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Adaptation to a novel host and performance trade-off in host-generalist and host-specific insect ectoparasites

Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 567-580页

作者： Irina S.Khokhlova Luther van der mescht Elizabeth m.Warburton Nadezhda A.Stavtseva boris R.Krasnov Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of DrylandsJacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevSede Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben-GurionIsrael mitrani Department of Desert Ecology Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy ResearchJacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevSede Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben-GurionIsrael Clinvet International Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases Odum School of EcologyUniversity of Georgia

We investigated the performance trade-offs of fleas(Siphonaptera)while adapting to a novel host using two host generalists(Xenopsylla conformis and Xenopsylla ramesis)and one host specialist(Parapulex chephrenis)maintained on their principal hosts(meriones crassus for Xenopsylla and Acomys cahirinus for ***).We asked whether,over generations,(i)a host generalist may become a specialist by evolving the ability to exploit a novel host and losing the ability to exploit an original host and(ii)a host specialist can become a generalist by evolving the ability to exploit a novel host without losing the ability to exploit an original *** established an experimental line of each species on a novel host(Acomys russatus for Xenopsylla and *** for ***)and maintained this line on this host during 23 *** compared reproductive performance of progenitors of each line and their descendants when they exploited either original or novel host in terms of egg number and size,hatching success,offspring production,and offspring *** found changes in performance over generations in female offspring size *** conformis demonstrated a tendency to become a host specialist(increased performance on the novel host with a concomitant decreased performance on the original host),whereas *** demonstrated a tendency to become a host generalist(increased performance on the novel host without a concomitant decreased performance on the original host).We conclude that the probability of generalist to specialist transition,and vice versa,is context-dependent and varies between species.

关键词： experimental evolution fleas generalist performance rodents specialist

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On-the-fly active learning of interpretable Bayesian force fields for atomistic rare events

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npj Computational materials 2020年第1期6卷 1502-1512页

作者： Jonathan Vandermause Steven B.Torrisi Simon Batzner Yu Xie Lixin Sun Alexie m.Kolpak boris Kozinsky Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Center for Computational Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Bosch Research CambridgeMA 02139USA

machine learned force fields typically require manual construction of training sets consisting of thousands of first principles calculations,which can result in low training efficiency and unpredictable errors when applied to structures not represented in the training set of the *** severely limits the practical application of these models in systems with dynamics governed by important rare events,such as chemical reactions and *** present an adaptive Bayesian inference method for automating the training of interpretable,low-dimensional,and multi-element interatomic force fields using structures drawn on the fly from molecular dynamics *** an active learning framework,the internal uncertainty of a Gaussian process regression model is used to decide whether to accept the model prediction or to perform a first principles calculation to augment the training set of the *** method is applied to a range of single-and multi-element systems and shown to achieve a favorable balance of accuracy and computational efficiency,while requiring a minimal amount of ab initio training *** provide a fully opensource implementation of our method,as well as a procedure to map trained models to computationally efficient tabulated force fields.

关键词： fields element typically

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Blast Furnace Operation Using Information on Active Burden Weight

Blast Furnace Operation Using Information on Active Burden W...

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第五届国际炼铁科技大会

作者： marsuverskiy boris A mechel management OOO 125993

Patents [1-3] are proposed for consideration, as their introduction will allow to control continuously the active weight of a column of melting materials in the upper half of the shaft （Kw）, the thickness of a blanket of kish in the lower part of the shaft and the bosh, and height and radius of inactive materials in the hearth. Through controlling a blast furnace operation "from above" and "from below", it is possible to conduct the process in an intensive mode for high-productivity work （Кw = 0.50-0.60）, in a economy-mode of specific fuel consumption （Кw = 0.60-0.70） or in conditions where Кw = 0.50, promoting formation of kish with maximum thickness, for prolongation of the campaign of the furnace. Testing of the Automatic Operation System using information on active burden weight was conducted on the blast furnace with the storage capacity of 2000m3 at Cherepovets metallurgical plant.

关键词： active burden weight working the heat hang-up burden transfer zone inactive materials kish campaign

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TIPSS for variceal hemorrhage after living related liver transplantation:A dangerous indication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第3期12卷 493-495页

作者： Peter Schemmer boris Radeleff Christa Flechtenmacher Arianeb mehrabi Gtz m Richter markus W Büchler Jan Schmidt Department of General Surgery Ruprecht-KarlsUniversity69120 HeidelbergGermany Department of RadiologyRuprecht-Karls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany Department of PathologyRuprechtKarls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany

The introduction of transjugular intrahepatic portalsystemic stent-shunt （TIPSS） has been a major breakthrough in the treatment of portal hypertension, which has evolved to a large extent, into a routine procedure. A 21-year-old male patient with progressive graft fibrosis/cirrhosis requiring TIPSS for variceal hemorrhage in the esophagus due to portal hypertension was unresponsive to conventional measures two years after living related liver transplantation （LDLT）. Subsequently, variceal hemorrhage was controlled, however, liver function decreased dramatically with consecutive multi organ failure. CT scan revealed substantial necrosis in the liver. The patient underwent successful ＂high urgent＂ cadaveric liver transplantation and was discharged on postoperative d 20 in a stable condition.

关键词： Portal hypertension Liver necrosis Fibrosis Cirrhosis

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Crystal-field levels of Nd3+ in a new langasite compound Nd3CrGe3Be2O14

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第11期37卷 1250-1254页

作者： Sergei A.Klimin boris V.mill marina N.Popova Institute of Spectroscopy Russian Academy of SciencesTroitskMoscow 108840Russia Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

We report on the crystal-field(CF)levels of Nd^3+in Nd3CrGe3Be2O14,a representative of recently synthesized Be-containing *** are the first in the family to contain two magnetic subsystems,1 D chromium and Kagome-like rare-earth ***-resolution broad-band temperature-dependent spectra allow us to find all five CF Kramers doublets of the ground 4I9/2 CF multiplet and 38 levels of the excited 4I11/2,13/2,15/2,4F3/2,4F5/2+2H9/2,4F7/2+4S3/2 and 4F9/2 CF *** data form a basis for a future exploration of this interesting two-sublattice magnet with frustrated *** transitions between Kramers doublets of Nd^3+indicate magnetic activity of 1D-chromium chains at T<20 K.

关键词： Langasite Two magnetic subsystems High-resolution spectroscopy Crystal-field levels magnetic correlations Rare earths

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The Soviet and American Business： Unique Examples of Economic Collaboration, 1920s- 1930s

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History Research 2012年第3期2卷 178-194页

作者： boris m. Shpotov Institute of World History Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Concessions and technical assistance, described in this article, are historical examples of private-public partnership, which appeared in the industrial era. Even in homogeneous economic, political and legal systems, the business and state co-operation does not always reach harmony and consensus. Here, the researchers observe more complicated, contradictory and sometimes tense relations between the Soviet state institutions and the Western, particularly American companies, who participated in economic modernization of post-revolutionary Russia, initiated by its leadership. After termination of the New Economic Policy （NEP）（Dziewanowski, 1989, pp. 129-137, 155）, and taking foreign concessions back to the state by the beginning of 1930s, the Soviet Union was preparing to become, in a few years, a high-rank industrial power. Giant American steel-making mills, automobile and tractor factories, assembling lines, oil-extracting, and oil-cracking installations, etc. attracted Soviet political leaders, ＂red directors＂ and engineers as the best examples to follow up. They were going to accomplish their plans by means of wide technological transfer： ordering and purchasing factory designs, patents and know-how, training Russian workers and technicians both abroad and at the Soviet constructions sites by placing them under supervision of contracted foreign specialists. However, the adoption of machinery and technologies without due organization and chains of supply diminished and distorted expected results.

关键词： concessions investments technical assistance industrialization

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A VSC-based model for Power Flow Assessment of multi-terminal VSC-HVDC Transmission Systems

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第6期9卷 1363-1374页

作者： Ricardo martínez-Parrales Claudio R.Fuerte-Esquivel boris A.Alcaide-moreno Enrique Acha Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo(UMSNH) National Center for Energy Control Secretary of Energy Department of Electrical Engineering Tampere University(TU)

This paper puts forward a new practical voltage source converter(VSC)based AC-DC converter model suitable for conducting power flow assessment of multi-terminal VSCbased high-voltage direct current(VSC-mTDC)*** model uses an advanced method to handle the operational limits and control modes of VSCs into the power flow *** new model is incorporated into a unified framework encompassing AC and DC power grids and is solved by using the Newton-Raphson method to enable quadratically convergent iterative *** use of complementarity constraints,together with the Fischer-Burmeister function,is proposed to enable the seamless incorporation of operational control modes of VSC and automatic enforcement of any converter’s operational limits that become violated during the iterative solution ***,a dedicated process for checking limits is no longer ***,all existing relationships between the VSC control laws and their operational limits are considered directly during the solution of the power flow *** applicability of the new model is demonstrated with numerical examples using various multi-terminal AC-DC transmission networks,one of which is a utility-sized power system.

关键词： Complementarity constraint current limit high-voltage direct current(HVDC) voltage source converter(VSC) multi-terminal VSC-HVDC(VSC-mTDC)system power flow

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Repeated cupping manipulation temporary decreases natural killer lymphocyte frequency, activity and cytotoxicity

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2016年第3期14卷 197-202页

作者： boris V.Dons' koi Viktor P.C hernyshov Dariia V.Osypchuk Sergiy m.Baksheev Laboratory of Immunology Institute of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Gynecology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine Gynecology Department Kiev Maternity Hospital

OBJECTIVE： Elevated natural killer lymphocyte cytotoxicity（NKc） has been linked with reproductive problems in women. Here we evaluate the potential benefit of cupping therapy（CT） in reproductionrelated immune ***： This was a pilot clinical study. Participants were he althy fe male volunteers（n = 23） with elevated NKc, and received repeated CT 3 times over 5 d（inner pressure 40–50 kPa, 40 min; 12–1 5 cups）. Lymphocyte subsets, NKc and NK lymphocyte activity（NKa） were measured in blood on day 0（initial levels, before the first treatment） and days 3, 10 and 17 after the last CT treatment, using the K562-stimulated CD69 expression ***： As a result of CT manipulations NKa was reduced on days 3 and 10, and NK percentage was reduced on day 10. NKc was most sensitive to CT treatment, resulting in their decreased counts at 3, 10 and 17 d post CT. CT treatment decreased NKc in the majority of individuals（87%）, but the magnitude of the effect was variable. Out of 23 subjects 9（39.1%） had a 2–3 fold decrease of NKc on days 3, 10 and 17; 11（47.8%） started to show a decrease in NKc later, or more quickly returned to base levels; and only 3（13%） subjects displayed no effect of CT on NKc. Expectedly, no changes in T-cell subsets（CD3CD4, CD3CD8, HLADR, CD158a） were observed after ***： CT decreased NK cell numbers, their activity and cytotoxicity. Low cost, safety, noninvasive nature and ease of administration make CT a promising approach for NKc down-regulation.

关键词： killer cells,natural cytotoxicity cupping therapy

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Genesis and Distribution of Ultra-alkaline magmatism within the East Antarctic Associated with the Kerguelen Plume Activity

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第S1期90卷 198-199页

作者： Nadezhda m.Sushchevskaya boris V.Belyatsky Robert Sh.Krymsky Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry RAS Karpinsky Geological Institute (VSEGEI)

Alkaline magmatism is often associated with the initial or final stages of huge plume *** alkaline bodies are most often found within the boundary area of plume impact upon the *** initial stages of the

关键词： Genesis and Distribution of Ultra-alkaline magmatism within the East Antarctic Associated with the Kerguelen Plume Activity Jetty

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Controlled Nanocutting of Graphene

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Nano Research 2008年第2期1卷 116-122页

作者： Lijie Ci Zhiping Xu Lili Wang Wei Gao Feng Ding Kevin F.Kelly boris I.Yakobson Pulickel m.Ajayan Department of mechanical Engineering&materials Science Rice UniversityHouston TX 77005USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice UniversityHouston TX 77005USA

Rapid progress in graphene-based applications is calling for new processing techniques for creating graphene components with different shapes,sizes,and edge *** we report a controlled cutting process for graphene sheets,using nickel nanoparticles as a knife that cuts with nanoscale *** cutting proceeds via catalytic hydrogenation of the graphene lattice,and can generate graphene pieces with specifi c zigzag or armchair *** size of the nanoparticle dictates the edge structure that is produced during the *** cutting occurs along straight lines and along symmetry lines,defined by angles of 60ºor 120º,and is defl ected at free edges or defects,allowing practical control of graphene nano-engineering.

关键词： Graphene nano-engineering electronics catalytic hydrogenation

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