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Short-term effects of post-fire mulching with straw or wood chips on soil properties of semi-arid forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第6期34卷 1777-1790页

作者： Manuel Esteban Lucas borja Demetrio Antonio Zema Department of Agroforestry Technology Science and GeneticsSchool of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringCampus Universitario s/nCastilla La Mancha UniversityE-02071 Castilla La ManchaAlbaceteSpain Department AGRARIA “Mediterranea”University of Reggio CalabriaLocalitàFeo di VitoI-89122 Reggio CalabriaItaly

Few studies have compared the variability of soil properties using different types of mulches in semi-arid *** study evaluated the changes in physico-chemical soil properties in a semi-arid forest of Central Eastern Spain,where straw and pine wood chips were distributed as mulch three months after a *** were sampled under burned and unmulched and burned and mulched plots three and nine months after the *** data was processed using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Analytical Hierarchical Cluster Analysis(AHCA).Mulching with straw or wood chips did not have any significant effects on the texture and chemical properties of burned sites few months after the *** contrast,significant changes are expected over time in organic matter,nutrients and many *** were no significant differences in soil properties between the two *** low changes were confirmed by PCA coupled with AHCA,which did not show a clear distinction among the three soil ***,a noticeable and significant variability of many of these properties over time was *** study shows that mulching does not degrade of soil properties in the short-term after a wildfire and after post-fire treatments,and thus helps protect semi-arid forest ecosystems against the negative impacts of high-severity fires.

关键词： Post-fire management High-severity fire Aridisols Erosion Vegetal residues incorporation Soil degradation

How Software Engineering Transforms Organizations: An Open and Qualitative Study on the Organizational Objectives and Motivations in Agile Transformations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 2935-2966页

作者： Alonso Alvarez borja Bordel Sánchez Department of Informatic Systems Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain

Agile Transformations are challenging processes for organizations that look to extend the benefits of Agile philosophy and methods beyond software *** the impact of these transformations on orga-nizations,they have not been extensively studied in *** conducted a study grounded in workshops and interviews with 99 participants from 30 organizations,including organizations undergoing transformations(“final organizations”)and companies supporting these processes(“consultants”).The study aims to understand the motivations,objectives,and factors driving and challenging these *** 700 responses were collected to the question and categorized into 32 *** findings show that organizations primarily aim to achieve customer centricity and adaptability,both with 8%of the *** primary important objectives,with above 4%of mentions,include alignment of goals,lean delivery,sustainable processes,and a flatter,more team-based organizational *** also detect discrepancies in perspectives between the objectives identified by the two kinds of organizations and the existing agile literature and *** misalignment highlights the need for practitioners to understand with the practical realities the organizations face.

关键词： Business agility agile agile transformations agile enterprises adaptive organizations adaptability agile software development software engineering computer engineering

Measuring Natural Hazard-Related Disasters through Self-Reports

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第4期12卷 540-552页

作者： Ben Edwards Matthew Gray Judith B.borja Centre for Social Research and Methods Australian National UniversityCanberra2601Australia University of San Carlos–Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc.(USC-OPS)6000Cebu CityPhilippines

Exposure to multiple natural hazard-related disasters will become more common due to climate *** article reports on the development and validation of a cumulative measure of exposure to natural hazard-related disasters(2013–2017)at the area level,and an individual-level measure of disaster impact using data from the Longitudinal Cohort Study on the Filipino Child and linked data from the International Disaster Database(EM-DAT).Caregiver reports of cumulative exposure to disasters had statistically significant associations with disasters reported by neighborhood officials and with disasters in *** ecometric techniques we generated a reliable community average measure of exposure to natural hazard-related *** on neighbor but not individual self-reports this exogenous measure of disaster exposure in the local area was more strongly related to EM-DAT and official neighborhood reports than individual *** capture household variation we developed an individual-level measure of disaster *** impact was associated with measures of exposure(individual and community average),community ratings by officials,and EM-DAT but only moderately associated with the community average *** the community average and disaster impacts measures were associated with household income and the adequacy of income in households.

关键词： Disaster exposure Measuring disasters Philippines Socioeconomic impacts Social surveys Subjective indicators

The floristic relationship between the upland and lowland Carboniferous wetlands of Variscan Euramerica——Evidence from some medullosalean pteridosperm fronds

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第2期8卷 130-141页

作者： Christopher J.Cleal borja Cascales-Mi?ana Department of Natural Sciences National Museum Wales CNRS University of Lille

Alethopteris grandinii represents remains of fronds of a medullosalean pteridosperm(probably a small tree) that rapidly migrated across the lowland wetland habitats of Variscan Euramerica in middle Asturian(late Moscovian)*** was probably caused by changing drainage patterns within the lowland coal swamps,in response to climate and landscape ***,these medullosaleans had first appeared rather earlier,in early Bolsovian(early Moscovian) times,in upland wetland *** upland habitats may have pre-adapted these plants to the changed condition in the lowland coal swamps.

关键词： Carboniferous Coal swamps Medullosales Upland Migration

Combination strategies for pharmacologic treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5129-5140页

作者： Jaspreet Suri Sebastian borja Joseph K Lim Department of Gastroenterology Norwalk HospitalNorwalkCT 06856United States Department of Internal Medicine Norwalk HospitalNorwalkCT 06850United States Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is defined as hepatic steatosis, inflammation,and hepatocyte injury with or without fibrosis. It has emerged as thesecond leading indication for liver transplantation with a rising death rate in thenon-transplantable population. While there are many drugs in evaluation,currently no approved therapies are on the market for this condition. Given thisimportance, the Food and Drug Administration has provided formal guidanceregarding drug development for stopping or reversing NASH or NASH associatedfibrosis. The complex pathogenesis of NASH and its bidirectional relationshipwith metabolic syndrome has highlighted multiple drugs of interest thataddress metabolic, inflammatory, and fibrotic factors. A few promising liverspecific targets include farnesoid X receptor agonists and peroxisome proliferatoractivatedreceptor agonists. Previously studied drug classes such as glucagon-likepeptide-1 analogs or sodium/glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors have alsodemonstrated ability to improve hepatic steatosis. Here we discuss currentrationale, scientific work, and preliminary data in combining multiple drugs forthe purposes of a multimodal attack on the pathogenesis of NASH. We highlightmultiple Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies that demonstrate the potential to achieve aresponse rate higher than previously assessed monotherapies for this ***, one of these combination strategies may rise above in its safety andefficacy to become a part of a standardized approach to NASH.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fatty liver Combination treatment Drug therapy Pharmacologic treatment Clinical trials

A Probabilistic Trust Model and Control Algorithm to Protect 6G Networks against Malicious Data Injection Attacks in Edge Computing Environments

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 631-654页

作者： borja Bordel Sánchez Ramón Alcarria Tomás Robles Department of Computer Systems Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain Department of Geospatial Engineering Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain

Future 6G communications are envisioned to enable a large catalogue of pioneering *** will range from networked Cyber-Physical Systems to edge computing devices,establishing real-time feedback control loops critical for managing Industry 5.0 deployments,digital agriculture systems,and essential *** provision of extensive machine-type communications through 6G will render many of these innovative systems autonomous and *** full automation will enhance industrial efficiency significantly,it concurrently introduces new cyber risks and *** particular,unattended systems are highly susceptible to trust issues:malicious nodes and false information can be easily introduced into control ***,Denialof-Service attacks can be executed by inundating the network with valueless *** anomaly detection schemes require the entire transformation of the control software to integrate new steps and can only mitigate anomalies that conform to predefined mathematical *** based on an exhaustive data collection to detect anomalies are precise but extremely *** models,with their limited understanding of mobile networks,can achieve precision rates no higher than 75%.Therefore,more general and transversal protection mechanisms are needed to detect malicious behaviors *** paper introduces a probabilistic trust model and control algorithm designed to address this *** model determines the probability of any node to be *** channels are pruned for those nodes whose probability is below a given *** trust control algorithmcomprises three primary phases,which feed themodel with three different probabilities,which are weighted and ***,anomalous nodes are identified using Gaussian mixture models and clustering ***,traffic patterns are studied using digital Bessel functions and the functional scalar ***,the in

关键词： 6G networks noise injection attacks Gaussian mixture model Bessel function traffic filter Volterra filter

Stochastic Models to Mitigate Sparse Sensor Attacks in Continuous-Time Non-Linear Cyber-Physical Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3189-3218页

作者： borja Bordel Sánchez Ramón Alcarria Tomás Robles Information Technologies Department Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain Geospatial Information Department Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain

Cyber-Physical Systems are very vulnerable to sparse sensor *** current protection mechanisms employ linear and deterministic models which cannot detect attacks ***,in this paper,we propose a new non-linear generalized model to describe Cyber-Physical *** model includes unknown multivariable discrete and continuous-time functions and different multiplicative noises to represent the evolution of physical processes and randomeffects in the physical and ***,the digitalization stage in hardware devices is represented *** and most critical sparse sensor attacks are described through a stochastic *** reconstruction and protectionmechanisms are based on aweighted *** probability in data samples is estimated through different indicators commonly employed in non-linear dynamics(such as the Fourier transform,first-return maps,or the probability density function).A decision algorithm calculates the final reconstructed value considering the previous error *** experimental validation based on simulation tools and real deployments is also carried ***,the new technology performance and scalability are *** prove that the proposed solution protects Cyber-Physical Systems against up to 92%of attacks and perturbations,with a computational delay below 2.5 *** proposed model shows a linear complexity,as recursive or iterative structures are not employed,just algebraic and probabilistic *** conclusion,the new model and reconstructionmechanism can protect successfully Cyber-Physical Systems against sparse sensor attacks,even in dense or pervasive deployments and scenarios.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems sparse sensor attack non-linear models stochastic models security

New sciences&technologies in soil conservation and eco-sustainability

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 412-414页

作者： Paolo Tarolli Manuel EstebanLucas-borja Guoqiang Yu Xiangzhou Xu Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale Dell'Universita 16LegnaroPD35020Italy School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry Engineering Castilla La Mancha UniversityCampus Universitario s/nE-02071AlbaceteSpain Xi'an Center of Geological Survey China Geological SurveyXi'an710499China School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

Soil conservation is necessary to achieve a sustainable world because soils play a crucial role in the Earth's *** the same time,the applicable and precise methods are vital to obtaining credible data in soil studies.A collection of 10 articles have been organized to focus on the new technologies regarding soil conservation and eco-sustainability and the results related to the novel *** articles put effort into the innovative works of field investigations,field experiments,model experiments,and nu-merical *** questions baffling soil scientists have been clarified and solved,and many valuable insights have been aroused.

关键词： Development Soil loss Soil conservation Eco-sustainability

Assessing the benthic quality status of the Bohai Bay(China)with proposed modifications of M-AMBI

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第10期34卷 111-121页

作者： CAI Wenqian borja Angel LIN Kuixuan ZHU Yanzhong ZHOU Juan LIU Lusan State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coastal Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Marine Research Division AZTI-Tecnalia

Multivariate AZTI＇s Marine Biotic Index （M-AMBI） was designed to indicate the ecological status of European coastal areas. Based upon samples collected from 2009 to 2012 in the Bohai Bay, we have tested the response of variations of M-AMBI, using biomass （M-BAMBI） in the calculations, with different transformations of the raw data. The results showed that the ecological quality of most areas in the study indicated by M-AMBI was from moderate to bad status with the worse status in the coastal areas, especially around the estuaries, harbors and ouffalls, and better status in the offshore areas except the area close to oil platforms or disposal sites. Despite large variations in nature of the input data, all variations of M-AMBI gave similar spatial and temporal distribution patterns of the ecological status within the bay, and showed high correlation between them. The agreement of new ecological status obtained from all M-AMBI variations, which were calculated according to linear regression, was almost perfect. The benthic quality, assessed using different input data, could be related to human pressures in the bay, such as water discharges, land reclamation, dredged sediment and drilling cuts disposal sites. It seems that M-BAMBI were more effective than M-NABMI （M-AMBI calculated using abundance data） in indicating human pressures of the Bay. Finally, indices calculated with more severe transformations, such as presence/absence data, could not indicate the higher density of human pressures in the coastal areas of the north part of our study area, but those calculated using mild transformation （i.e., square root） did.

关键词： macrozoobenthos M-AMBI abundance biomass data transformation ecological status