形成细胞簇并分泌外泌体。将壳聚糖凝胶膜覆盖在脂肪干细胞上,细胞能正常生长并分泌外泌体。因此,壳聚糖凝胶具有负载外泌体后应用于皮肤敷料的潜力。

关键词：壳聚糖丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯水凝胶外泌体

Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim John B.Finlay Tiffany Ko bradley J.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia