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Current status and future directions of geoportals

International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第10期13卷 1093-1114页

作者： Hao Jiang John van Genderen Paolo Mazzetti Hyeongmo koo Min Chene University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research InstituteBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research National Research CouncilFlorenceItaly Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education) Department of GeographyNanjingNanjing Normal UniversityJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China

Geoportals are a consolidated web-based solution to provide open spatial data sharing and online geo-information *** roles and possible advancements according to the Digital Earth vision and implementation require *** paper presents a review of the literature concerning geoportals and serves the following primary ***,various geoportal approaches for discovering and accessing Earth observation data and geo-information,mainly with scientific purposes,are summarized according to their characteristics and ***,current major challenges in geoportals are identified in terms of functionalities,technologies,and especially big data support,from geoportal cases of ***,based on lessons learned from the international and Chinese geoportals,solutions and recommendations for the challenges in geoportals are proposed in terms of their architectures,services,and *** results show that geoportals usually provide access to distributed data systems,offering maps,data discovery,and data *** of them are also capable of offering online analysis and processing service,enhanced semantic search engines,and dynamic visualization *** strength of geoportals could lead to a full-fledged online Digital Earth system that could provide better data sharing and dissemination solutions to the challenges posed by big data.

关键词： Geoportal(s) big Earth data Digital Earth taxonomy of geoportals geoportals in China

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Materials and devices for flexible and stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 2919-2937页

作者： Jun-Kyul Song Min Sung Kim Seungwon Yoo Ja Hoon koo Dae-Hyeong Kim Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Recently,significant efforts have been directed at overcoming the limitations of conventional rigid optoelectronic devices,particularly their poor mechanical stability under bending,folding,and stretching *** of major approaches for rendering optoelectronic devices mechanically deformable is to replace the conventional electronic/optoelectronic materials with functional nanomaterials or organic materials that are intrinsically flexible/***,advanced device designs and unconventional fabrication methods have also contributed to the development of soft optoelectronic ***,new devices such as bio-inspired curved image sensors,wearable light emitting devices,and deformable bio-integrated optoelectronic devices have been *** this review,recent progress in the development of soft optoelectronic materials and devices is ***,various materials such as nanomaterials,organic materials,and their hybrids that are suitable for developing deformable photodetectors,are ***,the nanomaterials and organic/polymeric materials that are applicable in deformable light-emitting diodes are ***,representative system-level applications of flexible and stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes are reviewed,and future prospects are discussed.

关键词： nanomaterial organic material photodetector light-emitting diode flexible optoelectronics stretchable optoelectronics

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Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using green oil palm frond-derived carbon quantum dots/titanium dioxide as multifunctional photocatalysts under visible light radiation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第11期51卷 21-34页

作者： Zeng Wei Heng Woon Chan Chong Yean Ling Pang Lan Ching Sim Chai Hoon koo Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusJalan Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Centre for Photonics and Advanced Materials Research Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusJalan Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

The present work suggested the use of waste oil palm frond as an alternative precursor for nitrogendoped carbon quantum dots(NCQDs)and proposed a straightforward in-situ hydrothermal method for the preparation of NCQDs/TiO_(2)*** elemental composition,morphological,structural and optical characteristics of NCQDs/TiO_(2)nanocomposites have been comprehensively *** successful grafting of NCQDs on TiO_(2)matrix was confirmed by the formation of Ti AOAC bond and the electronic coupling between theπ-states of NCQDs and the conduction band of TiO_(2).For the first time,the oil palm frond-derived NCQDs/TiO_(2)was adopted in the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB)under visible-light *** a result,the photocatalytic efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_(2)nanocomposites(86.16%)was 2.85 times higher than its counterpart TiO_(2)(30.18%).The enhanced performance of nanocomposites was attributed to the pivotal roles of NCQDs serving as electron mediator and visiblelight ***,the optimal NCQDs loading was determined at 4 ml while the removal efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_(2)-4 was the highest at a catalyst dosage of 1 g.L^(-1)under alkaline *** research work is important as it proposed a new insight to the preparation of biomass-based NCQDs/TiO_(2)using a facile synthetic method,which offers a green and sustainable water remediation technology.

关键词： Oil palm frond biomass N-doped carbon quantum dots Titanium-dioxide In-situ hydrothermal Visible light photocatalysis Methylene blue

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Enhanced refolding of lysozyme with imidazolium-based room temperature ionic liquids: Effect of hydrophobicity and sulfur residue

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1657-1662页

作者： BAE Sang-Woo CHANG Woo-Jin koo Yoon-Mo HA Sung Ho Department of Biological Engineering Inha University Incheon 402-751 Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Freshwater Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI 53201-0413 USA Department of Chemical Engineering and Nano-Bio Technology Hannam University Daejeon 305-811 Republic of Korea

The expression of recombinant proteins in microorganism frequently leads to the formation of insoluble aggregates, inclusion bodies （IBs）. Thus, the additional in vitro protein refolding process is required to convert inactive IBs into water-soluble active proteins. This study investigated the effect of sulfur residue and hydrophobicity of imidazolium-based room temperature ionic liquids （RTILs） on the refolding of lysozyme as a model protein in the batch dilution method which is the most commonly used refolding method. When lysozyme was refolded in the refolding buffer containing [BF4]-based RTILs with a systematic variety of alkyl chain on cations varying from two to eight, less hydrophobic imidazolium cations having shorter alkyl chains were effective to facilitate lysozyme refolding. Compared to the conventional refolding buffer, 2 times higher lysozyme re- folding yield was obtained in l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate （[EMIM][BF4]） containing refolding buffer. The refolding yield of lysozyme was even more increased by 2.5 times when 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate （[BMIM][MS]） containing sulfur residue on anion was used. The sulfur residue in [BMIM][MS] is supposed to improve the refolding yield of lysozyme which has 4 intrarnolecular disulfide bonds. For dilution-based refolding of lysozyme, the opti- mum concentrations of RTILs in refolding buffer were found to be 1.0 M [EMIM][BF4] and 0.5 M [PMIM][MS], respectively. The optimum temperate for dilution-based refolding of lysozyme with RTILs was 4 ℃.

关键词： protein refolding room temperature ionic liquid dilution refolding lysozyme hydrophobicity sulfur

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Nitric oxide synthase 2 gene polymorphisms are associated with prostatic volume in Korean men with benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第5期12卷 690-696页

作者： koo Han Yoo Su Kang Kim Joo-Ho Chung Sung-Goo Chang Department of Urology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seou1130-702 Korea Kohwang Medical Research Institute School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 130-702 Korea

The precise aetiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） remains unclear; however, it is known that immunological inflammatory processes have a role in the pathogenesis of BPH initiation and progression. Nitric oxide synthase 2 （NOS2） inducible expression is closely correlated with prostatic disease, including prostate cancer and BPH. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NOS2 polymorphisms and BPH. With a cohort of 205 controls and 229 BPH subjects, we genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in the NOS2 gene, including rs2779248 （promoter, -278 T/C）, rs 10459953 （5＇-untranslated region） and rs2297518 （exon 16, missense, Ser608Leu）, using direct sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The genotypic and allelic frequencies between control and BPH subjects were compared, and the associations among the BPH subjects were analyzed. SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer and HelixTree programmes were used to analyze SNPs. There was no association on SNPs between control and BPH subjects. When BPH subjects were analyzed, there was no association on SNPs between the low and high prostate-specific antigen groups. However, one SNP （rs 10459953, odds ratio [OR] = 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29-0.65, P 〈 0.0001, in codominant model; OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12-0.46, P 〈 0.0001, in dominant model; and OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.24-0.86, P = 0.015, in recessive model） was associated with prostatic volume in BPH. We detected a strong association in genotype frequencies of NOS2 SNP （rs10459953） between subjects with small and large prostatic volume in BPH. The result suggests that NOS2 may be associated with prostatic volume in BPH.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia nitric oxide synthase 2 single nucleotide polymorphism

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A systematic study on efficiency enhancements in phosphorescent green, red and blue microcavity organic light emitting devices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 143-149页

作者： Chaoyu Xiang Wonhoe koo Franky So Hisahiro Sasabe Junji Kido Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-6400USA Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Yamagata UniversityYamagata 992-8510Japan

A systematic study has been conducted on microcavity organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs)based on green,red and blue phosphorescent emitters to elucidate the microcavity effects for different color *** found that the luminance output is determined by the reflectivity of the semitransparent electrode and the photopic response of the green,red and blue *** the luminance enhancements of blue and red phosphorescent microcavity devices are small,a current efficiency as high as 224 cd A21 is obtained in the green phosphorescent microcavity OLEDs.

关键词： efficiency enhancements microcavity organic light emitting devices phosphorescence photopic luminosity

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Lactic Acid Fermentation from Coffee Ground Waste Hydrolysate by Lactobacillus rhamnosus

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第4期7卷 365-372页

作者： Ja-Ryong koo Hye Min Park Se Kyung Kim Hyun Shik Yun Department of Biological Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Inha University Research and Business FoundationIncheon 22212Korea

Lactic acid is an important organic acid that is widely used in the food,pharmaceutical,and cosmetic *** acid was produced from coffee ground waste which contains fermentable sugars and is increasingly generated from our daily dietary *** 114 strains of Lactobacillus species,Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 10863 was selected for the production of lactic acid from coffee ground *** alkali pretreatment and saccharification,cellulose and hemicellulose in coffee ground waste were converted into fermentable *** experiments were conducted at various alkali solution,concentrations,and *** pretreatment with 35 g/L of KOH at 121oC for 60 min,the highest concentration of fermentable sugars was *** optimum concentration of Viscozyme L was 2%when saccharification was proceeded at 55oC for 7 *** productivity of lactic acid fermentation was the highest(0.59 g/L/h)at 100 g of coffee ground waste(1x concentration),whereas the lactic acid concentration was the highest at 600 g of coffee ground waste(6x concentration).As the concentration of coffee ground increased,the lactic acid concentration was also increased,however,the amount was not proportional to the coffee ground waste *** this study,it was found that coffee ground waste could be used as a culture medium for Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 10863 through pretreatment and saccharification for the production of lactic acid.

关键词： Coffee ground waste Lactobacillus rhamnosus lactic acid fermentable sugars saccharification alkali pretreatment

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A renormalization group approach to crowd psychology and inter-group coupling in social many-body systems

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第2期57卷 247-252页

作者： KIM Chul koo LEE Kong-Ju-Bock CHUNG Myung-Hoon Institute of Physics and Applied Physics Yonsei University Department of Physics Ewha Woman's University Department of Physics Hongik University

By adopting majority rule within a renormalization group approach,we can show that the strength of inter-group interaction in a social system either grows or shrinks monotonically with increasing group size,depending on the initial coupling strength of individuals in the *** contrasts with the findings of previous studies in which the strength of the interaction grows with group size regardless of the initial *** approach clearly demonstrates that the phenomena of crowd psychology,such as an extreme anti-reaction between different ethnic or ideological groups,could be a consequence of the many-particle nature of social systems when the initial strength of the interaction is larger than a critical *** effect of neutral opinion holders is critically examined using the spin-one Ising *** critical size of the population of neutral opinion holders,that can prevent crowd polarization,depends on the block spin rule.

关键词：重整化群方法社会制度耦合强度从众心理多体系统群体相互作用初始强度

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Molecular heterogeneity in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第12期12卷 1148-1157页

作者： Keun Soo Ahn koo Jeong Kang Department of Surgery Keimyung University Dongsan HospitalKeimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is a heterogeneous primary liver cancer,and currently there exist only a few options of targeted ***,iCCA is sub-classified according to morphology(mass forming type,periductal infiltrating type,and intraductal growing type)and histology(small duct type and large duct type).According to different histopathological types,clinical features such as risk factors and prognosis *** developments in genomic profiling have revealed several molecular markers for poor prognosis and activation of oncogenic *** of molecular characteristics of iCCA in each patient is a major challenge in a clinical setting,and there is no effective molecular-based targeted ***,several recent studies suggested molecular-based subtypes with corresponding clinical and pathological *** though the subtypes have not yet been validated,it is possible that molecular features can be predicted based on clinicopathological characteristics and that this could be used for a more rational approach to integrative clinical and molecular subclassification and targeted *** this review,we explored the genomic landscape of iCCA and attempted to find relevance between clinicopathologic and molecular features in molecular subtypes in several published *** results reveal future directions that may lead to a rational approach to the targeted therapy.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Mutation Gene expression Pathway Target therapy Molecular

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Recent Progress in Exploiting Small Molecule Peptides as Supramolecular Hydrogelators

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2017年第10期35卷 1194-1211页

作者： Hao Su Yuzhu Wang Caleb F.Anderson Jin Mo koo Han Wang Honggang Cui Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218 USA Institute for NanoBio Technology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218 USA Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA Center for Nanomedicine The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 400 North Broadway Baltimore MD 21231 USA

Small molecule peptides and their derivatives are an emerging class of supramolecular hydrogelators that have attracted rapidly growing interest in the fields of drug delivery and regenerative medicine due to their inherent biodegradability and biocompatibility, as well as versatility in molecular design and ease of synthesis. Built upon the directional, intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, peptide-based molecular units can associate in aqueous solution into filamentous assemblies of various sizes and shapes. Under appropriate conditions, these filamentous assemblies can percolate into a 3D network with materials properties tailorable for specific biomedical applications. In this review, we survey the literature published over the past three years in the development of peptide-based hydrogelators for biomedical applications. We highlight several representative examples and center our discussion on the fundamentals of molecular design, assembly, and gelation conditions.

关键词： PNIPAM spheres reversible assembled colloidal Highly ordered assembly leaving anhydride

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