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Number of COVID-19 cases required in a population to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in the province of Alberta, Canada:Sensitivity assessment

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 843-850页

作者： Qiaozhi Li bonita e.lee Tiejun Gao Yuanyuan Qiu erik ellehoj Jiaao Yu Mathew Diggle Graham Tipples Rasha Maal-Bared Deena Hinshaw Christopher Sikora Nicholas J.Ashbolt James Talbot Steve e.Hrudey Xiaoli Pang School of Public Health University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada Department of Pediatrics University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1C9Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2B7Canada University of Alberta Central Receiving EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2R3Canada Provincial Laboratory for Public Health EdmontonAlbertaCanada ePCOR EdmontonAB T5H 0E8Canada Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2G3Canada Faculty of Science and engineering Southern Cross UniversityEast Lismore NSW 2480Australia

With a unique and large size of testing results of 1,842 samples collected from 12 wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) for 14 months through from low to high prevalence of COVID-19,the sensitivity of RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater that correspond to the communities was computed by using Probit *** study determined the number of new COVID-19 cases per 100,000 population required to detect SARS-CoV-2RNA in wastewater at defined probabilities and provided an evidence-based framework of wastewater-based epidemiology surveillance (WBe).Input data were positive and negative test results of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater samples and the corresponding new COVID-19 case rates per 100,000 population served by each *** analyses determined that RT-qPCR-based SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection threshold at 50%,80%and 99%probability required a median of 8 (range:4-19),18 (9-43),and 38 (17-97) of new COVID-19 cases/100,000,***,the positive detection rate at 50%,80%and 99%probability were 0.01%,0.02%,and 0.04%averagely for new cases in the *** study improves understanding of the performance of WBe SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection using the large datasets and prolonged study *** COVID-19 burden at a community level that would result in a positive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater is critical to support WBe application as a supplementary warning/monitoring system for COVID-19 prevention and control.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 cases Wastewater Probit analysis Probability Detection sensitivity

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Perspective: Dimensions of environment and Health in Arctic Communities

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environment & Health 2024年第1期2卷 3-10页

作者： Rainer Lohmann bonita Beatty Jessica Graybill elena Grigorieva Ketil Lenert Hansen Anu Soikkeli Graduate School of Oceanography University of Rhode IslandNarragansettRhode Island 02882United States College of Arts and Sciences University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 5A2Canada Jessica Graybill−Colgate UniversityHamiltonNew York 13346United States Geographisches Institut Humboldt UniversitätBerlin 10099Germany Regional Centre for Child Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare North(RKBU Nord)UiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsø9037Norway Oulu School of Architecture University of OuluOulu 90014Finland

In the Arctic,environment and health are linked in myriad ways.A key emphasis has been on numerous long-lived contaminants in traditional foods,particularly marine mammals,and their well-documented impacts on human,animal and environmental health(“One health approach”).More recent concerns for Indigenous communities focus on the(side)effects of the switch to a modern,processed diet,which is accompanied by a loss of tradition and emerging health ***,the availability of traditional foods is increasingly threatened by the impacts of climate change,which also causes the emergence and spread of new and old diseases,such as *** change,including thawing permafrost and new forest fire regimes,threatens the built environment and *** particular,well-built,planned,and healthy housing is urgently needed,given that much time is spent *** care,particularly for remote and Indigenous communities,is sparse,and often ignores traditional knowledge and local *** communities in the Arctic continue to suffer from marginalization,resource colonization/extraction,and the impacts of *** examples of the green energy transition,such as in Norway,continue a pattern of ignoring Indigenous rights and ***,the connection between environment and health in the Arctic is multifaceted and complex,and investigations and solutions ought to embrace an interdisciplinary and holistic approach toward improving environmental and Human Health in the region.

关键词： Climate change Indigenous Infrastructure Permafrost Housing Health care Well-being Green transition

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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal eldwin J.Ng Yul Koh Joshua e.-Y.lee Chengkuo lee Department of electrical and Computer engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMeMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of electrical and Data engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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A Review on Soft Ionic Touch Point Sensors

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energy & environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 193-208页

作者： Gibeom lee Donghyun lee Gwang-Bum Im Younghoon lee Department of Mechanical engineering Gachon University1342 SeongnamdaeroSujeong-guSeongnam 13120South Korea Department of Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02115USA

A touch sensor is an essential component in meeting the growing demand for human-machine *** sensors have been developed in wearable,attachable,and even implantable forms to acquire a wide range of information from *** be applied to the human body,sensors are required to be biocompatible and not restrict the natural movement of the *** materials are a promising candidate for soft touch sensors due to their outstanding properties,which include high stretchability,transparency,ionic conductivity,and ***,this review discusses the unique features of soft ionic touch point sensors,focusing on the ionic material and its key role in the *** touch sensing mechanisms include piezocapacitive,piezoresistive,surface capacitive,piezoelectric,and triboelectric and triboresistive *** review analyzes the implementation hurdles and future research directions of the soft ionic touch sensors for their transformative potential.

关键词： iontronics ionic materials soft materials touch sensors

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enhancing Identity Protection in Metaverse-Based Psychological Counseling System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 617-632页

作者： Jun lee Hanna lee Seong Chan lee Hyun Kwon Department of Game Software Hoseo UniversityAsan-si31499Korea Yatav enter Seoul04799Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoul01805Korea

Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client ***,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the *** study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face *** proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their ***,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse *** system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse *** performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone ***,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point *** indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling ***,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological *** proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.

关键词： Metaverse counseling system face tracking identity protection

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Generalized polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static condensation based on substructuring

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： D.lee S.CHANG J.lee Department of Automotive engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea School of Mechanical engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method for forward uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and dependent random *** method consists of a generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCe)for statistical moment and reliability analyses associated with the stochastic output and a static reanalysis method to generate the input-output data *** the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary due to random *** allows for avoiding repeated computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output data *** substructuring with static condensation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing ***,the GPCe with the static reanalysis method can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of dimensionality to some degree for UQ under high-dimensional *** numerical results obtained from a simple structure indicate that the proposed method for UQ produces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPCe using full finite element analyses(FeAs).We also demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure under ten-dimensional(all-dependent)random inputs.

关键词： forward uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCe) static reanalysis method static condensation substructuring

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Pyrometallurgical recycling of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1554-1571页

作者： Juheon lee Kwang Won Park Il Sohn Sanghoon lee Department of Materials Science and engineering Seoul 03722Korea Yonsei Industry Cooperation Center Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea RD Solution Wanju gunJeollabuk do 55365Korea

The global importance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has been increasingly underscored with the advancement of high-performance energy storage ***,the end-of-life of these batteries poses significant challenges from environmental,economic,and resource management *** review paper focuses on the pyrometallurgy-based recycling process of lithium-ion batteries,exploring the fundamental understanding of this process and the importance of its *** on the high energy consumption and emission gas issues of the pyrometallurgical recycling process,we systematically analyzed the capital-intensive nature of this process and the resulting technological ***,we conducted an in-depth discussion on the future research directions to overcome the existing technological barriers and *** review will provide valuable insights for researchers and industry stakeholders in the battery recycling field.

关键词： spent lithium-ion batteries recycling sustainability lithium valuable metal

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Block Incremental Dense Tucker Decomposition with Application to Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Air Quality Data

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 319-336页

作者： SangSeok lee HaeWon Moon lee Sael Department of Artificial Intelligence Ajou UniversitySuwon-si16499Korea Department of Software and Computer engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon-si16499Korea

How can we efficiently store and mine dynamically generated dense tensors for modeling the behavior of multidimensional dynamic data?Much of the multidimensional dynamic data in the real world is generated in the form of time-growing *** example,air quality tensor data consists of multiple sensory values gathered from wide locations for a long *** data,accumulated over time,is redundant and consumes a lot ofmemory in its raw *** need a way to efficiently store dynamically generated tensor data that increase over time and to model their behavior on demand between arbitrary time *** this end,we propose a Block IncrementalDense Tucker Decomposition(BID-Tucker)method for efficient storage and on-demand modeling ofmultidimensional spatiotemporal *** that tensors come in unit blocks where only the time domain changes,our proposed BID-Tucker first slices the blocks into matrices and decomposes them via singular value decomposition(SVD).The SVDs of the time×space sliced matrices are stored instead of the raw tensor blocks to save *** modeling from data is required at particular time blocks,the SVDs of corresponding time blocks are retrieved and incremented to be used for Tucker *** factor matrices and core tensor of the decomposed results can then be used for further data *** compared our proposed BID-Tucker with D-Tucker,which our method extends,and vanilla Tucker *** show that our BID-Tucker is faster than both D-Tucker and vanilla Tucker decomposition and uses less memory for storage with a comparable reconstruction *** applied our proposed BID-Tucker to model the spatial and temporal trends of air quality data collected in South Korea from 2018 to *** were able to model the spatial and temporal air quality *** were also able to verify unusual events,such as chronic ozone alerts and large fire events.

关键词： Dynamic decomposition tucker tensor tensor factorization spatiotemporal data tensor analysis air quality

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Regulating interfacial stability of SiO_(x) anode with fluoride-abundant solid–electrolyte interphase by fluorine-functionalized additive

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 671-681页

作者： Subin lee Taeeun Yim Advanced Batteries Laboratory Department of ChemistryIncheon National UniversityIncheon22012Republic of Korea Research Institute of Basic Sciences College of Natural ScienceIncheon National UniversityIncheon22012Republic of Korea

Silicon oxide(SiO_(x))has received remarkable attention as a next-generation battery material;however,the sudden decrease in the cycling retention constitutes a significant challenge in facilitating its ***(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphite(TTFP),which can control parasitic reactions such as the pulverization of SiO_(x)anode materials and electrolyte decomposition,has been proposed to improve the lifespan of the *** electrochemical reduction of TTFP results in solid-electrolyte interphase(SeI)layers that are mainly composed of LiF,which occur at a higher potential than the working potential of the SiO_(x)anode and carbonate-based *** electrolyte with TTFP exhibited a substantial improvement in cycling retention after 100 cycles,whereas the standard electrolyte showed acutely decreased *** thickness of the SiO_(x)anode with TTFP also changed only slightly without any considerable delamination spots,whereas the SiO_(x)anode without TTFP was prominently deformed by an enormous volume expansion with several internal *** cycled SiO_(x)anode with TTFP exhibited less increase in resistance after cycling than that in the absence of TTFP,in addition to fewer decomposition adducts in corresponding X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses between the cycled SiO_(x)*** results demonstrate that TTFP formed SeI layers at the SiO_(x)interface,which substantially reduced the pulverization of the SiO_(x)anode materials;in addition,electrolyte decomposition at the interface decreased,which led to improved cycling retention.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Silicon oxide anode electrolyte Additive Solid-electrolyte interphases(SeI) Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphite

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Myostatin gene role in regulating traits of poultry species for potential industrial applications

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1793-1801页

作者： Joonbum lee Dong‑Hwan Kim Kichoon lee Department of Animal Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

The myostatin(MSTN)gene is considered a potential genetic marker to improve economically important traits in live-stock,since the discovery of its function using the MSTN knockout *** anti-myogenic function of the MSTN gene was further demonstrated in farm animal species with natural or induced *** poultry species,myo-genesis in cell culture was regulated by modulation of the MSTN ***,different expression levels of the MSTN gene in poultry models with different muscle mass have been reported,indicating the conserved myogenic function of the MSTN gene between mammalian and avian *** advances of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome edit-ing techniques have led to development of genome-edited poultry species targeting the MSTN gene to clearly dem-onstrate its anti-myogenic function and further investigate other potential functions in poultry *** review summarizes research conducted to understand the function of the MSTN gene in various poultry models from cells to whole ***,the genome-edited poultry models targeting the MSTN gene are reviewed to inte-grate diverse effects of the MSTN gene on different traits of poultry species.

关键词： Chicken economic traits Myostatin Quail

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